Megan Mannelly: Genetic Project by Megan Mannelly https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf Down Syndrome en-us 2018-03-26 16:35:05 UTC 2018-03-28 23:02:58 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/icons/Doubleheart.png Genetic Causes of Down Syndrome 450700 https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf/wish/246176209 Down Syndrome is a chromosomal disorder caused when an error in cell division results in 21 chromosomes. Every cell in the body contains genes that are grouped along chromosomes in the cell's nucleus. There are normally 46 chromosomes in each cell, 23 from the mother and 23 from the father. When some or all of a person's cells have an extra full, or partial, copy of chromosome 21, the result is Down Syndrom.]]> 2018-03-26 16:38:27 UTC https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf/wish/246176209 Problems caused by Down Syndrome 450700 https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf/wish/246180414
  • Heart Disease. About half of children with Down syndrome have heart defects at birth. These defects may need early treatment to prevent heart failure.

    • Respiratory infections. Children with Down syndrome are prone to respiratory infections and persistent fluid in the middle ear. Some children also have an impaired immune system, which makes it hard for them to fight off infections. Respiratory infection can lead to serious problems, especially in children who also have heart defects.

    • Hearing, eye, and dental problems.                       Hearing problems can affect listening skills and language development. Eye problems can range from mild to severe.Gum disease (periodontal disease) is more common in people with Down syndrome, especially adults, than the general population.

    • Seizures. Although the cause is unknown, seizures occur more often in people who have Down syndrome than in the general population.

    • Sleep problems. Down syndrome causes some children to have sleep problems, such as sleep apnea or frequent waking and restlessness.

    • Digestive System problems. Constipation and intestinal blockages can develop because of poor muscle tone. Celiac disease, which is an inability to break down gluten protein, sometimes develops and requires a special diet.


    ]]>     2018-03-26 16:46:15 UTC https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf/wish/246180414     Video on Problems caused by Down Syndrome 450700 https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf/wish/246182240 2018-03-26 16:49:46 UTC https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf/wish/246182240 Advice on Coping 450700 https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf/wish/246182583 To cope with Down Syndrome, parents should know what it is, have a full grasp and understanding of Down Syndrom. The parents should also get in touch with other people who have kids with down syndrome, so they can help support them, in turn, the other parents can help support them.  Getting a theripist, doctor or speicalist would be good as well, if the child has problems that cannot be diagnosed by the parent. Parents should also prioritise communication, because many children with down syndrome want to communicate to their parents and friends. ]]> 2018-03-26 16:50:34 UTC https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf/wish/246182583 Genetic Counseling 450700 https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf/wish/247092900 What is Genetic Counseling?

    Genetic counseling is the process of:

    • evaluating family history and medical records
    • ordering genetic tests
    • evaluating the results of this investigation
    • helping parents understand and reach decisions about what to do next

    Genetic tests are done by analyzing small samples of blood or body tissues. They determine whether you, your partner, or your baby carry genes for certain inherited disorders.
    These tests identify the likelihood of passing certain genetic diseases or disorders (those caused by a defect in the genes — the tiny, DNA-containing units of heredity that determine the characteristics and functioning of the entire body) to your children.
    If your history suggests that genetic testing would be helpful, you may be referred to a genetic counselor. Or, you might decide to seek out genetic counseling yourself.



    ]]>     2018-03-28 22:12:02 UTC https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf/wish/247092900     450700 https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf/wish/247094866 2018-03-28 22:28:14 UTC https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf/wish/247094866 The Types of Down Syndrome 450700 https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf/wish/247095094 The three genetic variations include:

    • Trisomy 21– More than 90% of Down syndrome cases are caused by trisomy 21. An extra chromosome (chromosome 21) originates in the development of either the sperm or the egg. When the egg and the sperm unite to form the fertilized egg, three (rather than two) chromosomes 21 are present. As the cells divide the extra chromosome is repeated in every cell.

    • Mosaic Trisomy 21 – This is a rare form (less than 2% of cases) of Down syndrome. While similar to simple trisomy 21, the difference is that the extra chromosome 21 is present in some, but not all cells, of the individual. This type of Down syndrome is caused by abnormal cell division after fertilization. The name comes from a random order of normal and abnormal cells (a mosaic). In cellular mosaicism, the mixture can be seen in different cells of the same type; while with tissue mosaicism, one set of cells may have normal chromosomes and another type may have trisomy 21.

    • Translocation Trisomy 21-Sometimes (in 3-4% of cases) part of chromosome 21 becomes attached (translocated) to another chromosome (usually the 13th, 14th or 15th chromosome) before or at conception. The carrier (the one having the translocated chromosome) will have 45 chromosomes instead of 46 but they will have all the genetic material of a person with 46 chromosomes. This is because the extra chromosome 21 material is located on a different chromosome (the translocated one). A carrier will have the extra material but will have only one chromosome 21. The carrier will not exhibit any of the symptoms of Down syndrome because they have the correct amount of genetic material.
    ]]>     2018-03-28 22:30:19 UTC https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf/wish/247095094     The older the mother gets, the higher chance the child will have Down Syndrome 450700 https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf/wish/247095219 2018-03-28 22:31:17 UTC https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf/wish/247095219 Down Syndrome Symptoms 450700 https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf/wish/247096871 Physical:
    • Decreased or poor muscle tone
    • Short neck, with excess skin at the back of the neck
    • Flattened facial profile and nose
    • Small head, ears, and mouth
    • Upward slanting eyes, often with a skin fold that comes out from the upper eyelid and covers the inner corner of the eye
    • White spots on the colored part of the eye (called Brushfield spots)
    • Wide, short hands with short fingers
    • A single, deep, crease across the palm of the hand
    • A deep groove between the first and second toes

    Mental:
    • Short attention span
    • Poor judgment
    • Impulsive behavior
    • Slow learning
    • Delayed language and speech development

    ]]>     2018-03-28 22:46:19 UTC https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf/wish/247096871     Physical Symptoms: 450700 https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf/wish/247097137 2018-03-28 22:49:00 UTC https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf/wish/247097137 Resources: 450700 https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf/wish/247097388
    DS Network
    480-759-9150 • dsnetworkaz.org
    A supportive and collaborative network that connects individuals and families, provides resources and information and promotes greater general understanding of Down syndrome. Hosts several events throughout the year.


    GiGi’s Playhouse Down Syndrome Achievement Centers
    9160 E Shea Blvd #103B, Scottsdale
    480-451-7529 • gigisplayhouse.org
    Free customized educational and therapeutic programs for those with Down syndrome, from birth through adulthood.


    Sharing Down Syndrome Arizona
    480-926-6500 • sharingds.org
    Provides free New Parent Gift Packages that include books, DVDs and CDs about Down syndrome. Lending library, parent support groups, playgroups, newsletter, Angel Baby adoption information and social events.

    Websites:
    http://www.parentcenterhub.org/downsyndrome/

    http://cdss.ca/family-support/

    https://www.globaldownsyndrome.org/about-down-syndrome/resources/local-organizations/

    https://www.meriahnichols.com/book-resources-for-parents-of-people-with-down-syndrome/

    http://downsyndromeinfo.org/resources/parents/
    ]]>     2018-03-28 22:51:39 UTC https://padlet.com/450700/gqh1ff1eexwf/wish/247097388