Abdus Salam by Wendy Lam https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72 en-us 2023-10-13 15:32:19 UTC 2023-10-16 19:08:38 UTC hello@padlet.com Abdus Salam klam25_ https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745399992 2023-10-13 15:34:50 UTC https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745399992 Pakistani theoretical physicist klam25_ https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745403394 2023-10-13 15:37:40 UTC https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745403394 He was born in 1926 in Jhang, a small town in what is today Pakistan. He died on 21 November 1996 at the age of 70 in Oxford, England, from progressive supranuclear palsy. klam25_ https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745712481 2023-10-13 22:02:50 UTC https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745712481 Know for klam25_ https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745713088
  • The electroweak theory
  • The Pati–Salam model
  • Grand Unified Theory
    • ]]>     2023-10-13 22:04:50 UTC https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745713088     Abdus Salam shared the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physics with Steven Weinberg and Sheldon Glashow. klam25_ https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745714201 2023-10-13 22:08:04 UTC https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745714201 Worked on klam25_ https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745714947 Particle physics]]> 2023-10-13 22:10:05 UTC https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745714947 Family situation klam25_ https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745715825
  •  His father was an official in the Department of Education in a poor farming district. 
  • His family has a long tradition of piety and learning. 
  • His grandfather was a physician and a religious scholar. 
  • His father recognized Abdus Salam’s academic potential and made sure he had every educational opportunity possible. 

    • ]]>     2023-10-13 22:12:11 UTC https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745715825     St. John’s College, Cambridge klam25_ https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745716278
  • He took a BA (honors) with a double First in mathematics and physics in 1949 in St. John’s College, Cambridge.
  • He received his Ph. D. in theoretical physics in 1952. 
    • ]]>     2023-10-13 22:13:32 UTC https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745716278     Government College at Lahore klam25_ https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745716636 He attended the Government College at Lahore in 1943. And focused on mathematics and physics. He graduated with a Master’s degree in Mathematics in 1946.]]> 2023-10-13 22:14:35 UTC https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745716636 Marriage klam25_ https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745720568
  • He married twice. 
  • He first married Hafiza and gave birth to their daughters Aziza, Asifa, Bushra, and their son Ahmad. 
  • Later, he married Louise Johnson in 1968, which is a concurrent second marriage allowed by Islam. They gave birth to their son Umar and their daughter Sayyeda
    • ]]>     2023-10-13 22:26:13 UTC https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745720568     Personality klam25_ https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745720832
  • He loved Pakistan and was frustrated about not being able to do much for his motherland. 
  • He was charismatic and had the personality to attract people. 
  • “He had enormous charisma; he had a magnetic personality because of which these people are still there at the International Centre for Theoretical Physics [ICTP],” states Vandal.

    • ]]>     2023-10-13 22:27:03 UTC https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745720832     Theoretical Physics klam25_ https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745721591
  •  A field of physics that uses mathematics, calculations, chemistry, biology, and a series of theories to understand the complex workings of the universe and the interactions between matter and energy.
  • Unlike the other scientific fields, the formula or explanation of theoretical physics is hard to prove through physical experiments.
  • Theoretical physics began at least 2,300 years ago, under the Pre-socratic philosophy, and continued by Plato and Aristotle.

    • ]]>     2023-10-13 22:29:16 UTC https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745721591     Other scientists who have worked in this field klam25_ https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745721997
    1. Hendrik Lorentz - electron theory
    2. Hans Bethe - theories of electrons in crystals
    ]]>     2023-10-13 22:30:33 UTC https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745721997     Example of Theoretical Physics: Quantum Mechanics klam25_ https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745723284 It is a fundamental theory in physics that describes the behavior of nature at the scale of atoms and subatomic particles.]]> 2023-10-13 22:34:56 UTC https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745723284 Quantum Physics Scientists klam25_ https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745723597
  • Albert Einstein 
  • John Clauser 
  • Alain Aspect 
  • Anton Zeilinger
    • ]]>     2023-10-13 22:35:59 UTC https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745723597     Electroweak theory klam25_ https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745724513
  • Abdus Salam's most famous work
  • He shared the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physics with Steven Weinberg and Sheldon Glashow.
  • In the electroweak theory, he unified two forces (the weak nuclear force and electromagnetism) which he believed are essential two forms of the same force, and proved that they have the same structure from a mathematical point of view, which is a big and difficult task at that time.

    • ]]>     2023-10-13 22:38:56 UTC https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745724513     klam25_ https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745724702 His discovery provided the first reliable estimate of the masses of the W and Z particles. His discoveries led to many results and scientific predictions. ]]> 2023-10-13 22:39:33 UTC https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745724702 The Pati–Salam model klam25_ https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745728206
  • The Pati–Salam model is a Grand Unified Theory (GUT) proposed in 1974 by Abdus Salam and Jogesh Pati
  • It is a grand unified theory that unifies the strong and electroweak forces in a single framework. 
    • ]]>     2023-10-13 22:51:27 UTC https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745728206     Other contributions klam25_ https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745731191
  • Supersymmetry theory, in the particular formulation of Superspace and formalism of superfields in 1974.
  • The idea of supermanifolds, as a geometrical framework for understanding supersymmetry, in 1974.
  • Supergeometry, the geometric basis for supersymmetry, in 1974.
  • Application of the Higgs mechanism to 'electroweak symmetry breaking.
  • Prediction of the magnetic photon in 1966.
  • With his student, Riazuddin, Salam made essential contributions to the modern theory of neutrinos, neutron stars, and black holes and modernized quantum mechanics and quantum field theory.
  • And more...
    • ]]>     2023-10-13 23:01:53 UTC https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745731191     Other klam25_ https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745731469 - Salam's achievement was not honored in Pakistan until 2016 due to religious factors(belonging to a minority religion). 
    - He left Pakistan in 1974 when the Pakistani legislature enacted a constitutional amendment declaring the Ahmadis to be non-Muslims.]]>     2023-10-13 23:03:01 UTC https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745731469     Abdus Salam also made a lot of contributions to education and the development of Science klam25_ https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745732020
  • He teached Mathematics at the Government College University (1951-1954)
  • He went to St. John’s College Lahore in 1954, where he served as a professor for the next three years. 
  • He served as a scientific advisor of the Pakistan government to help Pakistan develop its nuclear capacity for peaceful purposes.
  • He founded the International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) in 1964, at Trieste, Italy.
  • He established the Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Research and Technology in 1965. 
  • Salam founded the International Nathiagali Science College (INSC), in 1975, Pakistan.
  • Since 1957 he has been Professor of Theoretical Physics at Imperial College, London.

    • ]]>     2023-10-13 23:05:01 UTC https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2745732020     Particle Physics klam25_ https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2749182638 1. a field of physics that studies particles and forces that constitute matter and radiation. 
    2. The idea that all matter is made of particles can date back in 6th century BC. ]]>     2023-10-16 16:31:37 UTC https://padlet.com/klam25_/h8p0d4d7ru6iim72/wish/2749182638