Type Text : Descriptive Text

Learning Objectives per Stage

1. BKOF (Building Knowledge of the Field)

   (1.).Objective:

   Students can explain the definition, purpose, structure, and linguistic features of descriptive text.

   (A).BKOF Material:

   (-)Definition: Descriptive text is a text that describes a person, place, or object in detail.

   (-)Purpose: Provide information and build a clear picture in the reader's mind.

   (B).Structure:

   Identification (stating what or who is being described)

   Description (details or characteristics of what is being described)

   (C).Language features:

   Adjectives that describe characteristics

   Use of simple present tense sentences

   Use of descriptive sentences that arouse the five senses

   (D).BKOF Activity Ideas:

   Brainstorm together about places, people, or objects that students know.

   Watch a short video that describes a place (eg the video "My Hometown" or a video about tourist attractions).Identifying adjectives and descriptive words from the video.

   (E).Discussion together about the function and structure of descriptive text.

2. MoT (Modeling of the Text)

1. Objective.

   (A).Students can identify the structure and linguistic features in examples of descriptive text.

   (B).Activity Ideas:

   Read and analyze the example text “My Hometown” together.Underline adjectives and words that describe the five senses (sensory words).

   (C).Mark the identification and description parts in the text.

3. JCoT (Joint Construction of the Text)

1. Objective:

   (A).Students can write descriptive text collaboratively with friends and teacher guidance.

   (B).Activity Ideas:

   Work in pairs to create a description of another city or school.Fill in the guided worksheet (Who/What, Where, Features, Why you like it).Compile text together on the board or shared document (Google Docs/Padlet).

4. ICoT (Independent Construction of the Text)

1. Objective:

   (A).Students can write descriptive texts independently about people, places, or objects they know.

   (B).Activity Ideas:

   Write a descriptive paragraph about a favorite place (home, school, park, etc.).

   Include at least 5 adjectives and 1 sensory detail.

   Conduct peer assessment using a checklist: structure, grammar, vocabulary.

   (C).Additional Notes:

   Make sure the BKOF activity focuses on general understanding of concepts, vocabulary, and structure.

   (D).The videos chosen must be appropriate for the students’ level and relevant to the topic (example: video “Descriptive Text – Describing a Place”).

   (E).For the Padlet platform, BKOF is suitable for brainstorming activities and early vocabulary tasks.

2. To introduce vocabulary (adjectives) used in describing places.

3. To develop observation and description skills through audio-visual (video).

4. To foster students' interest in the material through interactive activities.

“What is your favorite place? Why do you like that place?” Some students answer verbally. The teacher relates the students’ answers to the concept of descriptive text.

Purpose: To build students’ personal connections to the topic.

2. Vocabulary Activation

The teacher displays adjectives on the board:

beautiful, clean, crowded, quiet, green, modern, traditional.

Students work in pairs and:

Mention 2–3 places they know (eg: school, park, home). Write at least 1 adjective for each place.

Example:

Park – green, School – crowded, Home – quiet

Purpose: To introduce descriptive vocabulary and build connections to familiar places.

3. Video Observation (Watching and Taking Notes)

The teacher plays a video:

YouTube: Descriptive Text: Describing Bandung

While watching, the teacher gives instructions:

“In pairs, write down 3 adjectives and 2 places mentioned in the video.”The teacher can stop the video to emphasize important words.

Goal: Practice listening skills and associate visuals/audio with descriptive vocabulary.

4. Guided Discussion

The teacher guides the Q&A:

“What adjectives did you find in the video?”

“What places were shown in the video?”

Student pairs share answers verbally,The teacher notes important words on the board.

Goal: Strengthen students’ understanding and enrich their vocabulary.

5. Assignment

In pairs, students are asked to write:

“Write 2 descriptive sentences about your favorite place using at least 2 adjectives.”

Example:

My school is big and clean. The yard is beautiful.The teacher instructs students to write in a book or upload to the class Padlet.

Objective: To apply descriptive vocabulary and sentences in a simple and focused manner.

1. Let's watch a short video about Bandung city.

2. Make a pair (2 students)

3. Now, let's watch a short video about Bandung city. While watching, please focus on the places shown and the words

Your task (in pairs):

(-) Identify 3 adjectives from the video (e.g., beautiful crowded, green).

(-) Identify 2 places mentioned or shown.

(-) Write them down in your notebook or worksheet.

1. Let's watch a short video about Bandung city.

2. Make a pair (2 students)

3. Now, let's watch a short video about Bandung city. While watching, please focus on the places shown and the words

Your task (in pairs):

(-) Identify 3 adjectives from the video (e.g., beautiful crowded, green).

(-) Identify 2 places mentioned or shown.

(-) Write them down in your notebook or worksheet.

The teacher displays an example text (for example: My School from slide 6).

1. Students read the text together.

The teacher explains the structure of the text:

2. Identification (subject introduction) “My school is big and clean.”

3. Description (description of characteristics) “It has two buildings...”

4. The teacher highlights the linguistic features: Tenses: is, has, are (present tense) Adjectives: big, clean, bright

5. Students are given the task of underlining present tense verbs and circling adjectives.

6. The teacher asks:

   What is being described?

   What adjectives are used?

   What tenses appear in the text?

The teacher opens the session by giving a brief review of the structure, language features, and examples of descriptive texts (results from BKof and the Ministry of Transportation).

The teacher explains that students will answer Quizizz questions as practice in understanding the text “My Hometown”.

Step (2): Access Quizizz

The teacher shares the Quizizz game link/access such as:

https://quizizz.com/join/pre-game/...

Students enter the quiz with a code (448123) game.

The teacher gives about 5-7 minutes to work on 10 questions.

Step (3): Discussion of Quizizz Results (Reflective Talk)

After the quiz is finished, the teacher discusses the questions with students:

Example:

“Why is the answer to question number 2 Identification – Description?”

“What does the relational verb mean in question number 12?”

Students write down each other’s answers and discuss their reasons.

Step (4): Co-constructing Text (Co-Construction)

Based on quiz results

Step (5): Joint Revision and Evaluation

The teacher and students review the text together:

Have adjectives been used?

Have simple present tenses been used?

Is the structure correct?

Step (6): Conclusion & ICoT Preparation

The teacher concludes the results of the collaboration, then explains that students will then write their own descriptive text (ICoT).

2.Write text with the correct structure: identification and description parts.

3.Use simple present tense sentences, such as: It is..It has...

4.Add adjectives such as: beautiful, fresh, peaceful.

5.Use sensory words such as: cool, foggy, warm, fragrant to make the text more lively.

6.Write in their own words, without copying from the internet or friends.

7.Assess the results of friends' writing using a checklist.

You are asked to write a short descriptive text (1 paragraph or more) about your favorite place.

Examples of places: home, school, park, tourist spot, etc.

2. Requirements for the Content of Your Writing:

Your writing must contain:

An appropriate title

(Example: My Favorite Park, Beautiful Tangkuban Perahu)

3.Identification

Introduce the place.

(Example: Tangkuban Perahu is a volcano located in West Java.)

4.Description

Describe its characteristics in detail.

(Example: It has a big crater, cold weather, and foggy mornings.)

5.Minimum 5 adjectives

Example: beautiful, clean, quiet, green, cold

6.Minimum 1 sensory word

Example: fresh (smell), warm (feel), foggy (look)

7.Use Simple Present Tense

Use sentence forms such as:

It is located in..., It has many trees..., The weather is cool... Sections to be filled:

8.Title:

Write a title that matches the content of your writing.

9.Descriptive Text:

Write your paragraph following the provisions above.