The artwork that I choose that embodies this definition of art is the artworks of Ferdinand Amorsolo. Portraying the simple life of the Flipinos of the past, Amorsolo perfeclty encapsulates the beauty of the country's landscape as well as the simple way of living and survival of the early Filipinos. One of his most notable portaits is of the "Palay Maiden," a depiction of a Filipino carrying harvested rice. At the same time, symbolizing the Philippines' staple from of rice as well as Amorsolo's depicition of the beauty of a Filipina. In relation to Herskovits' definiton of art, truly, Amorsolo's works convey the very same presentation of ordinary living with competence and describable form, in the case of the portrait, it represents the ordnary living of Filipina women in the form of the Palay Maiden.

Concept 1: Art as “expression. ” Among the key concepts, this is likely the well-known dimension of art. You hear people say, “I paint (or dress) this way to express myself. ” How does ‘expression’ relate to the artistic process, in general, or the artist, in particular? How does this compare with art as representation?

Art as expression highlights the personal and emotional aspects of artistic creation, where an artist channels their feelings, thoughts, and experiences into their work. Based on the concept above, it suggests that art serves as a form of self-expression, allowing individuals to ideas that may be difficult to say through traditional means. Unlike representation, which focuses on depicting external reality, expression-based art focuses on subjective interpretation of themselves, their experiences as well as the experiences of others, which eventually leads to the creation of abstract or non-representational works.

However, one particular limitation to this concept is that it may exclude art that does not convey an artist's emotions, such as purely decorative or conceptual pieces that prioritize external form or social commentary, not anymore out of personal expression.

Concept 2: One key concept mentioned in the article is “representation,” and/or “imitation. ”The Greek philosophers, Plato and Aristotle, offered the concept of “mimesis” in dealing with poetry and performance. How do the concepts of representation, imitation and mimesis define art?

The concept of art as representation, rooted in the Greek notion of "mimesis," suggests that art imitates or reflects reality. In the perspective of Plato, he viewed representation with skepticism, where he believes that art is merely an imitation of an imitation, distancing people from the truth of an experience of real-time event. On the other hand, Aristotle saw mimesis as a valuable tool for learning and emotional catharsis (the emotional release that occurs through experiencing art). This perspective frames art as a mirror of the world around us -- both its beauty and imperfections.

However, this perspective too has its limitations, as it struggles to include abstract, conceptual, or experimental art that is far from realistic representation. Unlike expression, which focuses on the artist's internal worldview, representation focuses on portraying external reality, at the same time, restricting how art is defined in contemporary and progressive concepts.

Write at least 5 sentences and include in the padlet.

One may see Science as a means to understand reality. But in hindsight, it's the Arts that lead us to understand the reality that exists in the external and internal. One of the main points of Dalisay's lecture is that art is a means to cultivate cultural education. And in the Philippines, there is a major lack of it. Thus, it is in the means of artistic expression that we will be able to reach the parts of us, such as our heart and our desires, in which logic alone cannot reach. This concept of artistic expression, beyond the logic, opens doors for Science students to not just to undertstand themselves but to understand their external reality as well.

What do you think this famous guy is screaming about? Does it achieve Collingwood’s “emotional resemblance”? How?

The famously known "The Scream' depicts a panic attack that the Munch himself experienced and suffered in 1892. However, without the actual context in mind, the painting itself depicts a captured moment of despair -- worry is a possible reason for the guy screaming. This is further emphasized through the leading line of the "bridge" going downward, giving off the illusion of the guy falling downward -- this also leads our eyes to the main center of his worrisome expression and makes us understand that the character is currently in a dire situation. However, does it achieve Collingwood's "emotional resemblance?" Well, yes! According to Collingwood, in art, emotions are expressed by making them familiar and recognizable to the audience, even if they have not experienced such feelings themselves. Thus, with all of the elements combined, the audience is lead into the world of the subject, the world the artist created with the emotions embedded into it and letting us experience such emotions.

Landscape II by Carlos A. Angeles

Sun in the knifed horizon bleeds the sky

Spilling a peacock stain upon the sands,

Across some murdered rocks refused to die.

It is your absence touches my sad hands

Blinded like flags in the wreck of air.

And catacombs of cloud enshroud the cool

And calm involvement of the darkened plains,

The stunted mourners here: and here, a full

And universal tenderness which drains

The sucked and golden breath of sky comes bare.

Now, while the dark basins the void of space,

Some sudden crickets, ambushing me near,

Discover vowels of your whispered face

And subtly cry. I touch your absence here

Remembering the speeches of your hair.

What do aesthetics of Collingwood and Dewey have in common that they are placed in this module together? What makes them different?

Collingwood and Dewey's aesthetics are placed together in this module because both emphasize the expressive and experiential nature of art. Collingwood argues that art is a means of clarifying emotions, where the artist discovers and expresses feelings through the creative process. Similarly, Dewey sees art as an experience that connects individuals with their surroundings, integrating emotion, perception, and action into a unified whole. However, they differ in their focus: Collingwood emphasizes the internal, cognitive aspect of artistic creation, while Dewey highlights the social and interactive dimensions of art, seeing it as deeply embedded in everyday life and communal experience.

In your post about your altered/repurposed art, explain:

• Based on Walter Benjamin’s ideas, can you consider the end-product of your project art? In what ways? (at least 3 sentences)

For this piece, I combined a classic rural painting of Ferdinand Amorsolo entitled Planting Rice with the lyrics from Kahit Maputi Na ang Buhok Ko" by Rey Valera - a song that is very close to not just mo own, but to many Filipinos' hearts. The image reminds me of simpler times and traditional values a perfect combination with the song lyrics that reflect the idea of growing old with someone you deeply love. By putting them together, I wanted to create a nostalgic and emotional image that reflects love, memory, and everyday life in the Philippines.

According to Walter Benjamin, art loses its “aura” when it’s reproduced, but I think there’s still something powerful about how we can give old works new meaning. This piece might not be “original” in the traditional sense, but it’s meaningful because it’s repurposed with intention. I didn’t just copy—it became a new way for me to express something personal and emotional. So yes, I’d still consider this art.

• How do the concepts of “originality” and piracy affect the way we receive works of art?

Originality makes us think that only the first version of something matters, but I believe there’s value in how we reinterpret or remix things. Of course, piracy is tricky—it can disrespect the artist’s rights if we’re careless. But when we approach art with love, respect, and creativity, even reused works can still connect with people in a deep, honest way - and at times be timeless pieces for future generations to witness and behold.

Provide 3-5 sentences discussing the self-portrait according to the style used and your intention as an artist.

Answer: I have always been fond of drawing doodles in general -- from flowers to little characters, doodles have always been easy and less pressure to create a masterpiece. I have always been a curious learner, dwelling head-deep into books to gather all the knowledge that I can gain. Ever since I was young, books became my solace and at times, and made me appreciate life even more. The art of literature lead me to enhance and strengthen my creative thinking - being able to visualize my ideas and execute them to the best of my ability. My intention with this simple drawing draws from a place of seeking that simplicity and child-like curiosity once more as I enter adulthood. To young Karisse, life was simpler back then, but now simply being still is something we have to make time for.