https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories "Beauty is in the eye of the beholder". Discover various accessories which different ethnicities of Malaysia adorned. en-us 2022-04-07 14:48:58 UTC 2022-05-10 16:27:38 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f380.png 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2141613660
Silver Acquisition

1. Silver are imported into Sarawak during the British occupation in which most of them are imported in the form of bars (ingot), and European coins. The main purpose of silver import was originally for trading purposes such as coin minting. In 1831, the British introduced the trade dollar which serves as the trading currency across the Straits Settlements. Iban people trade their forest harvest in exchange to silver.


Traditional Minting and Silversmith Industries for Iban Accessories

1. Maloh Silversmith 

The Maloh people are famous for their silver minting craftsmanship across the people of Borneo. They provided silver minting services to the Iban in exchange with Ibanese woven textiles. The Maloh Silversmith are very familiar with the Iban decorative motives despite coming from a different background. The Maloh Silversmith would usually settle in the longhouse and build his forge to do the silverwork for the community for months long. 

Motives: Traditional Iban motives (floral and patterns)
Technique: Engraving  and embossing motives on silver surface. (shallow relief)

2. Chinese Silversmith 

The Ibanese also acquire ready made silver accessories like silver belt through the Chinese silversmith in bazaar. The Chinese silverwork focused more on Chinese traditional motives which is equally loved by the Iban community. However, to appeal to the Iban market, the Chinese smiths also follow the Maloh to produce other Iban traditional accessories as well. 

Motives: Traditional Chinese Motives with beasts: Dragon, Phoenix, Insects, Frog, Birds and etc. 
Technique: Silver repousse (thicker designs, less engraving, deeper relief)

 






]]> 2022-04-12 23:59:21 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2141613660 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2161528458
Definition of Ngepan

Ngepan in Iban, carries the meaning of "attire" or set of clothing. In the Iban culture, there are two type of Ngepan which are Ngepan Indu and Ngepan Laki. Ngepan Indu are inspired by the image of Dewi Kumang who is pretty and good at housework and Ngepan Laki is inspired by the image of Dewa Keling who is a great Ibanese fighter. Silver ornaments are considered a must have item in Iban attire.

The Collection of Biah Anak Anji

Biah Anak Anji's Collection is the representation of the culture of keeping silver ornaments as family heirloom and treasure in Iban Culture. Despite moving several times in her lifetimes to avoid the attack of Iban (inter tribal attack) her collection were carried along with her as a treasured items. Having these heirloom symbolises high status in Iban culture and her collection during her lifetime were preserved and passed down to her descendants.

Silver Ornaments in Her Collection

1. Tuchuk Sanggul (Silver Bun Stick)
2. Sugu Tinggi (Silver Headgear)
3. Sementing Ringgit (Coin Corset with Dangling Coins)
4. Rawai Pirak (Silver Corset)
5. Lampit Pirak (Silver Belt)
3. Buah Pauh (Silver Purse)
4. Gerunchung Kaki (Silver Anklet)
5. Tumpa Bentuk or (Silver Bangle)]]> 2022-04-28 04:23:32 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2161528458 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2161530347 List of Accessories in Set:

1. Tuchuk Sanggul or Silver Bun Stick (top left)
2. Sugu Tinggi or Silver Headgear (top middle)
3. Buah Pauh or Silver Purse (centre)
4. Gerunchung Kaki or Silver Anklet (top right)
5. Tumpa Bentuk or Silver Bangle (bottom)]]> 2022-04-28 04:25:49 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2161530347 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2161548533 1. Rasung / Rasung'k - A long copper ring which encircled the leg closely with uniform diameter. Approximately 4 to 5 inches long.

2. Ruyang/ Ruyang'k - Similar copper ring which encircled the arm from the wrist until the forearm. Approximately 3 inches long.

Characteristic

- Not removable by nature (unlike normal bangle)
- Permanently worn until it is time to change them (usually due to normal body growth)
- Can weigh up to 3 to 4kg according to the density of copper
- These accessories are not only worn to adorn the body, but to shape the leg and arm  and make them slimmer. ]]> 2022-04-28 04:45:25 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2161548533 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2161556068  
The Ring Ladies - The nickname given to the last group of the women of Semban who still upholds the tradition of wearing Rasung'k and Ruyang'k

Origin or Ruyang'k and Rasung'k

The origin of the tradition remained unknown but the, but in the olden days, the set of ring were exchanged with traders with barter system. One set will cost them one mature pig.

