When walking in winter, it is essential to layer up. In winter conditions, you will probably require around four layers on your upper body. Which consist of the base, mid, soft shell and outer shell. Contrastingly, you will need a similar number of layers on your lower body. However, we anticipate that you probably won’t require more than three. 

 

 

For the base layer, you should try and use either a tight fitting synthetic or merino. These types of fabrics are effective at moving moisture away from the body. Which furthermore, helps to regulate body temperature. In contrast, try not to wear cotton clothing. This only retains moisture which subsequently lowers body temperature after you have stopped climbing. Ultimately, we recommend merino wool tops. Although they are expensive, they are highly effective at not retaining body odour. In contrast to synthetic tops which normally do this. 

 

 

This layer provides insulation and helps to retain your body heat. When you start to sweat, this layer should be breathable. And upon cooling down, will help you to keep both warm and dry. For mid layers, try and avoid materials such as cotton. Ultimately, fleece is probably the best material to go for. For a mid layer, aim to wear two to three light mid layers. This is because they perform better than one heavy mid layer.

 

 

As well as providing an extra layer above your fleece, a softshell jacket provides a windproof and breathable layer. Although they may not necessarily be waterproof, they are certainly able to resist water. And furthermore, are ideal for conditions which are not overly wet or windy. If you are expecting to complete expeditions in very dry or cold conditions, a synthetic or down jacket could be a very good choice. This is because they are effective insulators. Ideally suited to activities of a low intensity. For example, sitting down and taking in views. 

 

 

A good outer layer is essential for protecting you from the elements. Particularly, wind, rain and snow. Additionally, it ensures the effective escape of moisture from base and mid layers which subsequently helps you to keep warm. The outer layer can be expensive. So as such, make sure to buy something with good features. For example, tapered seams, weather protection zips, wire hood and something made of a breathable fabric. 

 

 

There are generally four categories of boots. Which include:

 

 

During the winter, the main type of boot you can expect to be wearing is mountaineering boots. Typically, they are made from materials such as plastic, leather or fabric. However, they can be a combination of multiple materials. 

 

Walking boots are classified into four categories:

 

 

There is a huge selection of ice-axes available on the market. And as such, they come in many different sizes and shapes. Furthermore, ice-axes are generally split into three categories. Walking, mountaineering and technical. The general anatomy of an ice-axe is a shaft with head at the top and a spike at the bottom. The axe typically has a pick at one end and a scoop on the other (also known as an adze).

 

 

This type of axe is typically maximum 75 cm long and features a straight shaft and basic adze. Better quality axes of this type may feature a rubber grip. These types of axes typically feature a safety feature in the form of a rubber stopper or leash. Intended to prevent an accident from the spike. However, we do encourage you to remove this.

 

 

These types of ice axes are normally shorter than the one listed above. Although they mainly have a straight shaft, some do feature a slight bend. Which makes it easier to make steps in the ice. These types of axes are great to use with ropes and hooks because they feature a strong and curved shaft. 

 

 

These are normally a short style of axe. And feature a curved shaft which make them ideally suited to climbing. These types of axe come in a pair. Once has an adze and the other has a hammer. It is important to note that this type of axe is not suitable for walking and hiking in winter conditions.

 

 

Crampons are normally classified into three categories:

 

 

 

 

Gaiters have a number of useful features. They help to protect from water and snow. They also provide some insulation and reduce the likelihood of sagging of your crampons.

 

 

When choosing gloves, try and select a pair that are not only long enough to cover wrists, but are also waterproof. For very cold conditions, you may want to think about buying mitts. They are warmer than gloves. However, this does come at a price because they reduce movement in your hand. 

 

 

In winter conditions, a hat is essential for reducing heat loss through your head. There are many similar articles. Such as balaclavas, neck-gaiters, scarfs and buffs which can help retain your body heat. 

 

 

 

There is a range of equipment which you should also consider bringing with you when doing winter climbing:

 

 

Additionally, if you are walking in a group, you may want to bring the following items:

 

 

If you are looking for winter activities, why not look at the range of outdoor activities available through North East OA?