Forensic Science History Timeline by https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz en-us 2023-09-29 04:24:51 UTC 2023-10-16 21:12:04 UTC hello@padlet.com 1686 Marcello Malpighi, a professor of anatomy at the University of Bologna, noted fingerprint characteristics. However, he made no mention of their value as a tool for individual identification. gbriseno2 https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725574817 This is important because it introduced the idea of fingerprints. He laid the foundation for modern histology and helped us advance understanding of the human body. ]]> 2023-09-29 04:39:00 UTC https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725574817 1784 In Lancaster, England, John Toms was convicted of murder on the basis of the torn edge of wad of newspaper in a pistol matching a remaining piece in his pocket. This was one of the first documented uses of physical matching gbriseno2 https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725577808 John Toms physical matching case demonstrated the importance of preserving and examining physical evidence in investigation. Methods in forensic science have evolved thanks to this event, since then. ]]> 2023-09-29 04:45:18 UTC https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725577808 Mathiew Orfila, a Spaniard who became professor of medicinal/forensic chemistry at University of Paris, published Traite des Poisons Tires des Regnes Mineral, Vegetal et Animal, ou Toxicologie General l. Orfila is considered the father of modern toxicology. He also made significant contributions to the development of tests for the presence of blood in a forensic context and is credited as the first to attempt the use of a microscope in the assessment of blood and semen stains. gbriseno2 https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725584781 His research and methods formed the basis of forensic toxicology. Today, his work is still used in crime labs and forensic investigations worldwide. ]]> 2023-09-29 05:00:20 UTC https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725584781 1856 Sir William Herschel, a British officer working for the Indian Civil service, began to use thumbprints on documents both as a substitute for written signatures for illiterates and to verify document signatures gbriseno2 https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725587189 This fingerprint discovery is especially important due to their unique and unchanging nature. It has helped develop a system to better document and identify a person. ]]> 2023-09-29 05:05:11 UTC https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725587189 1864 Odelbrecht first advocated the use of photography for the identification of criminals and the documentation of evidence and crime scenes. gbriseno2 https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725589582 Photography has helped investigations immensely. It is used as tangible evidence as well as capturing details for an investigation. ]]> 2023-09-29 05:09:35 UTC https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725589582 1889 Alexandre Lacassagne, professor of forensic medicine at the University of Lyons, France, was the first to try to individualize bullets to a gun barrel. His comparisons at the time were based simply on the number of lands and grooves. gbriseno2 https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725591459 He emphasized the importance of examining the unique characteristics of bullets. These marks can help identify the specific firearm that was used for a crime. This method is crucial to today.]]> 2023-09-29 05:12:38 UTC https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725591459 1900 Karl Landsteiner first discovered human blood groups and was awarded the Nobel prize for his work in 1930. MaxRichter adapted the technique to type stains. This is one of the first instances of performing validation experiments specifically to adapt a method for forensic science. Landsteiner's continued work on the detection of blood, its species, and its type formed the basis of practically all subsequent work. gbriseno2 https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725593080 Karls discoveries in blood have made safe blood transfusions possible, people are now able to match and compare blood types. Not only that, but knowing about the types of blood is important for medicine and public health in general.]]> 2023-09-29 05:15:17 UTC https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725593080 1910 Edmund Locard, successor to Lacassagne as professor of forensic medicine at the University of Lyons, France, established the first police crime laboratory. gbriseno2 https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725594736 Edmunds emphasis on the systematic collection and analysis of evidence remains important to forensic investigations. Without him, case solving and credibility of forensic science would not be as merited as it is today.]]