Plantation Era by Ms. Ally

Plantation Era by Ms. Ally https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l Pd. 6: Red | Pd. 1: Yellow | Pd. 3: Green | Pd. 5: Blue | Pd. 7: Purple en-us 2023-03-23 19:26:23 UTC 2023-04-10 21:56:16 UTC hello@padlet.com 1820-Missionaries Arrive acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2529383301 This was the first group of foreigners to come to Hawai'i and live here. Many of the plantation owners can trace their ancestry back to the original missionary families. ]]> 2023-03-23 19:28:45 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2529383301 1850s-Sugar Industry acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2529388212 Many plantations were owned by descendants of missionaries. They began importing contracted laborers from other places to work on their plantations because the Hawaiian labor population wasn't enough. ]]> 2023-03-23 19:33:54 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2529388212 1852-1887: The Chinese acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2529398553 P:
-Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882: created fear of them overtaking the labor market, also due to their large numbers, which resulted in the government restricting the amount of Chinese immigrants immigrating to Hawaii

E:
-successfully made a living in Hawaii
-Chinese immigrants that worked on plantations were mainly successful due to the education they had and the bias towards them resulting in greater pay than others.

S:
-successfully made a living in Hawaii created fear of them overtaking the labor market, also due to their large numbers, which resulted in the government restricting the amount of Chinese immigrants immigrating to Hawaii.
-successful due to the education they had and the bias towards them resulting in greater pay than others.

Description:

Why:]]> 2023-03-23 19:44:12 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2529398553 1885-1924: The Japanese acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2529400667 P:
- Gentleman's Agreement: an agreement between the Japanese and United States to not allow any more Japanese immigrants into the US but also not put any more restrictions on Japanese living in US already

S:
-generally got paid higher than other immigrant groups]]> 2023-03-23 19:46:03 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2529400667 1878-1911: The Portuguese acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2529401764 E:
-paid less than the whites, but paid more than other immigrant laborers

S:
-Came with their families, not as single men
-often categorized as between White and Brown]]> 2023-03-23 19:47:17 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2529401764 The Hawaiians acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2529403434 P: Temporarily, Native Hawaiians had to participate in Auhau Hana, or a labor tax for the chiefs by farming sugar cane.

E: Many native Hawaiians found work as sugar laborers in Hawaii throughout the late 1800s and early 1900s when the sugar business expanded there because they were the easier source of cheap labor.

S: Native Hawaiian population was declining which led to owners needing to outsource for labor. Immigrant labors were also easier to control because they were essentially trapped on the islands.]]> 2023-03-23 19:49:04 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2529403434 1906: The Filipinos acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2529405015 E:
-paid on the lower side of pay scale

S:
-made up 70% of the population that worked in the fields which is more than half of the ethnicities working on the field
-single men]]> 2023-03-23 19:50:32 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2529405015 1903: The Koreans acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2529405568 P:
-The Hawaiian Legislature passed “An Act for the Governance of Masters and Servants,” due to a labor shortage on sugar plantations

S:
-first wave: occupations the immigrants would take for work in Hawaii in 1906
-second: left over Koreans who were bachelors looking to marry picture brides
-third wave: post-war period in which students and war orphans immigrated in 1947-67. The
-last wave: many well educated Koreans came to Hawaii as many professions in 1967 and after. ]]> 2023-03-23 19:51:05 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2529405568 Website Links acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2529439112 General:
https://www.hawaiimagazine.com/hawaiis-rainbow-of-cultures-and-how-they-got-to-the-islands/#:~:text=Chinese%20laborers%20were%20the%20first,farmed%20crop%20at%20the%20time.

]]> 2023-03-23 20:29:07 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2529439112 Important Notes acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2530855331 1. Sugarcane was an ideal crop to grow in Hawai'i because of our access to water however, our land was limited.
2. Hawai'i is a U.S. territory and is treated as a foreign producer which pushed forward the idea of statehood for plantation owners.
3. The Big 5 controlled the sugar industry.]]> 2023-03-24 19:26:27 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2530855331 C. Brewer & Co.,Ltd acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535596890 E: sold merchandise, hardware and insurance during the whaling industry but kept up with the sugar industry

Description: -oldest of the big 5, this company started because the James Hunnewell set up a trading firm on his second trip to Hawai'i, this time as a trader in his own trading firm. Captain Charles Brewer took over and this is where the name from.

]]> 2023-03-28 20:12:08 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535596890 Theo. H. Daves & Co., Ltd. acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535597437 E: Started as a merchant and trade business in port towns but then became involved in sugar trade
S: In this side of business (not plantation side), clerks were able to move up the ladder in business easier.

Description: Theo. H. Davies started off as a clerk under R. C. Janion in 1857 and was able to become head of the company by 1882.]]> 2023-03-28 20:12:45 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535597437 American Factors, Ltd (AMFAC) acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535597991 P: The Alien Property Custodian Act allowed the U.S. government to sell any land property that seemed to be owned by an enemy of America.

E: American buyers, many of them from the Big 5, bought the company for $7 million dollars.

