2) Can those who work hard in today's grading system receive good grades?

3) Are standards based grading a good solution to both arguments?

O-Andrew Miller, THE CHRONICLE(CHAMPAIGNCENTRALNEWSPAPER)

POSTED ON APRIL 1, 2015

P-secondary source

V-the news(school news)

L-The limitations are: because that the view point is the student written news, we won't be able to understand standard based learning from the teachers' and parents' OPV.

Grading, when done without the pressure of competition or selective importance, can be an effective way to reflect a student's learning and development because they can fail and struggle without fear of punishment. 

P1:

-"For the importance of placement, if one can establish in a student the belief that one is testing not to grade and make invidious comparisons but for his own advantage, the student should normally seek his own level, where he is challenged yet capable, rather than try to get by" (Goodman, A Proposal to Abolish Grading)

P2:

-Summatives and formatives should not be distinguished:

-Selective importance puts a lot of stress on one assessment and then wastes the other: " incoming freshman and sophomores have to get use to a system that say homework doesn?t count...then subconsciously, the student would have the narrative to think why should they do homework if it doesn?t count." (Miller, The Pros and Cons of Standards Based Grading)

-Summatives and formatives should not be distinguished: "Precisely because summative assessments reflect so closely on teacher performance, many instructors are accused of ?teaching to the test.? In other words, if a state test is known to heavily favor anagrams or analogies, students may be asked to spend hours drilling those exercises instead of reading and writing to grow their vocabularies naturally....summative assessment is not always the most accurate reflection of learning." (Miller) 

Counterclaim:

- Some people may say "Teachers judges by what the students are able to do. Compared to traditional grading, standards-based grading classes show specific standards on what a student has or has not mastered. "(Miller) And while this is true...

Conclusion:

(Paraphrasing of Introduction with some added details)