Nick and Luke by Luke L'Heureux

What was the Boston Massacre? (nick)

2023-10-23 19:45:40 UTC

Taking place in Boston Massachusetts, the Boston massacre was a fight between British troops and a mob on March 5, 1770 (Wallenfeldt).

Why did the Boston Massacre take place?

2023-10-23 19:46:52 UTC

The French were in great amounts of debt after the French and Indian war, which caused them to collect duties in the colonies that were part of the Townshend Acts. The Parliament taxed glass, paint, tea, and paper, which angered the colonists and caused them to boycott the goods that were taxed and harass officials (Wallenfeldt).

What was the British response to harassment?

2023-10-23 19:51:10 UTC

In October 1768, the British sent in the 14th and 29th regiments of the army to Boston, which caused a rise in tensions between the colonists and Parliament (Wallenfeldt).

What happened during the Boston Massacre?

2023-10-23 19:54:28 UTC

On March 5, the soldiers hung up flyers around Boston that they were willing to defend themselves if needed. That same night, the people of Boston strolled the streets, and orchestrated an attack on the barrack of the 29th regiment and were driven back. The soldiers remained in their barracks as they had snowballs thrown at them, and the alarm bells rang out. The mob of 50-60 people had begun to focus on the single sentry that was defending the customs house, which resulted in Capt. Preston to arrive on the scene (Wallenfeldt).

What happened during the Boston Massacre continued...

2023-10-23 19:55:59 UTC

Capt. Preston and seven of his men walked through the crowd and attempted to break it up while the crowd taunted them, knowing they couldn’t shoot because of the Riot Act. An account from Tomas Preston stated that the crowd was ‘“striking their clubs or bludgeons one against another, and calling out “Come on you rascals, you bloody backs, you lobster scoundrels, fire if you dare, God damn you, fire and be damned, we know you dare not’(“Boston Massacre”). During the interaction with the crowd, one of the soldiers was bumped into, which caused him to become frightened and fire his weapon. The other soldiers thought they heard the word “fire” and started to fire their muskets, killing five people, one of which was Crispus Attucks, who was assumed to be a former slave (Wallenfeldt).

Captain Preston

2023-10-23 19:58:19 UTC

A military officer on the British side during the Boston Massacre

How did the Boston Massacre result in the Revolutionary War?

2023-10-23 20:00:14 UTC

Out of the soldiers and Capt. Preston, two of the soldiers were convicted for manslaughter. The Boston Massacre led to the start of the Revolutionary War because the Royal Governor decided to remove the troops from Boston, and colonists started to rebel against the British (Wallenfeldt).

What was the Boston Tea Party/Tea Act? (nick)

2023-10-23 20:01:40 UTC

An event that took place on December 16, 1773, when American patriots impersonating Mohawk Indians stormed British ships and threw overboard 342 chests of tea owned by the East India Company(“Boston Tea Party”).

2023-10-23 20:03:06 UTC

Why did the Boston Tea Party take place?

2023-10-23 20:04:59 UTC

The Americans were opposing both the monopoly of the East India Company and the tax on tea. The British received tons of heat and resistance from the Townshend Acts passed in 1767 that they had to repeal them in 1770, but left the tax on tea. Even with the tax on tea still in place, it was avoided by the merchants in Boston due to the fact that they would get it from Dutch Traders (“Boston Tea Party”).

What was the Tea Act?

2023-10-23 20:06:07 UTC

An act that was passed in 1773 that was meant to help the East India Company by giving it a monopoly on tea shipped into the colonies, a bypass on the exportation tax on tea, and a refund on taxes owed on specific surplus amounts of tea in its ownership. All tea had to be carried on East India Companies’ ships and was distributed through its own workers, taking away work from merchants and colonial shippers (“Boston Tea Party”).

What happened during the Boston Tea Party?

2023-10-23 20:07:02 UTC

The colonial merchants were fed up with the idea that they could only buy tea from the East India Company, which resulted in them joining forces with Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty (“Tea Act”). Tea Agents canceled tea orders in the cities New York, Charleston, and Charleston, but Thomas Hutchinson, the governor of Boston, decided to support the law. Hutchinson made sure that the ships the Dartmoth, Beaver, and the Eleanor delivered their goods, and on December 16, 1763, the ships were raided.

What happened during the Boston Tea Party continued...

2023-10-23 20:09:04 UTC

According to a newspaper printed by the Boston Gazette on December 20, 1773, the ships were raided by a group of people “in less than four hours, [and they] emptied every chest of tea on board the three ships …”(DOCUMENTS…). At night, a large group of around sixty people who were fueled by a mob of Bostonians stormed the ships dressed in Mohawk Indian headdresses and other Indian attire, throwing over today’s equivalent of $1,700,000 in tea (“Boston Tea Party”).

How did the Boston Tea Party led to the Revolutionary War?

2023-10-23 20:11:26 UTC

After the Boston Tea Party the Parliament established the Intolerable Acts, incorporating the Boston Port Bill, which closed down Boston’s sea trade while they waited for their money back from the lost tea. This ultimately resulted in the colonists becoming angry, and helped push the colonies toward rebellion and war (“Boston Tea Party”).

What were the Intolerable Acts/why they were enacted? (nick)

2023-10-23 20:14:08 UTC

The Intolerable Acts were a set of four acts created in 1774 to punish the colonies for their acts of resistance against the Parliament. The four acts were established to punish Britain for the events that took place during the Boston Tea Party (“Intolerable Acts”).

What was the Boston Port Act?

