Colombia declared independence from Spain. It marks the birth of the country.

Simón Bolívar’s troops defeated the Spanish. It secured Colombia’s independence.

Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Panama united. Key moment in Latin American unity.

The union broke apart. Colombia became a separate republic.

Civil war between liberals and conservatives. It devastated the country.

Panama separated with U.S. support. Colombia lost key territory.

Riots after Jorge Eliécer Gaitán’s assassination. It started decades of violence.

Bloody civil conflict between political parties. Over 200,000 people died.

A new democratic constitution was enacted. Strengthened human rights and democracy.