> 2023-09-29 05:18:18 UTC https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725594736 1920 Charles E. Waite was the first to catalog manufacturing data about weapons gbriseno2 https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725595936 Chalres allowed investigators to trace back weapons and allow them to identify what is what in a simpler way. This also helped with tracking down criminals and gaining more crucial details. ]]> 2023-09-29 05:20:36 UTC https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725595936 1924 August Vollmer, as chief of police in Los Angeles, California, implemented the first U.S. police crime laboratory. gbriseno2 https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725597213 Augusts crime laboratory emphasizes importance of trained and educated officers. He also encouraged use of scientific methods and research in policing, overall better professionalism skills. ]]> 2023-09-29 05:23:27 UTC https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725597213 1935 Frits Zernike, a Dutch physicist, invented the first interference contrast microscope, a phase contrast microscope, an achievement for which he won the Nobel prize in 1953. gbriseno2 https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725598890 Better technology allowed for better visualization of specimens and the study of living organisms. His use of phase-contrast microscopy allowed for a non staining approach to observing organisms, and helped research in many other fields of science. ]]> 2023-09-29 05:26:36 UTC https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725598890 1941 Murray Hill of Bell Labs initiated the study voiceprint identification. The technique was refined by L.G. Kersta. gbriseno2 https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725599621 Voice identification is another amazing way of capturing and observing evidence. It can be used in several circumstances, and is still used today in modern technology. ]]> 2023-09-29 05:28:07 UTC https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725599621 1954 R. F. Borkenstein, captain of the Indiana State Police, invented the Breathalyzer for field sobriety testing. gbriseno2 https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725600443 Sobriety testing is used on thousands of people to this day. It has prevented so many tragedies, and could have also been used in investigation regarding substance use. ]]> 2023-09-29 05:29:40 UTC https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725600443 1960s Maurice Muller, a Swiss scientist, adapted the Ouchterlony antibody-antigen diffusion test for precipiten testing to determine species. gbriseno2 https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725602144 Mullers testing has had a huge impact not only in the forensic science world, but in a world of pandemic. Without this kind of testing being introduce, at home kits, or other antigen testing would not be possible. Results would not be at our fingertips. ]]> 2023-09-29 05:31:45 UTC https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725602144 1986 In the first use of DNA to solve a crime, Jeffreys used DNA profiling to identify Colin Pitchfork as the murderer of two young girls in the English Midlands. Significantly, in the course of the investigation, DNA was first used to exonerate an innocent suspect. gbriseno2 https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725603453 The use of DNA investigation has saved many from being wrongly accused, as well as capturing a criminal even if a case hasn't begun. Today, its as simple as getting DNA from an item and having it tested for individuality. ]]> 2023-09-29 05:34:17 UTC https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725603453 1987 DNA profiling was introduced for the first time in a U.S. criminal court. Based on RFLP analysis performed by Lifecodes, Tommy Lee Andrews was convicted of a series of sexual assaults in Orlando, Florida. gbriseno2 https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725604215 Another great example of how DNA testing and evidence is used in various situations. Sexual predators and other crime seekers are accurately being considered to this day. ]]> 2023-09-29 05:35:48 UTC https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725604215 1991 Walsh Automation Inc., in Montreal, launched development of an automated imaging system called the IntegratedBallistics Identification System, or IBIS, for comparison of the marks left on fired bullets, cartridge cases, and shell casings. This system was subsequently developed for the U.S. market in collaboration with the Bureau of Alcohol,Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF). gbriseno2 https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725604761 The imaging system is especially important in regards to identification. Without this, people would not be found with Accuracy. ]]> 2023-09-29 05:36:53 UTC https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725604761 1996 The FBI introduced computerized searches of the AFIS fingerprint database. Live scan and card scan devices allowedi nterdepartmental submissions. gbriseno2 https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725605284 A database made it so much easier to find and identify people. Searches can filter out unneeded things in investigation. ]]> 2023-09-29 05:37:44 UTC https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725605284 1999 A Memorandum of Understanding is signed between the FBI and ATF, allowing the use of the National IntegratedBallistics Network (NIBIN), to facilitate exchange of firearms data between Drugfire and IBIS. gbriseno2 https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725606718 The NIBIN has allowed for protected information to be observed between many departments of defense . These systems are being used and updated to this day. ]]> 2023-09-29 05:39:19 UTC https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725606718 2023 Improving bloodstain pattern analysis with fluid dynamics. Secondary atomization can redirect blood droplets, misleading crime scene investigators gbriseno2 https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725611724 Size of drops could help see who and what caused a crime. This helps with distinguishing patterns and further investigation. ]]> 2023-09-29 05:47:42 UTC https://padlet.com/gbriseno2/heb8odpnj36ru2bz/wish/2725611724