Simon Bolivar was a rich young man whose parents died at a young age leaving him an orphan and he was raised by a slave when he was older he was enrolled into a military academy by his uncle he was then shipped off to spain and he learned of the declining spanish power after being blockaded in a mexican port by the british but he made it to spain where he meet his first love and he went back to Caracas but 5 months later  his wife died so he went back to spain but after all none residence were forced out of the capital he went to paris were he learned about new ideas from napoleon but after he put a crown on his head simon flipped a table went on a rant about this and he swent to rome where he swore he would not rest until his home was free from spanish rule hortly after he returned home napoleon invaded spain throwing the government went into disarray so some of the colonies declared independence but they didn't have money and wanted to set up trade deals with the english so they needed the money of simon to sail across the ocean to set up the deal and when they got there the english diplomat asked them if they were wanting complete independence or were still loyal to the king but simon couldn't speak or understand english so he went on about how his people wanted complete independence from spain and after the meeting no trade deal was agreed upon but he meet a man who had been fighting for independence from spain so they went back to venezuela and the began to spread the idea of independence but what really got them on board was when they found out the spanish were stealing from them and spying on them and they went into an uproar they started a revolution and for a while they were winning but then the spanish sent troops to crush them and that friend he had made surrendered the whole government so simon took him and handed him over to the spanish were they sent him to prison where he died but simon and escaped to grenada where he raised troops and freed all of new grenada and the he found himself at the border of venezuela he marched back into venezuela and began to liberate his home country but the he got worded that the english had kicked napoleon out of france so the spanish sent 30,000 troops to the colonies and began killing all the people who had fought for freedom and simon had to flee to jamaica which had won its freedom and he spent two years there and then the jamaican leader gave him ships and troops to go back and free his home on the condition that he freed all slaves to which he agreed to and he set out and when he landed he began working but a the spanish enlisted the help of a horse riding warriors that destroyed his army and sent him back to jamaica but he raised another army and when he returned he managed to enlist the help of the same warriors who destroyed his army and with there help he slowly made it back to his home city and he declared the new state of grande columbia there was just one problem grande columbia was venezuela colombia and ecuador but he only had half of venezuela so he set out working his way around freeing villages and he soon had freed all of venezuela and set out to free columbia and the people there supported his army and the spanish had to retreat and after years of fighting the spanish were finally  kicked out of grande columbia but he didn't stop there he followed them to peru and kicked them out and he would continue until most of south america was free leaving only brazil which was controlled by portugal and chile and argentina and as he returned home he had to deal with the government he had left incharge it was falling apart and his dream of grande columbia was failing as countries left and formed new nations he was helpless and he had gotten sick and he would pass away without seeing any of his dreams coming true.

2. Discontent was rooted in the social, racial, and political system.

3. By 1825 most of latin america was freed from colonial rule

4. People called peninsulares, were members of the highest social class,dominated latin American political and social life. 

5. Only peninsulares could hold top jobs in the government and the church

6. People which were labeled as creoles which were european-descended latin americans and were categorized second class citizens bitterly resented their second class status.

7.There was a growing population of mestizos which were people of Native American and European descent. There were also mulattoes which were people of African and European descent. They were both angry because they were denied the status, wealth, and power that were available to whites 

8. Many Native Americans suffered economic misery under the spanish. Which the spanish had conquered the lands of their ancestors.

9. In the 1700s, educated creoles read the works of the enlightenment thinkers. They became inspired by the colonists in North America throw of the british rule and their success.

In 1808, when Napoleon Bonaparte occupied Spain, Bolívar and his friends saw the occupation as a signal to act. In 1810, Bolívar led an uprising that established a republic in his native Venezuela. Bolívar’s new republic was quickly toppled by conservative forces, however. For years, civil war raged in Venezuela. The revolutionaries suffered many setbacks. Twice Bolívar was forced into exile on the island of Haiti.

Bolívar conceived a daring plan. He would march his army across the Andes and attack the Spanish at Bogotá, the capital of the viceroyalty of New Granada (present-day Colombia).

They formed alliance with the hard-riding llañeros, or Venezuelan cowboys.

He led an army through swampy lowlands and over the snowcapped Andes. Finally, in August 1819, he swooped down to take Bogotá from the surprised Spanish.

By 1821, Bolívar had succeeded in freeing Caracas, Venezuela. “The Lib José de San Martín.erator,” as he was now called, then moved south into Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. There, he joined forces with another great leader, 

José de San Martín was born in Argentina but went to Europe for military training. In 1816, this gifted general helped Argentina win freedom from Spain. He then joined the independence struggle in other areas.

He, too, led an army across the Andes, from Argentina into Chile. He defeated the Spanish in Chile before moving into Peru to strike further blows against colonial rule. San Martín turned his command over to Bolívar in 1822, allowing Bolívar’s forces to win the final victories against Spain.

The wars of independence ended by 1824.

Before Bolívar's death in 1830, a discouraged Bolívar wrote, “We have achieved our independence at the expense of everything else.”

Brazil gains independence when Napoleon’s armies conquered Portugal, the Portuguese royal family fled to Brazil. When the king returned to Portugal, he left his son Dom Pedro to rule Brazil.

Dom Pedro refused to leave Brazil. Instead, he became emperor of an independent Brazil. He accepted a constitution that provided for freedom of the press, freedom of religion, and an elected legislature. Brazil remained a monarchy until 1889, when social and political turmoil led it to become a republic.

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