Greed, human greed is the number one reason why habitats are being wiped out and innocent animals harmed. This is evident when exotic, endangered animals are being sold on the black market in exchange for wealth and uncontrolled deforestation is happening to make way for profitable plantations.

It is saddening to see mother nature being exploited in such a thoughtless manner.

Did greed overpower our responsibility to save and conserve our biosphere? 

Go Xian Yun 

BS17110499
Humans nowadays are greedy and selfish. Due to the profit, they do not care about the flora and fauna. 
Deforestation occurs. As the human population increases from year to year, a large scale of forest is being cleared for housing, building factories and etc to fulfill their demands. Deforestation causes orang utan as in the video to lose their habitat and food source. If this condition is going to be happened for such a long time, this species may extinct. 
Humans should reflect on themselves about their action to destroy the habitat of orang utan. What if the same condition happen on them? 

Lone mentioned this concerning the issue of orangutans in Borneo. 

In my opinion, it's undeniable true that lacking of awareness among people all over the world is the biggest challenge for conservationists to save nature in time. Indeed, as human beings we have to fulfill our everyday needs in order to survive,but because of most of the people have no idea about the resources that keep supporting them and thus the cycle continues. 

For instance, deforestation in our country is still going on for palm oil plantation to gain profits from the wide range of uses of palm oil. We eat bread that labeled palm oil ,use it to cook and many other ways but we seldom question about the word “sustainable”. 

 Lone has proved that it's a pragmatic way to rehabilitate the orangutans back into the wild,but how many public people would even care about it? 

And so, public awareness should be emphasized as we are already controlling the entire world, so we need to do our best to take care of our mother nature while taking everything from her. 

Orang Utans population have been decreasing and becoming a conflict to the biology crisis. Orang Utans lost their habitat as human keep on cutting the trees excessively without any permission. The higher request of palm oil for the food industry have proven that agriculture expansion obviously are the main drivers of the species population decline. 

It is also conclusively proof that humans are essentially evil when they make the Orang Utans as their sex slave as shown in the video.

    Our sole responsibility as human is to protect the natural habitat and the biodiversity it contains. People and orangutans need the same alluvial habitat and in a human versus orangutan conflict, the orangutan does not win. This video also visualized another side of human behaviour which tormented the poor female orangutan “pony”. This happens to be the most sickening news on human behaviour and approach towards nature.

     As a conservationist student, awareness of this crisis should reach the public in order to bring about positive changes towards nature. Otherwise we will have to face serious problems in the near future.

 

Our vision must not disrupt the wildlife because later the extinction of these orangutans will affect us. Educate yourself so that we’ll not be seen as an arrogant human instead, a compassionate creatures. Not just by stopping illegal deforestation, but also by raising awareness of conserving the ecosystem for a better world.

The Red Queen Hypothesis

The Red Queen hypothesis, also referred to as the Red Queen effect, is an evolutionary hypothesis. It proposes that organisms must constantly adapt, evolve, and proliferate to simply survive.

 

An example of the Red Queen Hypothesis would be one of the plants that evolve because of the toxins to kill off predators such as caterpillars. If the plant, is under threat, there evolved a new type of toxin to the caterpillar had no immunity, where most of the caterpillar will die. This victory would be short lived, as the caterpillar that manage to live, even if only a tiny percentage, would breed rapidly, this time with immunity towards the toxin and once again the tree would be under attack. That is simply to survive.

This evolution will occur to all organism simply just to keep their existence.

This video has proof enough that many animal were suffer for the sake of human pleasure especially the orangutans in Borneo. Palm oil trees were planted as much as possible due to its high demand in the manufacturing industry. And the spaces taken were the shelter for many other animal.

The wildlife population decreases and leads to the alteration of food chain. This will affect the whole ecosystem.

we can conclude that the humans have really forget that they share this earth with other creatures.

Conservation biology crisis is getting serious and this becomes a vital issue to be discussed about. Even though this crisis has aroused a wide concern among the government and public, they somehow remain aloof as some of them think that it is not affected to their current life. 

As the population of human beings arose rapidly in the decades, the need of raw materials is also increasing. For instance, large area of forests being cut down for land development and agriculture purposes which causes the loss of habitat of flora and fauna and deforestation. 

Animal being abused sexually and violently by humans are also very sickening to be heard but this is what happening currently around us. Humans tend to do this kind of act just to fulfil their desires without thinking the feelings of animal. 