Practice of Wearing the Rings

1. The ring is put on a young lady of Semban at the age of maturity (usually 10 years old). It symbolises the coming of age for teenage girls.

2. The coil will be change as the girl grow up and some of the ladies of Semban had changed their ring six times in their lifetime.

Social Pressure on Ringless Ladies (in the olden days)

1. On festivals, only ladies who had worn the rings could dance, perform, and have fun.

2. Ringless ladies would find it difficult to have husband and start a family.

Restrictions and Limitations

1. The ring ladies usually face difficulties to move when they climb hills. The ring also weight a lot and cause distortion on their legs and arm.

2. When farming, the copper conducts heat and burns the skin during extended sun exposure.

Demise of Culture

1. When education was introduced to the younger generation, schools prohibited the girls from going to school wearing the rings. 

2. Relocation of village also causes a lot of the original practitioner from Semban village to remove their rings (in some cases, due to geographical restriction like steep hills).


]]> 2022-04-28 04:53:20 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2161556068 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2161564228 Sulau - It is a necklace which is decorated with plastic beads and a disc locket that is made with the kima (giant clam) shell. Sulau is often seen worn with the full set traditional attire of the Rungus community especially during festivals.]]> 2022-04-28 05:02:13 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2161564228 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2161566181 In this video, we can see how sulau is made in the modern days with a conch instead of giant clam and modern equipment like electronic grinder to replace the traditional stone grinding technique. ]]> 2022-04-28 05:04:31 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2161566181 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2161585877 Raw Materials for Tinggol Necklace

1. Tudtul Shells

- Collect the tudtul shellfish (dead or alive)
- Remove the flesh from the shell
- Wash with warm water and bleaching agent
- Pierce hole at the apex of the shell
- Ground the shell on  a sandstone slab to smoothen shell apex

2. Igius Beads

- Collect igiu beads
- Dry the beads in the sun
- Pierce hole by using a needle

3. Tomburon Shells (rarely used because of the decline in population in Sabah coast)

To form Tinggol necklace, the material are bounded with a catgut string in the repeated arrangement pattern of one tudtul after two to three igius beads.

Raw Material for Sulau Disc

1. Giant Kima Shell

- Collect the clam or shell in beach area between big rocks
- Grind the side of kima shell with a slab of sandstone until it became a circular disc
- Make a hole in the centre of the disc by using bundadai (traditional hole driller)
- The hole will be used to attach beaded necklace to the sulau disc



]]> 2022-04-28 05:24:58 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2161585877 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2161594235 Tinggol Necklace - It is a type of necklace that is produced from organic ingredients such as wild plant beads and snail shell. Tinggol necklace are not only worn on special ocassion, but also on regular basis.]]> 2022-04-28 05:32:53 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2161594235 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2161607428 1. The Bateq people reflects their love for flora by turning them into natural ornaments. Wild flower garlands, earrings, and head pieces are among the many way they adorn the natural resources.

2. They also did not name the natural ornaments with specific name and the natural ornaments are not preserved. Once the ornament wilt, they will replace it with a new one as their resource for the beautiful ornaments are generously gifted to them by the nature. ]]> 2022-04-28 05:46:43 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2161607428 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2161614931 Bateq Comb - It is a hair accessory that is made from bamboo. Although it is called "comb" this accessories does not only serve as a comb, but it also act like a hair band or hair clip for Bateq women. 

Characteristic

- Made of wood or bamboo that is carved into thicker blades of comb (compared to commercial comb)
- Usually comprises of twelve blades or according to the size of head of the wearer

Traditional Symbolic

- According to the older generation of the Bateq people, the practice is said to mimic the accessories worn by a beautiful maiden or goddess who resides in the forest. 

Vanishing Tradition

- In the modern age, the Bateq women have open access to comercial accessories product such as comercial comb, therefore the usage of Bateq Comb could vanish in near future with the competition. ]]> 2022-04-28 05:53:24 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2161614931 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2174767102 This padlet is dedicated to accomplice the EIC404: Cultural Perspectives in Malaysia Assessment 1 as well as to appreciate the accessories produced and worn traditionally by different ethnicities in Malaysia. Through this padlet, you will be introduced to several accessories and jewelries adorned by each ethnics and explore their appreciation of different materials like silver, brass, shellfishes and many more.  The ethnics that we will be focusing on are as listed.

