Learning Disorders And Their Relation To The Nervous System by mari4181 mari4181

Dyscalculia

mari4181 — 2024-04-25 17:16:26 UTC

A learning ability which affects the processing of numerates. This would be a hypocoherent learning disability. On top of this, people with Dyscalculia have been observed to have lower quantities of gray matter.

ADHD

mari4181 — 2024-04-25 17:25:18 UTC

ADHD is a hypercoherent learning disorder. People with ADHD have difficulties with paying attention and controlling impulsive behaviours. The extra connections associated with ADHD are mostly in the brain's gray matter.

Learning Disabilities: Hypocoherence

mari4181 — 2024-04-25 17:28:32 UTC

Learning disabilities are caused by abnormalities within the brain. The abnormality tends to be hypocoherence or hypercoherence.

Hypocoherence in the brain is the phenomenon that describes lack of communication within the brain. Usually, all parts of the brain have areas where they work together to process information. These areas are where axons(refer to picture) deliver information to neurons via the synapse(picture on next slide).

With the case of hypocoherence, the subject would have a specific learning disorder(SLD). Examples of SLD consist of dyslexia(difficulties with word/language processing, anarithmia(difficulties with counting), dysgraphia(difficulties with writing), etc.

Phonologic Dyslexia, Surface Dyslexia, and Dyslexia

mari4181 — 2024-04-25 17:35:44 UTC

Phonologic Dyslexia is difficulty in processing non-word reading (numbers, symbols, etc). Surface Dyslexia is difficulty processing words by exception(some come easy, some come hard). Dyslexia is difficulty with word processing(misspelling, mispronouncing, etc). All of these are hypocoherent learning disabilities. The lack of connections occur in the temporal lobe, as well as in the occipital lobe.

Dysgraphia

mari4181 — 2024-04-25 17:36:13 UTC

Dysgraphia points to issues with writing and language coherency. Dysgraphia is hypocoherent. Subjects with dysgraphia usually find their shortcoming of connections in the parietal lobe.

Ageometria

mari4181 — 2024-04-25 17:36:43 UTC

This learning disability highlights the difficulty the subject would have with mathematics. This would be a hypocoherent learning disability.

Anarithmia

mari4181 — 2024-04-25 17:36:56 UTC

This is when the subject has a difficulty with counting. It is a hypocoherent learning disorder.

Anomic Aphasia

mari4181 — 2024-04-25 17:37:24 UTC

Anomic Aphasia means the subject has difficulty with recognizing and finding words. This would be a hypocoherent learning disorder. The lack of connected points to the parietal lobe, specifically the left one.

Introduction

mari4181 — 2024-04-25 17:38:48 UTC

The brain is one of the most important organs in the body. Everything we do is directly connected to our brains; It processes information and responds in kind. The brain has areas that are dedicated to processing different types of information. The front of the brain is the frontal lobe. The sides of the brain make up the temporal lobe. The top-middle of the brain is the parietal lobe. The back of the main form has the occipital lobe. The bulb below the occipital lobe is the cerebellum. The cerebellum leads to the medulla and spinal cord.

Autism Spectrum Disorder

mari4181 — 2024-04-25 17:40:22 UTC

This encapsulates a wide variety of difficulties, but autism in general is a hypercoherent learning disability.

OCD

mari4181 — 2024-04-25 17:59:03 UTC

OCD is a hypercoherent learning disorder. OCD causes the subject to have unwanted patterns in their behaviour, and causes unwanted thoughts. Like ADHD, the over-connections occur in the brain's gray matter.

Learning Disabilities: Hypercoherence

mari4181 — 2024-05-01 15:59:14 UTC

Hypercoherence is the opposite of hypocoherence. Instead of there being too little communication among the brain's sectors, there is too much communication. This usually points to the brain being larger in size when compared to the typical size. This is usually a symptom of the brain of a baby, which is twice as big of that of an adult's, shrinking less than the median as they grow older.