In the video we can see that although with the help of NGO in rescuing these Orang Utan, there are still unknown amount of the Orang Utan that suffer in a dangerous situation. If this kind of activities keep going on, the title in this video may come true in the future as the forests are soon gone and Orang Utan could be extinct in 20 years. 

 

Species- rich wild forest are being destroyed, especially in tropics often to make way for palm oil plantation or other agricultural mono cultures. This cause many habitats were destroyed and way to extinction of some species such as orang-utan. 

 

   

 

   

 

In the midst of achieving a better lifestyle and vast development of facilities and services, we are actually contributing to a decline of species diversity due to the destruction of their natural habitat, such as Bornean Orangutans which is registered in IUCN Red List.
We are being pleasant because we could drive at Imago Shopping Mall in just 10 minutes. We are feeling blissful because of high income from our own oil palm plantation. We are happy and delighted for having new and delicious dairy products from the manufactory. Before that, ask yourself first, "Do I contribute to the burning and clearing of primary forests?" Yes, we are. We are not really conscious that Orangutans also need habitat for shelter, they require food to live and they also have their own family. But, human activities become the incidents for the Orangutans to lose everything. Thus, we have to think about the strategy to live a better lifestyle but at the same time, we also should protect them.

I want to share something. Sandakan is my hometown, and I live in a village which is also a part of the habitat for Proboscis monkey. Since my childhood, I enjoyed watching them feeding and resting twice at particular months at mangrove area, but the last time was in 2014. From that time, I did not have the chance to see them again. In consideration of that, let's together we put a lot of effort so that all of us become successful conservationists one day.

The second major factor for deforestation is illegal logging. This is because the demand of timber for the purpose of furniture is high. The furniture manufacturer will not care about the source of the timber whether it is legal or illegal. 

Thus this will lead to the extinction of the Orang Utan. This is because forest is not only their shelter but their main source of food also. Orang Utan eat wild fruits in the forest. When deforestation happen, they will lost their source of food and hence will be starving and can’t undergo the breeding process. 

Not only deforestation contribute to the extinction of Orang Utan but also the act of catching Orang Utan for the sake of fun. There are some people who went out of their mind and catch Orang Utan then abuse them,making them cry and scream for help. This had already make the Orang Utan emotionally trauma and lost their trust in human, making the rescue Orang Utan job harder. 

After the rescue had done, Orang Utan will then need human care in order for them to survive. They will no longer be able to find their own food and the baby Orang Utan will need to drink human made milk. Then when they are released back to the nature, they will need to adapt living independently and survive on their own. 

In conclusion, all these extinction of animal can be prevented if human can change their greedy attitude. The Earth belong to all of us including the wildlife animal and plant, we as a human that are gifted with a brain that can think and act have to protect this Earth not demolish it. 

       Humankind has dramatically transformed much of the Earth’s surface and its natural ecosystems . This process is not new. It has been ongoing for centuries especially during the industries development .Nowdays , many natural ecosystems are being progressively razed ,bulldozed, and felled by axes or chainsaws until only small small scraps of their original extent survive .

The development that we have today has result in the loss of the wildlife’s habitat .

 This situation had lead to the extinction of the wildlife such as the Orang Utans . The primer factor that causes this to happen is deforestation for farming plantations like Oil palms . Thousands hectares of green cover lands has been cleared up to fullfill human’s demand on food and residential as their population are growing up . Hence , the wildlife unable to build their house on the trees or hiding in the thick forest . Besides , they also lose food resources for survival. If this happen continuosly , the wildlife could not breed and ensure the their species .

Other than that , human cause disaster also contributes to this issue . Take for an example , those who are smoking are likely causes the forest to be burned  .They do throw the ciggarettes near the forest . Intense and repeated fires easily kill a large proportion of tropical forests wildlife and detrimental to species regenerating vegetatively or from seeds . This had occured in Sabah few years  ago (recently) where the firemen had found some tortoises were burned in that fire tragedy .

Next , there are still some international company accept the illegal timber . This could encouraged illegal logging and causes loss of biodiversity . Uncontrolled illegal logging activities lead to the extinction of species and habitat . This is because the destroyed ecosystems took a very long time to recover and perfect . Lastly , there are still local people want to keep the orang utan as their pet or even sell the wildlife to other countries -  illegal haunting , in order to get more profits.