1. The Iban of Sarawak
- Largest ethnic of Sarawak 
- Communal society which commonly live together in longhouses

2. The Bidayuh Semban of Sarawak
- Sub-ethnic of Bidayuh (2nd largest ethnic of Sarawak)
- Their original settlement is in Kampung Semban, Padawan, Sarawak

3. The Rungus of Sabah
- Settled in the North Borneo area of Sabah
- Sub-ethnic of the larger Dusun ethnicity
- Their settlement are traditionally located by the sea

4. The Kadazandusun of Sabah
- The largest ethnic of Sabah
- Sub-ethnic varies according to the location of their settlement
- Popular with their beauty pageant, Unduk Ngadau

5. The Bateq of the Peninsular Malaysia
- One of the indigenous tribe living in peninsular Malaysia
- Some still practicing the nomadic lifestyle and some settled in small villages
- Settlements range from the central rainforest of Pahang to to rainforest of Kelantan 

]]> 2022-05-08 23:39:33 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2174767102 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2176057434 New Knowledge Through the Interview

1. The ring ladies are decreasing in number due to modernisation. When they relocated from their original village, there where 8 of them. But some of them passed away due to old age and some had to stop wearing the heavy ring due to old age. At present there were only 3 ring ladies left.

2. Rasung'k and Ruyang'k are not inheritable like heirloom. When the wearer dies, the Rasung'k and Ruyang'k will be buried together. 

3. In the olden days, the copper rings are obtained through traders, but nowadays, the can get it from a hardware store with their desired diameter and density. 

]]> 2022-05-09 16:38:57 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2176057434 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177311458 In this video, we can see the contestant of Unduk Ngadau who came from different districts adorning their specific kadazandusun sub-ethnic attires. However, the wearing of Himpogot and Tangkong sets remained universal across the ethnic. ]]> 2022-05-10 09:48:15 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177311458 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177378780 Himpogot - This belt which is also worn as a pair of three along with the Tangkong is made of actual coins (old borneo currency, old chinese currency, french currency and etc.) which are binded together with small chains. Like Tangkong, Himpogot also complements the Kadazandusun traditional outfit.

Cost

- Himpogot price can range from RM150 to thousands of ringgit but the average price is around RM184.
- The original Himpogot (made of silver coins) is pricier than the fake ones (made of stainless steel).
- New British Silver can also be used to produce new Himpogot and sold after the price increased and the Himpogot is considered antique (usually after several years).



]]> 2022-05-10 10:49:13 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177378780 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177380972 Tangkong -  This accessory with 84 to 98 small brass rings and one shell disk which are binded by a rattan string is worn as belt in a pair of three along with the Himpogot. Tangkong is one of the accessories  which complements the Kadazandusun tradition outfit. Tangkong is the symbol of wealth among kadazandusun ethnics and kept as a family heirloom and passed from one generation to another.

Cost

- Original Tangkong can cost from RM1000 up to RM8000
- The value of Tangkong increases along with its age. The older and dull looking it is, the higher the price.
- Brass rings are not polished as the rust will show the age of the Tangkong.

Subtle Message in Tangkong

- If the rattan binding the rings in Tangkong is red in colour, then the wearer is an unwedded woman.
- If the rattan binding the rings in Tangkong is black in colour, then the wearer is a married woman.]]> 2022-05-10 10:51:18 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177380972 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177442116 This video by a British anthropologist, George Brill shows the beauty of the culture unlike other ethnics in Malaysia. Although their accessories are not as dandy, shiny, or long lasting like other ethniques, their appreciation of beauty is apparent in their daily activities. In the video, the Bateq people could be seen adorning floral ornaments and Bateq Comb.]]> 2022-05-10 11:47:11 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177442116 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177450154 This video is taken during the celebration of Flower Festival of the Bateq People. The Bateq women could be seen dancing while wearing floral head decoration and sash made of leaves and decorated with small flowers.]]> 2022-05-10 11:53:35 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177450154 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177490887 1.0 Iban of Sarawak
1.1 Ibanese Ngepan Accessories Set
1.2 Ngepan Indu Tradition and the Artifacts of Biah Anak Anji
1.3 Historical Background of the Use of Silver
1.4 References