S: name of the company was changed to American Factors and Liberty House to be more patriotic

Description: Captain H. Hackfield founded an important sugar agent in Hawaii called H. Hackfield and Co. However, when the US entered world war 1 it was marked as “enemy” interest under the Alien Property Custodian Act, because of its German Character. It was forced to be sold in 1918 to American interests, and ended in changing to American Factors, Ltd, transitioning from German to American ownership.

]]> 2023-03-28 20:13:16 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535597991 Castle & Cooke, Ltd. acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535598283 E: American Board of Missions faced financial issues and asked missionaries to find ways to support themselves which led many to go into merchandise

S: founded by missionaries]]> 2023-03-28 20:13:36 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535598283 Alexander & Baldwin (A&B) acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535598609 E:
The water made the plantation so profitable that

Alexander & Baldwin was able to acquire more

sugar lands.

G: Hāmākua Ditch-Irrigation System
Insufficient water supply to lowland plains

Description: In 1869, these two young men formed the firm Alexander & Baldwin. After experimenting with irrigation systems, the famous Haiku Sugar Co. was created. Hamakua Ditch, finished in 1878. A daily supply of forty million gallons of water transformed the hot lowland plains into ideal sugar country.

]]> 2023-03-28 20:13:58 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535598609 Workers acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535602511 G: Wahiawā
S: -worked in the hot sun
-used trains to bring the pineapples to their destination
-factories to produce the pineapples and sugar.

Description: Their primary role was to cultivate and harvest pineapples grown on fields. Usually, they would have to work on very sunny days where the condition was sub-par at best (not to mention the difficulty of handling pineapples.) Most pineapple workers seemed to work for Dole, a food company which has pineapple as a major product of theirs. ]]> 2023-03-28 20:18:26 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535602511 James D. Dole acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535603439 Use the "A History of Hawai'i" Textbook pg. 220-226

P: Related to Stanford B. Dole (committee of safety)
E: used marketing to the mainland to popularize "Hawaiian Pineapples"

Description: In 1899 James Dole arrived in Hawaii with little money in his pocket, with a Harvard degree in business and horticulture and a love of farming. He began by growing pineapples in Wahiawa, on Oahu Island, Hawaii. He founded the Hawaiian Pineapple Company and started to make the name of “Hawaii” synonymous with “pineapple.” ]]> 2023-03-28 20:19:29 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535603439 Hawaiian Pineapple Co. acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535604658 E: The Hawaiian Pineapple Company became Hawaii’s second largest industry
-almost went bankrupt during the stock market crash of 1929 because of millions of dollars in debt
-pineapple sales were able to go back up within the next two years]]> 2023-03-28 20:20:54 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535604658 High Wages Movement Strike of 1924 acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535609870 P: laws passed to prohibit peaceful picketing, trespassing on cultivated lands, silence "anarchist" publications and punishment for those who called for violence or sabotage
E: for higher wages when working on the plantation fields
S: led by Filipino workers. relied on regional differences between Visayans (countrymen) and Ilocanos (strikebreakers) to create tension between groups

Description:
-longest and most violent labor dispute
-involved 33/45 plantations in the territory]]> 2023-03-28 20:26:56 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535609870 Labor Organizations acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535619284 P:
Territorial law-unlawful assembly and riot act, conspiracy act and anti-picketing law discouraged unions
change in law to
Federal-National labor relations act: workers could collectively bargin as a group and employers could not interfere with union activities

G: across the whole territory

S: planters created tension between different ethnicities to foster distrust of each other (harder to created unions) but eventually they realized they needed to work together (esp Japanese and Filipinos who made up a lot of workers)]]> 2023-03-28 20:38:32 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535619284 The Perquisite System acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535620151 P: Labor unions were not a great things for planters because it meant that the workers were going to gain more power.

E: These benefits included medical care, better housing, churches and clubhouses.

S: The perquisite system was created because workers were starting to learn to work together. It was supposed to keep workers happy so that they wouldn't complain and join unions.

Description: This was a system in which workers were not given only payment but benefits as well. ]]> 2023-03-28 20:39:36 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535620151 Pidgin: See slides in assignment acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535655911 S:
-the communication between people is social and connected people who had nothing in common when they first arrived
-Has a very negative stigma in education

Became a Hawaiian Creole English once it was taught to the children of these plantation workers as their FIRST language]]> 2023-03-28 21:27:34 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2535655911 Education acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2537154968 P:
-members of oligarchy believed that they were wasting money and enabling children to "destroy" them if they educated students past the 6th grade
-forced to create more schools after 1920 federal survey recommended more tax money go into education

E:
-"frills" like transportation and kindergarten were not provided for students
-teachers were not paid by plantations managers

S:
-in 1920 only about 3% of school age population was enrolled in school
-abolishing ethnic language schools and implementing english schools based on skill level]]> 2023-03-29 18:17:47 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2537154968 The Plantation acoloma9 https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2542719110 P:
-contract labor was abolished in 1900 so they started to bring women to plantations to keep male workers on plantations

E:
-plantation managers didn't care about workers' lives until it affected business

S:
-workers lived on camps on plantations separated by gender
-poor living conditions (close quarters, no privacy)
-plantation food (mix plate/plate lunch)
-amount of men outnumbered woman which led to the mixed race children

Description:

Why:]]> 2023-04-03 20:15:34 UTC https://padlet.com/acoloma9/hgtghi9eoygrsd0l/wish/2542719110