ELVY KONDIIM

Red Queen Hypothesis  is an evolutionary hypothesis. It proposes that organisms have to adapt ,evolve and proliferate not merely to  gain reproductive advantage . This whereas the prey or predator constantly evolve together to achieve some sort of uneasy balance . This hypothesis can be seen in our daily life . For instance , in agriculture field ,the plants that evolve toxins to kill their predators such as caterpillars , If the plant is under prediation selection pressure or attack , it will evolve a new type of toxin which the caterpillar had no immunity towards it . Thus , the caterpillar die and the plant grow and survive . Inversely , if the caterpillar is immune to the toxin produced , the plants will be eaten and die .

 

            
             So, this crisis should not be taken lightly. We cannot do things that will benefit us (humans) but putting the lives of animals like Orangutan in danger. Remember, illegal logging and torment of animals are not a natural disaster but a human cause disaster.

NURIN SHAHIRA BT MOHD YUNUS 
BS17110332

ASSIGNMENT1 

The need for change in our daily lives and the movements for our government is growing rapidly. Large area of rainforets are being cut down rapidly to make way for agriculture and new development.  

However, we don't realize this human activities can affect the food chains and eventually wiped out the whole entire ecosystem. Take a look, how many animals are being hunted into extinction due to uncontrolled deforestation that is happening now? For instance, the main drivers of the orangutan species’ population decline are due to deforestation. 

Our environment is constantly changing. There is no denying that. However, as our environment changes, so does the need for us, human to become increasing aware of the problems and try to fix it. 

ASSIGNMENT 2 

The red queen hypothesis is the theory down to ‘the evolutionary arms race” where the prey and predator constantly evolve together to reach some sort of uneasy balance. At the same time of the habitat destruction, the daily resources are being reduced. In order to survive, both species will evolve and adapt with surrounding to compete in getting daily intake. If the species failed to compete, the species has lose the competition and will eventually die. 

One of the example of Red Queen Hypothesis is, the plant evolved new chemical type of toxins to which the caterpillar  had no immunity, the caterpillar would die and the plants will flourish. In contrast, when the caterpillar immune to the chemical of toxins, the caterpillar will start to breed rapidly and they will start to attack the plant. Eventually, the plant will die. 

 

 

 

ASSIGNMENT 1

This video clearly prove that many animals were suffered for the sake of humans pleasure especially the orangutans. Orangutan is the most critically endangered species in this world due to human activities such as illegal logging, deforestation and others. Deforestation, clearance or clearing is the removal of a forest or stand of trees where the land is thereafter converted to a non-forest use. Examples of deforestation include conversion of forestland to farms, ranches, or urban use. The most concentrated deforestation occurs in tropical rainforests. The forest is cutting down to plant the palm oil trees due to its high demand in the manufacturing industry. Hence, the wildlife unable to build their house or hiding in the thick forest . Besides that, they also lost their food resources to survive. If this happen continuously, the wildlife could not breed and ensure their species. It is saddening to see our mother nature being exploited in such a thoughtless manner. Therefore, proper treatment must be done and operation on clearing forest must be ceased in order to restore the population of the species.

ASSIGNMENT 2

"It takes all the running you can do, to stay in the same place"

Red Queen Hypothesis in biology states that species continually need to change to keep up with competition. If a species would stop changing, it would lose the competition with the other species that do continue to change. The hypothesis intends to explain two different phenomena : the constant extinction rates and the advantage of sexual reproduction.

This hypothesis can be seen in our daily life. An example of the Red Queen Hypothesis might be one of the plants that evolve toxins to kill of predators such as grasshopper. If the plant, under a new type of toxin to which the grasshopper had no immunity. Most of the grasshoppers would die off and the tree would flourish. This victory would be short lived. As only grasshoppers immune to the toxin, even if only a tiny percentage, would breed rapidly, and once again the tree would be under attack. 

Following the steps of development, mankind had always put greed as the first desire of their life. Unsustainable developments also gave an enormously rise to the habitat loss nor fragmentation of the forest. It is a sad news to be heard indeed. Nonetheless, it is still a relief to know that that there are still people working towards the well-being of those cute, little creatures, known as orang-utans.

To summarise, no humans are completely born to be heartless. We shall rather take in consideration regarding the issue before it’s too late for us to regret.