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      <title>FUNGOS  by Beatriz Santana</title>
      <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc</link>
      <description>Feito com uma sensatez robusta</description>
      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2020-05-15 03:20:32 UTC</pubDate>
      <lastBuildDate>2023-07-26 04:47:24 UTC</lastBuildDate>
      <webMaster>hello@padlet.com</webMaster>
      <image>
         <url></url>
      </image>
      <item>
         <title>Introdução </title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574163728</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Os fungos são parte do <strong>Reino Fungi. </strong>São seres <strong>pluricelulares</strong> ou <strong>unicelulares</strong> que formam bolores, mofos, cogumelos e leveduras.<br><br>Os fungos são <mark>importantes ecologicamente e industrialmente</mark> na produção de fermentados.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 03:23:28 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574163728</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Por que não do Reino Plantae?</title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574165855</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Os fungos já foram considerados plantas, porém isso mudou em 1969 por serem <strong>organismos aclorofilados e incapazes e fazer fotossíntese</strong> como as plantas.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 03:26:27 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574165855</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Características </title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574175182</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>1. São <strong>eucariontes</strong> (com carioteca e organelas celulares membranosas).<br>2. <strong>Unicelulares</strong> ou <strong>pluricelulares</strong>/filamentosos.<br>3. Possuem membrana plasmática, e <strong>parede celular de quitina </strong>(como nos artrópodes).<br>4.  São <strong>heterótrofos. <br></strong>5. <strong>Reserva</strong> enérgica na forma de <strong>glicogênio</strong> (polissacarídeo).<br>6. <strong>Aeróbios</strong>, <strong>anaeróbios </strong>ou <strong>aeróbios facultativos.</strong></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 03:38:45 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574175182</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Estrutura </title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574177003</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<ul><li><strong>Hifas</strong> = fio de células.</li><li><strong>Micélio</strong> = conjunto de hifas. </li></ul><div><mark>Obs: hifas são a unidade formadora dos fungos.</mark></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/579511776/d0b158f2d4a4ba5a57a5eb97ef5319fc/media.jpeg" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 03:41:08 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574177003</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Nutrição </title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574177490</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>• Os fungos <strong>absorvem nutrientes presentes no solo.<br>• </strong><strong><mark>Digestão extracorpórea:</mark></strong><strong> </strong>Liberam <strong>exoenzimas </strong>na matéria orgânica, essas enzimas a <strong>digerem</strong> e o fungo <strong>absorve</strong> os produtos dessa digestão por meio de <strong>difusão</strong>.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 03:41:43 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574177490</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Respiração </title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574177693</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>Aeróbios: </strong>dependentes de oxigênio para gerar energia.<br><br><strong>Anaeróbios: </strong>Produzem ATP através dos processos de fermentação. <br><br>A maioria dos fungos são <strong>aeróbios facultativos: </strong>Quando <mark>tem</mark> oxigênio, fazem <strong>respiração celular</strong>, quando <mark>não tem</mark>, fazem <strong>fermentação</strong>.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 03:41:57 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574177693</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Reprodução </title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574178180</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Podem apresentar reprodução <strong>assexuada </strong>ou <strong>sexuada.</strong></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 03:42:24 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574178180</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Classificações </title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574178383</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Dentro do <strong>Reino Fungi</strong>, quatro principais <strong>filos</strong>.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/579511776/26175eec7ffcc61f4a68786f0283a1dd/media.jpeg" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 03:42:39 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574178383</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Importância Ecológica </title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574179268</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<ul><li>Decompositores, os fungos reciclam matéria orgânica.</li><li>Estabelecem relações de mutualismo.</li></ul>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 03:43:47 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574179268</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Importância Industrial</title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574179576</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<ul><li>Processos fermentativos </li><li>Pães e fermentos </li><li>Queijos</li><li>Antibióticos </li><li>Cervejas e bebidas fermentadas</li></ul>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 03:44:11 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574179576</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Exercícios</title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574181186</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><a href="http://projetomedicina.com.br/site/attachments/article/625/exercicios_biologia_reino_fungi.pdf">http://projetomedicina.com.br/site/attachments/article/625/exercicios_biologia_reino_fungi.pdf</a></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 03:45:52 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574181186</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Hifas Septadas</title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574192968</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>Septos</strong> “delimitam” as <strong>células</strong>, mas <strong>não</strong> <strong>totalmente</strong>, permitindo comunicação intracelular.<br><br>Podem ter 2 núcleos por célula (<strong>dicariótica</strong>), ou só 1 (<strong>monocariótica</strong>), depende do estágio sexual do fungo.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/579511776/87e0c9370838eec5e7bd84739007934a/media.jpeg" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 04:00:20 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574192968</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Hifas Cenocíticas (asseptadas)</title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574204290</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/579511776/9099048f95079d8673cc7b2874f9ebc5/media.jpeg" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 04:15:59 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574204290</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Importância das Hifas</title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574206269</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>1. Promovem <strong>fixação</strong> do fungo no solo. <br>2. Formam estruturas de <strong>frutificação</strong> (cogumelos).</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 04:18:49 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574206269</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Fontes </title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574210168</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<ul><li><a href="https://querobolsa.com.br/enem/biologia/fungos">https://querobolsa.com.br/enem/biologia/fungos</a></li><li><a href="https://blogdoenem.com.br/fungos-micoses-micorrizas-liquens/">https://blogdoenem.com.br/fungos-micoses-micorrizas-liquens/</a></li><li><a href="https://www.infoescola.com/biologia/micorrizas/">https://www.infoescola.com/biologia/micorrizas/</a></li><li><a href="http://www.criptogamas.ib.ufu.br/node/302">http://www.criptogamas.ib.ufu.br/node/302</a></li></ul><div><br><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 04:24:05 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574210168</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Saprófito</title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574221363</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>Organismos mortos</strong> e em decomposição.