Promoting health and preventing ill health by

Give examples of health inequities and inequalities

topai02 — 2020-09-30 17:03:02 UTC

Socio-economic
Employment: low income leads to poor housing and poor access to healthy food and good care, availability of treatment, quality and experience of care (level of patient satisfaction).
People with lower levels of education have a higher risk of suffering from certain illnesses than those with a high level of education age.
Tuberculosis is known as a disease of poverty.

Geography
People living in deprived areas face the worst health inequalities in relation to health access. It can be regional or whether urban or rural.
People in some countries live longer and are in better health.
Some people will experience high exposure to pollution (air, grime or other environmental problems; and noise) that will affect their health.

Protected people in law for their specific characteristics
LGBT, ethnicity or disability might experience discrimination on the care received.
Life expectancy is in average shorter for different gender or people with learning disabilities.

Socially excluded groups
people experiencing homelessness, travellers...

https://www.who.int/features/factfiles/health_inequities/en/

What conditions contribute to inequities and inequalities in health?

topai02 — 2020-09-30 17:11:27 UTC

Poor health and poverty tend to go hand-in-hand.

Health Inequalities

Causes of health inequalities; Work, Education, Good quality housing, Low income, Poor housing, Discrimination, Access to health service

The WHO Health Equity Status Report indicates that 90% of health inequalities can be explained by financial insecurity, poor quality housing and neighborhood environment, social exclusion, and lack of decent work and poor working conditions

Health Inequities

Distribution of health resources between different population groups

Arise from social, economic, environmental, and structural disparities that contribute to inter-group differences in health outcomes both within and between societies. (Baciu, Negussie, Geller et al (2017)

Healthy inequities arise from policy, law, governance, culture, race, ethnicity, gender or gender identity, class, sexual orientation

The lower an individual’s socio-economic position, the higher their risk of poor health.

https://www.who.int/features/factfiles/health_inequities/en/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425845/

Why should nurses be aware of inequalities or inequities in health

topai02 — 2020-09-30 17:23:38 UTC

Nurses have an understanding of the health inequalities that can occur, and their causes. This knowledge will enable nurses to address the challenges that health inequalities can create in nursing practice

Nurses can successfully identify and address the health inequalities that they encounter in their practice, thus enabling a holistic approach to patient care

What can nurses do to reduce inequalities or inequities in health

topai02 — 2020-09-30 17:25:43 UTC

Dyson and McAllister (2019) advocated that nurses should prepare themselves and the future nurses for vital roles. Such as;

- Advocating for public health,

- Early intervention in primary care

- Monitoring the fairness of healthcare services to reduce inequalities.

Nurses as health educators;

- Need to be equipped with the technical and psychosocial skills as well as political knowledge to engage and advocate on patients behalf (Dyson and McAllister, 2019).

- Nurses should care for people according to their needs, not the care they can afford; therefore, both the rich and poor can receive the care they need to live a long and healthy life (Cookson, 2016).

Cookson R (2016) Health Equity Indicators for the NHS, presented at maximising the impact of the NHS in tackling health inequalities, London, 2016.

Dyson, S. and McAllister, M. (Eds.) (2019) Routledge International Handbook of Nurse Education. Abingdon: Routledge

How to support student nurses to address health inequalities or inequities

topai02 — 2020-09-30 17:27:29 UTC

The Role of Education

Teaching about the issues, causes, and strategies to identify and tackle health inequalities or inequities
Social and health inequalities to be addressed in the nursing curriculum
Opportunity to learn about the relationship between health and homelessness.
Homeless Health in the Curriculum: improve their curricula and approaches to teaching homeless and inclusion health, which had a demonstrable impact.

Nurse Education in Practice 47 (2020) 102849 (Let us be unequivocal about social justice in nursing) https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/nurse-education-in-practice

What is inequality and inequity in health?

topai02 — 2020-10-01 16:01:28 UTC

Health inequities are avoidable, unfair and systematic differences in health between different group of people. Inequalities constitute inequities.

“Inequity and inequality: these terms are sometimes confused, but are not interchangeable, inequity refers to unfair, avoidable differences arising from poor governance, corruption or cultural exclusion while inequality simply refers to the uneven distribution of health or health resources as a result of genetic or other factors or the lack of resources.”

(Source: https://globalhealtheurope.org/values/inequity-and-inequality-in-health/) http://www.healthscotland.scot/health-inequalities/what-are-health-inequalities