Andrew Kim/Honors Biology Vocab

andy960527 — 2014-02-07 03:05:09 UTC

Ch. 10 Vocab

crossing over - exchange of chromosomal segments between a pair of homologous chromosome during prophase I of meiosis.
diploid - a cell with 2 copies of each chromosome.
gamete - a haploid sex cell, formed during meiosis, that can combine with another haploid sex cell and produce a diploid fertilized egg.
gene - functional unit that controls inherited trait expression that is passed on from one generation to another generation.
haploid - a cell with half the number of chromosomes as a diploid.
homologous chromosome - one of two paired chromosomes, one from each parent, that carries genes for a specific trait at the same location.
allele - alternative form that a single gene may have for a trait.
genotype - an organism's allele pairs.
heterozygous - organism with two different alleles for a specific trait.
homozygous - organism with two of the same alleles for a specific trait.
law of independent assortment - Mendelian law stating that random distribution of alleles occurs during the formation of gametes.
law of segregation - Mendelian law stating that two alleles for each trait separate during meiosis.
phenotype - observable characteristic that is expressed as a result of an allele pair.
genetic recombination - a new combination of genes produced by crossing over and independent assortment.
polyploidy - having one or more extra sets of all chromosomes, which, in polyploid plants, can often result in greater size and better growth and survival.

Pictures of Haploid and Diploid cells.

andy960527 — 2014-02-07 04:54:09 UTC

Picture of Chromosomes crossing over.

andy960527 — 2014-02-07 04:57:00 UTC

Honors Biology Vocab/Andrew Kim by

Andrew Kim/Honors Biology Vocab

Pictures of Haploid and Diploid cells.

Picture of Chromosomes crossing over.