MODERNISM by Ana Cristina Grappin Ovando

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 00:22:36 UTC

Modernism is a broad cultural, artistic, and literary movement that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries as a response to rapid industrialization, technological progress, and social change. It is characterized by the rejection of traditional artistic conventions and the questioning of established norms.

Question everything

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 00:24:29 UTC

Modernists aimed at reshaping art and literature to describe present-day experiences by challenging the generally accepted perspective of identity, reality, and human nature.

Rebellion against tradition

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 00:25:54 UTC

Rejection of traditional forms and themes in literature.

Stream-of-consciousness

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 00:26:55 UTC

New writing style that tries to imitate the flow of the character's inner thoughts and emotions.

Mind-body dissociation and the questioning of identity

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 00:29:22 UTC

Literature had alienation, estrangement, and the gap between the perceived and real selves.

Poetry structure

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 00:30:49 UTC

Popularization of free verse poetry with no regular meter and unconventional metaphors.

Experimental prose

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 00:34:57 UTC

Use of multiple points of view, non-linear narratives, untraditional syntax, and metafiction.

The Avant-Garde spirit

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 00:36:38 UTC

Influence from Futurism, Dadaism, and Surrealism, which have been tagged onto an avant-garde expression and its insistence on innovation and experimentation.

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 00:37:24 UTC

Modernism thrived between the first four decades of the 20th century. Falling within the cultural crisis and transformation, modernism was shaped by such factors as:

Decline of Victorian ideals and traditional values

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 00:38:53 UTC

During this period, the inflexible structure that characterized morality in the 19th century increasingly lost favor.

Foundations

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 00:39:46 UTC

Romanticism and realism as the bases of Modernism.

Rapid industrialization and urbanization

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 00:42:51 UTC

Rapid technological and social changes reshaped the human experience and brought with it the complications of modern city life.

Scientific and philosophical disruptions

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 00:43:39 UTC

Theories like Darwin's evolution and the emergence of philosophical theories challenged traditional worldviews and absolute truth.

Aftermath of World War I

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 00:45:45 UTC

The horrors of war destroyed faith in progress and human rationality.

Transdisciplinary

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 00:46:57 UTC

It is important to notice that modernism did not end with literature but spilled over into other disciplines: philosophy, psychology, anthropology, painting, music, sculpture, and architecture.

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 00:50:29 UTC

The beginning of Modernism was the creation of a generation of radical thinking that reconstituted human perception and knowledge:

Karl Marx

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 00:51:22 UTC

His critique of capitalism inspired the Modernist skepticism towards social structures.

Friedrich Nietzsche

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 00:52:57 UTC

His ideas about morality, truth, and religion were in tune with the questioning of these subjects.

Sigmund Freud

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 00:54:41 UTC

His theories on the unconscious mind influenced the employment of stream-of-consciousness and the use of psychological depth in literature.

Sir James Frazer

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 00:55:46 UTC

Whose studies in mythology and comparative religion inspired Modernist themes of myth and meaning.

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 00:56:28 UTC

His theory of evolution, which perhaps had the most serious blow to religious and humanist ideals, influences existential themes seen in Modernist literature.

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 00:58:43 UTC

Ezra Pound: poet and critic who instructed artists to "Make it new!"
T.S. Eliot: a modernist-defining poem, mythical, fragmentary, in a state of cultural despair
James Joyce: established stream-of-consciousness writing in Ulysses
Virginia Woolf: the originator of psychological realism and feminism.
Franz Kafka: writing with existential futility and absurdity on labyrinths of bureaucracy, alienation, and the condition of humanity.
Stéphane Mallarmé: Avant-garde modernist; his symbolist poetry foreshadowed the language use and abstractive techniques that would appear in Modernism.
Hans Hofmann: artist and teacher; assisted in spreading Modernist views throughout the United States.

anagrappin — 2025-02-09 01:09:00 UTC

Robbinson, B. J. (2022, October 3). 3.1: Modernism and Postmodernism as literary movements. Humanities LibreTexts, University of North Georgia Press. https://human.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Literature_and_Literacy/British_and_Irish_Literature/British_Literature_II_-_Romantic_Era_to_the_Twentieth_Century_and_Beyond_(Robinson)/03%3A_The_Twentieth_Century_and_Beyond/3.01%3A_Modernism_and_Postmodernism_as_Literary_Movements

Saylor Resources Archive. (s.f.). Modernism. https://resources.saylor.org/wwwresources/archived/site/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Modernism.pdf

Yasin, T. (s.f.). Modernism in literature. Ram Lal Anand College. https://rlacollege.edu.in/pdf/eng-presentation/PPT%202%20MODERNISM.pdf