A major key is a set of different musical notes, which will take the same type of pitches from its major scale, and will create the basis of the piece making it sound happier and cheerful. The major key is always related to a major scale. On the other hand  The minor key is always based on the minor scale. The minor keys are also a set of musical notes, which created a sadder and gloomy feel to the piece. The minor key must also always have a corresponding major key.

Another way you can find the relative minor of a major key is through a simple memorization of the circle of fifths, which has all of the major keys minor relatives.

C Major/ A minor (0 sharps) = N/A

G Major/E minor (1 sharp) = F#

D Major/ B minor (2 sharps) = F#, C#

A Major/ F# minor(3 sharps) = F#, C#, G#

E Major/ C# minor (4 sharps) = F#, C#, G#, D#

B Major/ G# minor (5 sharps) = F#, C#, G#, D#, A#

F# Major/Eb minor (6 sharps) = F#, C#, G#, D#, A#, E#

b key signatures:

C Major/A minor  (0 flats) = N/A

F Major/D minor  (1 flat) = Bb

Bb Major/ G minor (2 flats) = Bb, Eb

Eb Major/ C minor  (3 flats) = Bb, Eb, Ab

Ab Major/ F minor (4 flats) = Bb, Eb, Ab, Db

Db Major/ Bb minor (5 flats) = Bb, Eb, Ab, Db, Gb

Gb Major/ Eb minor (6 flats) = Bb, Eb, Ab, Db, Gb, Cb

Natural minor: A natural minor follows the accessing sequence  (for both accessing and descending) of W-H-W-W-H-W-W.

Harmonic minor: The harmonic minor goes in an accessing sequence (for both accessing and descending) of W‑H‑W‑W‑H‑3Hs‑H. IN which 3Hs is 3 half steps.

Melodic minor: The melodic minor consists of a half and half steps ascending order W‑H‑W‑W‑W‑W‑H, and W‑W‑H‑W‑W‑H‑W as the descending succession.

Perfect/authentic cadence: The perfect cadence gives a hard and smooth finish using V - I (chord 5 to 1).

Plagal cadence: The plagal cadence has a more gentle yet also smooth finished sounding ending to the phrase, with the use of IV - I (chord 1 to 4).

Imperfect cadence:  The imperfect cadence gives the ending of the phrase an unfinished sound, using I - V, II - V, and IV - V.

Interrupted cadence: The last cadence would be the interrupted cadence which as said in the name has an unexpected ending sound, as it uses the chord V - VI (chord  5 to 6), while it was excited to be V - I.

Chords: 

1. When it comes to the use of chords, I have chosen to use major key C chords,  as it helped create a positive and happy mood in the music piece , compared to if I would've used a minor key for the harmony. The use of these major key c chords made composition not only be more harmonic and have more personality, but it also made the song sound happier and more positive which is adequate for a celebratory piece of a birthday, as it is a happy event.

2. I did not use any chords in bar 6 (descending area of the song), as I wanted to maintain that area more which is more relaxing and cheerfu.to as well as to bring that one soothing energy emotion into the atmosphere of the piece effectively. 

Candaces:

1. In the first 2 bars of the piece, I used a perfect cadence, as at the ending of the specific phrase I used a C I chord making it sound more complete, as it moved onto the next phrase. I chose this as I wanted it to sound like a complete phrase, as it had a longer type of pause.

2. In the last few phrases of the piece, I used a plagal cadence as I used IV - I. this allowed it to have a more gentle and smooth finish of the entire happy birthday piece.

1. The first step I have taken to edit this piece was finding a specific software (muse score) which would allow me to edit and add notes according to what was provided for  use to edit. Using this software I was able to copy the pdf file provided and make it into a place where I could edit it and listen to the piece.

2. The second step I took in creating this piece was to find the best key of the song,which was a major key as it showcased the original sound of the happy birthday song. Using this I then decided to use C major keys to create the chords I would add, as the major keys provide a more positive harmony to the piece which is what is intended in happy birthday.

3. Before finalising the chords added, I did a little bit more extra research on candances to strengthen my knowledge on where to put the chord of different candace and how they could affect the songs harmony and mood.

4. Then to complete this task, I simply arranged the created chords into the specific candace before the ending of a phrase (used perfect and imperfect) to make it sound more complete before starting a new one. After that I simply recorded the sound and submitted the task.

Perfect cadence: This makes the piece end strongly and smoothly which in terms provides the piece with a feel of peace and satisfaction as the ending is smooth.

Plagal cadence: This has a more gentle finish, which gives more of a calm and relaxing finishing feel. 

Imperfect cadence: The imperfect cadence leaves a suspenseful feel and emotion in the piece as it doesn't have a smooth or string ending such as the cadence of the finished sections.

INterrupted cadence: this like on the name provides the listener of the music section a more anticipated and shocked feel, as it ends the piece abruptly when they expert it to be a perfect cadence.

Kocur, John, et al. “Minor Scales, Scale Degrees, and Key Signatures.” OPEN MUSIC THEORY, 1 July 2021, viva.pressbooks.pub/openmusictheory/chapter/minor-scales/#:~:text=There%20are%20three%20different%20types,harmonic%20minor%20%2C%20and%20melodic%20minor%20.