Established by Octavian/Agustus, succeeding the Republic of Rome. At its height, the Roman Empire spanned a huge amount of Europe, including the entirety of the Mediterranean. Despite it's power, the empire fell into instability and the western section was destroyed in 476.

Laws carved into a stele about a variety of ideas to establish order.

Gunpowder Empire

Golden Age of Islam

The Maya were a people inhabiting Mesoamerica, amongst their achievements included their great pyramids and large cities. While their civilization underwent sweeping changes throughout the years, they persisted from around 2000 BCE to 1697, when their last city, Nojpetén was taken by the Spanish.

Tenochtitlan, the to be capital of the Aztec Empire was founded in 1325. However, the Aztec Empire would be founded over 100 years later in 1428. The Aztec Empire persisted for nearly 200 years becoming a dominant power in Mesoamerica and building Tenochtitlan into a great city. In 1521, Spanish conquistadors under Hernán Cortés defeated the Aztecs and brought an end to their civilization.

NOTE: ZOOM OUT

geographical - already organized by geography on the sides. Major migration events are classified as "social'

political - red (includes dynasties and empires)

economic - yellow

religious - green

social - blue

intellectual - purple

artistic - white, w/ an image depicting the art

In the 4th century, Rome was split into East and West, following the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century, the remaining Eastern Roman Empire would become the Byzantine Empire. The Byzantine Empire, through most of its lifespan, would be a powerhouse in Europe and a "cradle of Christianity." In 1453, the Byzantine capital of Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Empire.

Eventually, the voyages stopped due to a lack of sponsorship

Founded by Osman I, took control of Constantinople

The Toltecs were a Mesoamerican peoples who similar to many others, were known for stone statues and pyramids. Toltec culture had heavy influence on later Aztec culture.

In 1346, through trade routes, the Bubonic Plague was transferred from East Asia to Europe, resulting in a pandemic called the Black Death, which some estimate killed up to 50 million people, around half the European population. While the black death wasn't the first or last Bubonic Plague pandemic in Europe, its impact not only on Europe's population but also on social structure was massive.

The Kingdom of Axum was a civilization located around present-day Ethiopia. In the 4th century, Axum converted to Christianity, becoming a bastion of the religion in Africa.