Discuss the immunological and molecular approaches used to detect HIV infection. by Maliha Fahim https://padlet.com/malihafahim/hqmxdqcqzngz Maliha Fahim en-us 2017-11-22 11:23:17 UTC 2025-03-14 08:49:13 UTC hello@padlet.com Graph of when certain markers become present in the plasma malihafahim https://padlet.com/malihafahim/hqmxdqcqzngz/wish/209414493 2017-11-22 11:50:58 UTC https://padlet.com/malihafahim/hqmxdqcqzngz/wish/209414493 Main research article chosen malihafahim https://padlet.com/malihafahim/hqmxdqcqzngz/wish/209978219 Research article on HIV testing methods in an Italian lab]]> 2017-11-24 20:34:24 UTC https://padlet.com/malihafahim/hqmxdqcqzngz/wish/209978219 Enzyme Immuno Assay (EIA) malihafahim https://padlet.com/malihafahim/hqmxdqcqzngz/wish/209983891 -Patient serum added on viral lysate (solid phase)
-Antibody-antigen complexes form
-Add conjugates
-Wash to remove unbound molecules
-Spectrophotometer measures optical density : proportional to antibody activity
-EIA now tends to use p24

]]> 2017-11-24 21:51:22 UTC https://padlet.com/malihafahim/hqmxdqcqzngz/wish/209983891 Western Blotting malihafahim https://padlet.com/malihafahim/hqmxdqcqzngz/wish/209984043 -Add denatured HIV proteins and patient serum on to nitrocellulose strip
-Leave to incubate
--Reaction is colorimetric]]> 2017-11-24 21:53:48 UTC https://padlet.com/malihafahim/hqmxdqcqzngz/wish/209984043 Immuno-diagnostic principles malihafahim https://padlet.com/malihafahim/hqmxdqcqzngz/wish/209984125 E.g. Immune chromatography 
-For rapid testing
-Limited amount of sensitivity
-Known for giving false negatives]]> 2017-11-24 21:55:09 UTC https://padlet.com/malihafahim/hqmxdqcqzngz/wish/209984125 Specific Markers malihafahim https://padlet.com/malihafahim/hqmxdqcqzngz/wish/209984361 -p24 antigen, coded by gag gene
-Tends to be used for detection
-Present for 1 months

-IgM is the first immunoglobulin in the blood during an infection
-Detected early when using sensitive non-commercial assays]]> 2017-11-24 21:58:33 UTC https://padlet.com/malihafahim/hqmxdqcqzngz/wish/209984361 Direct diagnosis malihafahim https://padlet.com/malihafahim/hqmxdqcqzngz/wish/209985548 -EIA and WB measure indirectly
-Cell culture or nucleic acid testing directly measures presence of HIV]]> 2017-11-24 22:14:51 UTC https://padlet.com/malihafahim/hqmxdqcqzngz/wish/209985548