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 04:40:09 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574221363</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Parasita</title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574222247</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>Organismos vivos.</strong></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 04:41:34 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574222247</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Predador </title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574223455</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>Pequenos animais vivos.</strong></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 04:43:25 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574223455</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Simbionte (mutualista)</title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574225121</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>Se associam a organismos</strong> de outras espécies, sendo <strong>benéfico</strong> para <strong>ambos. </strong></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 04:45:56 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574225121</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Líquen </title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574227521</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Fungos 🤝 Algas </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 04:49:41 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574227521</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Micorrizas</title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574229026</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Fungos🤝Raízes (plantas)</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 04:51:53 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574229026</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Importância </title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574230259</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<ul><li>Os <strong>líquens</strong> formam <mark>ecossistemas</mark> e auxiliam a <mark>formação dos solos</mark>.</li><li> Por serem sensíveis à poluição, quando os <strong>líquens</strong> surgem podem <mark>indicar a qualidade do ar.</mark></li><li>As <strong>micorrizas</strong> são essenciais no <mark>ciclo de nutrientes</mark> e na manutenção da <mark>qualidade do solo.</mark></li><li>As <strong>micorrizas</strong> <mark>favorecem</mark> um grande número de <mark>espécies</mark> de fungos e vegetais, garantindo o <mark>aumento da resistência do vegetal.</mark></li></ul>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 04:53:49 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574230259</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Assexuada (s/variabilidade)</title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574767909</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<ul><li><strong>Brotamento: </strong>o broto é formado numa região da célula e se desprende após se desenvolver, formando um indivíduo idêntico ao inicial. (Unicelulares usam brotamento).</li><li><strong>Fragmentação </strong>do micélio.</li><li><strong>Esporulação: </strong>as hifas armazenam esporos em suas pontas e os liberam no meio ambients. Estes sendo carregados por água, vento e animais e germinando em condições favoráveis.</li></ul>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 10:50:35 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574767909</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Sexuada (c/variabilidade)</title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574768664</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Dois fungos <strong>haploides (n)</strong> fundem suas hifas no processo de <strong>plasmogamia</strong>, criando uma hifa de células dicarióticas (2 núcleos). A partir disso, formam-se os <strong>corpos de frutificação</strong> (ex: cogumelos).<br>Nesses corpos, ocorre a fusão dos 2 núcleos celulares, gerando células <strong>diplóides (2n)</strong>, estágio chamado de <strong>cariogamia</strong>. Essas células passam por <strong>meiose</strong> e originam as estruturas reprodutivas, onde <strong>esporos</strong> serão formados, maturados e liberados no ambiente.<br><br><em>É mais comum em fungos ascomicetos e basidiomicetos.</em></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 10:51:06 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/574768664</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Citridiomicetos/Quitridiomicetos</title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/575765005</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Organismos <strong>aquáticos</strong> que possuem <strong>flagelos</strong>. <mark>Não apresentam parede celular de quitina</mark>, mas sim <strong>celulose</strong> e outros <strong>carboidratos</strong>.<br><br></div><ul><li> Maioria de <strong>pluricelulares</strong>, com <strong>hifas cenocíticas</strong> e <strong>diplóides</strong>.</li><li> Reservam <strong>micolaminarina, </strong>não glicogênio, por isso os confundem com algas. </li><li> <strong>Saprófagos</strong> ou <strong>parasitas</strong>.</li><li> Reprodução s/ variabilidade genética, por <strong>zoósporos</strong>. </li></ul>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 18:13:50 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/575765005</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Zigomicetos</title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/575807562</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Fungos <strong>pluricelulares</strong>, com <strong>hifas cenocíticas</strong> e principalmente <strong><mark>formadores de zigósporos</mark></strong> (estruturas de reprodução/esporos.) <br>• <strong>Saprófagos</strong> ou <strong>parasitas</strong>. <br><em>Ex.: Bolor do pão (Rhizopus)</em></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 18:36:08 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/575807562</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Ascomicetos </title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/575830097</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Apresentam <strong><mark>alguns fungos comestíveis e leveduras</mark></strong> usadas em fermentação industrial. Formam estruturas específicas na fase reprodutiva, os <strong>ascos</strong>, que contém <strong>ascósporos</strong> no seu interior. Podem ser <strong>saprófagos, parasitas </strong>ou<strong> simbiontes.</strong><br><em>Ex: Podem associar-se com algas azuis (cianobactérias) para formar os líquens.</em></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 18:48:53 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/575830097</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Basidiomicetos </title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/575881543</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Organismos com <strong>hifas septadas</strong> que formam <strong>basídios</strong> na fase de reprodução, contendo <strong>basidiósporos</strong>.  <br>Dentro desse filo estão 3 classes, e somente uma forma <strong>cogumelos</strong> (<strong>Champignon</strong>, por exemplo)<br><br>São <strong>saprófagos</strong>, <strong>simbionetes</strong> e <strong>predadores</strong>, pois conseguem liberar <strong><mark>toxinas venenosas</mark></strong> que atraem pequenos animais que sofrem digestão extracorpórea. </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 19:20:03 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/575881543</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Deuteromicetos</title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/575941128</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Não existem mais.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 19:55:55 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/575941128</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/575960591</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Os fungos protegem e trocam nutrientes gerados na decomposição dos fungos por aminoácidos e produtos da fotossíntese das algas/plantas.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-05-15 20:09:54 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/575960591</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Penicilina </title>
         <author>GoghSunFlowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/GoghSunFlowers/homd2dxjid8sn0rc/wish/576008079</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
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