Hypercoherence leads to the subject landing of the autism spectrum. Hypercoherance also occurs in the brains of subjects with OCD, ADHD, etc.

References

mari4181 — 2024-05-01 16:32:48 UTC

References

(2017, November 9). YouTube: Home. Retrieved May 1, 2024, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/anarithmia

,. (2024, March 5). , - YouTube. Retrieved May 1, 2024, from https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/surface-dyslexia

Brain Development: Neuro-Behavioral Perspectives in Developmental Disabilities. (n.d.). Intellectual Disability and Health. Retrieved May 1, 2024, from https://www.intellectualdisability.info/physical-health/articles/brain-development-neuro-behavioral-perspectives-in-developmental-disabilities

Drigas, A. (n.d.). (PDF) The importance of working memory in children with Dyscalculia and Ageometria. ResearchGate. Retrieved May 1, 2024, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/354950645_The_importance_of_working_memory_in_children_with_Dyscalculia_and_Ageometria

Dysgraphia: What It Is, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment. (2022, June 15). Cleveland Clinic. Retrieved May 1, 2024, from https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23294-dysgraphia

Kumar, K. (2023, November 20). Unveiling the Neurobiology of Specific Learning Disorders: Insights from Cognitive Neuroscience. NCBI. Retrieved May 1, 2024, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10662270/

Learn About Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) | CDC. (2023). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved May 1, 2024, from https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/index.html

Luna, R. E. (n.d.). Psychiatry.org - What Are Specific Learning Disorders? American Psychiatric Association. Retrieved May 1, 2024, from https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/specific-learning-disorder/what-is-specific-learning-disorder

NeuroGrove. (n.d.). Learning Difficulties – NeuroGrove. NeuroGrove. Retrieved May 1, 2024, from https://neurogrove.com/learningdifficulties/

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) - Symptoms and causes. (2023, December 21). Mayo Clinic. Retrieved May 1, 2024, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/obsessive-compulsive-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20354432

Persistent Differences in Brain Structure in Developmental Dyscalculia: A Longitudinal Morphometry Study. (2020, June 16). Frontiers. Retrieved May 1, 2024, from https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2020.00272/full

Signs and Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorders | CDC. (2022). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved May 1, 2024, from https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/signs.html

Sulkes, S. B. (n.d.). Overview of Learning Disorders - Pediatrics - Merck Manual Professional Edition. Merck Manuals. Retrieved May 1, 2024, from https://www.merckmanuals.com/en-ca/professional/pediatrics/learning-and-developmental-disorders/overview-of-learning-disorders

What is Aphasia? | Lingraphica. (2024). What is Aphasia? | Lingraphica. Retrieved May 1, 2024, from https://www.aphasia.com/aphasia-library/aphasia-types/anomic-aphasia/

Briefing On The Brain

mari4181 — 2024-05-04 02:04:31 UTC

The wrinkles on the brain are called gray matter. It's propose is to allow the brain the ability to process, learn, and increase the brains intelligence. The frontal lobe allows us to think, process, decide, and form personality. The temporal lobes propose is sound processing.

Briefing On The Brain

mari4181 — 2024-05-04 02:10:47 UTC

The parietal lobe assists in the processing of sensations. The occipital lobe processes sight. The cerebellum stores muscle memory, meaning things like walking, breathing, blinking, etc. The medulla manages your heart.

What Is A Learning Disorder?

mari4181 — 2024-05-04 02:40:21 UTC

Learning disorders, in my understanding based on the research that was conducted for this project, are forms of neurodivergence. Neurodivergence is the term used to describe subjects whose brains function differently from the norm. Neurodivergence is not a sickness, so it does not have a cure. Subjects with learning disorders find the processing of different variety of subjects more difficult than a neurotypical person would.

Subjects with learning disorders require more time on subjects to fully understand them. This is how subjects with earning disorders train themselves to align better with the level of learning that they are expected to be at.