2.0 Bidayuh Semban of Sarawak
2.1 Bidayuh Copper Ring: Rasung and Ruyang
2.2 The Ring Ladies
2.3 Interview with The Ring Ladies
2.4 References

3.0 Rungus of Sabah
3.1 Rungus' Tinggol Necklace: The Bead and Shellfish Necklace 
3.2 Rungus' Sulau: Beaded Necklace with Shell Disk
3.3 The Raw Materials of Sulau and Tinggol
3.4 References

4.0 Kadazandusun of Sabah
4.1 Tangkong: Brass Rings Belt
4.2 Himpogot: The Money Belt
4.3 Tangkong and Himpogot Worn During Unduk Ngadau (Kadazandusun Beauty Pageant) 
4.4 References

5.0 Bateq of the Peninsular Malaysia Forest
5.1 Bateq Comb
5.2 Wild Flowers and Leaves Ornament 
5.3 The Appreciation of Bateq Community Through Videography
5.4 Floral Accessories During Flower Festival
5.5 References




]]> 2022-05-10 12:22:36 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177490887 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177586490 NAME: HUSNA SHAFIRAH BINTI HELMIRIZAL
STUDENT ID: 2022964043]]> 2022-05-10 13:21:43 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177586490 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177601168 Kiyai @ Keai, G., & Tugang, N. (2020). PENELITIAN KOLEKSI AKSESORI PERAK NGEPAN INDU “BIAH ANAK ANJI” DALAM KONTEKS BUDAYA BENDA MASYARAKAT IBAN. Asian People Journal (APJ), 3(2), 169–180. https://doi.org/10.37231/apj.2020.3.2.202

Noel, J. & Tun Jugah Foundation. (2013). Silver Costume, Ornaments and Coins Accessories Worn by Iban Women. TunJugahFoundation.Org.My. https://tunjugahfoundation.org.my/v2/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Silver-costume-ornaments-and-coins-accessories-worn-by-Iban-women.pdf

]]> 2022-05-10 13:29:37 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177601168 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177601385 Cheng, L. (2013, January 26). Last of the ring ladies. Borneo Post Online. https://www.theborneopost.com/2013/01/27/last-of-the-ring-ladies/

Megamovie Sdn Bhd. (2021, February 9). Ring Ladies, Sarawak - Kr Karishma interviews The Ring Ladies [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lBV66f46UL8&feature=youtu.be]]> 2022-05-10 13:29:44 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177601385 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177601613
Albert, D., Bujeng, V., & Chia, S. (2017). Traditional Shell Artefact Production in Northern Sabah. Sabah Society Journal, 33, 45–55. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320427661_Traditional_Shell_Artefact_Production_in_Northern_Sabah

R. [Rungus Kraf]. (2020, May 16). Tutorial membuat perhiasan pakaian Tradisional Suku Kaum Rungus_SULAU. [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IQ934I0gSnc&feature=youtu.be]]> 2022-05-10 13:29:53 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177601613 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177643108 Ahmad, H. (2021, November 14). Sikat, penyepit rambut wanita Orang Asli etnik Bateq, tradisi kian lenyap. Utusan Digital. https://www.utusan.com.my/terkini/2021/11/tradisi-orang-asli-bateq-kian-lenyap/

Brill, G. (2019, February 24). Batek | People of the rainforest [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GXcU1XfZniQ&feature=youtu.be

W. [Wild Dome]. (2020, May 19). Orang Asli Bateq - Sewang Pesta Bunga [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9wN8b2g3Ph4&feature=youtu.be]]> 2022-05-10 13:52:01 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177643108 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177662167 MySabah.com. (2016, May 2). Tangkong, timeless accessory of Kadazan Dusun costumes. https://www.mysabah.com/wordpress/tangkong/

MySabah.com. (2017, June 5). Himpogot, the money belt. https://www.mysabah.com/wordpress/himpogot-silver-belt-of-kadazan-dusun/

Anick, S. (2021, June 8). PAKAIAN TRADISI UNDUK NGADAU KADAZAN DUSUN SABAH BORNEO 2021 [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HgUFDaZ4Bdo&feature=youtu.be


]]> 2022-05-10 14:02:34 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177662167 2022964043 https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177854292 2022-05-10 15:47:24 UTC https://padlet.com/2022964043/Accessories/wish/2177854292