2023-10-23 20:15:53 UTC

The British passed the Boston Port Bill because they were infuriated after the Boston Tea Party. The Boston Port Act closed Boston’s harbor until the money lost from the Tea thrown over the ships was paid back. A newspaper article published in 1774 following the shut down of the Boston Harbor stated that the Bill was enacted for “the better regulating the Government of the Province of the Maffachufetts Bay in North America” (“The following…”). The point of the Boston Port Bill was to punish the people of Massachusetts for their act of rebellion (“Intolerable Acts”).

What was the Massachusetts of Justice Act?

2023-10-23 20:17:45 UTC

This act repealed the colony's charter of 1691, and increased the power of the military Governor Thomas Gage by turning the colony into a crown level one. It also changed the Massachusetts colonies elective council into an appointive one, and disallowed town meetings if there wasn’t consent to have one (“Intolerable Acts”).

What was the Administration of Justice Act?

2023-10-23 20:19:55 UTC

This was an act that allowed British officials to go to England or a different colony for a trial in order to save them from being convicted of capital offenses (“Intolerable Acts”).

What was the Quartering Act?

2023-10-23 20:21:21 UTC

This was an act passed on June 2, 1774, that included all of British America, and gave colonial Governors the power to order buildings occupied by small numbers of people to shelter British troops (“Intolerable Acts”).

How did the Intolerable Acts lead to the Revolutionary War?

2023-10-23 20:23:27 UTC

The Intolerable Acts were passed to discipline the colonies and show them that the Parliament was in complete power. The Parliament thought they were doing a good thing by punishing the colonies, but these acts ended up angering the colonists even more and caused the American Revolution (“Intolerable Acts”).

Stamp Act/Townshend Acts / Declaratory Act:

llheureux26_1_1 — 2023-10-25 01:15:14 UTC

What was the Stamp Act?

llheureux26_1_1 — 2023-10-25 01:17:54 UTC

An act that went into place on March 22, 1765. The first attempt from the British to get extra money from the colonies buy taxation of all colonial commercial and legal papers, newspapers, pamphlets, cards, almanacs, and dice. The British needed to get funds so they could protect settlers in the Ohio Valley from the natives. Post-French-Indian war debts also needed to be paid off. (Britannica academic)

What were the effects?

llheureux26_1_1 — 2023-10-25 01:21:13 UTC

The Stamp Acts were heavily protested by the colonists. The colonists refused to pay, rioted, burned stamps and intimidated the stamp collectors. This also caused groups like the Sons of Liberty to form. (Britannica academic)

Who were the sons of liberty

llheureux26_1_1 — 2023-10-25 01:23:51 UTC

Founded by Sam Adams. They opposed the Stamp Act. They destroyed any stamps they saw. They tarred and feathered the tax collectors. They sacked the homes and warehouses of the wealthy people who believed in royal rulers. They argued they didn’t consent to the taxes, and they couldn’t be taxed without consent. John Adams wrote to parliament, "We have always understood it to be a grand and fundamental principle of the constitution that no freeman should be subject to any tax to which he has not given his own consent, in person or by proxy."(John adams)

What was the Townshend act? What was the declaratory act?

llheureux26_1_1 — 2023-10-25 01:33:56 UTC

The Townshend Act allowed England to directly rule over the colonies. They suspended the representative assembly of the colonies. They were in response to the Stamp Acts being trashed by the colonists. It taxed lead, glass, paper, paint, and tea.
The declaratory act revoked the Stamp Act. Gave the British Parliament the power to tax the colonies whenever they wanted.

Lexington & Concord

llheureux26_1_1 — 2023-10-25 01:52:15 UTC

They were skirmishes that marked the beginning of the American Revolution. It was Minutemen vs. British soldiers. 700 British soldiers tried to march to Concord to destroy and confiscate the weapons and arms from the colonist’s militia.
The minutemen were warned that there were British soldiers on their way to Concord. Hundreds of minutemen assembled to stop the British from taking and destroying supplies. The British came face to face with 70 minutemen at Concord, and Someone shot. Nobody knows which side fired the first shot, but there was fierce fighting. As shown on the service map from the late 1700s(East Mass Map), the Minutemen fell back to Concord and assembled more Minutemen. The Colonists defeated the British and sent them back to Boston, following and attacking them on the way. The British suffered 273, and the minutemen suffered 95 casualties. (Britannica academic)

Effects/Olive branch Petition

llheureux26_1_1 — 2023-10-25 01:54:05 UTC

Massachusetts unofficially went to war with Britain. There was a vote in July with the Continental Congress. They voted to send an Olive branch(an apology letter) to the King of England, in an effort to salvage their relationship with Britain. The king rejected the Olive Branch and said he was going to arrest and kill all of the members of Congress. (Britannica Academic)

How the revolutionary war started.

llheureux26_1_1 — 2023-10-25 02:12:49 UTC

There are many events that led up to the Revolutionary War. Such as the Stamp Act's refusal from the colonists. That created anger between both sides. The Boston Massacre was another key event that made colonists angry at the British. Sending troops to America made the colonists feel unsafe and without privacy through the Quartering Acts. The battles of Lexington and Concord were the first real shots fired between the two sides, and that is really what showed the colonies were in full rebellion.

Declaration of Independence

llheureux26_1_1 — 2023-10-25 02:26:14 UTC

On June 7, 1776, Richard Henry Lee introduced a motion in Congress to declare independence. Other members of Congress agreed but thought some colonies were not quite ready. However, Congress did form a committee to draft a Declaration of Independence and assigned this duty to Thomas Jefferson. "it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands that have connected them with
another(Declaration of independence)." They officially parted ways with the British. (U.S Gov)

Works Cited

2023-10-25 02:58:06 UTC