my english padlet by Irene

Iceland

irenemcosma — 2023-01-21 08:46:20 UTC

Iceland is a small Nordic Island where 100% of the electricity comes from a renwable source.

irenemcosma — 2023-01-23 15:49:37 UTC

The combination of volcanic activity and very cold climate gave the island the name "Land of fire and ice"

irenemcosma — 2023-01-23 15:53:13 UTC

irenemcosma — 2023-01-23 16:08:37 UTC

Where does the heat come from?

irenemcosma — 2023-01-23 16:14:26 UTC

The surface of our planet is divided into sections of rock. 7 major plates form the continents

irenemcosma — 2023-01-23 16:22:46 UTC

the friction of the moving plates gives rise to magma, which releases heat that reaches the earth's surface.

The steam is used to produce energy

irenemcosma — 2023-01-23 16:41:55 UTC

In these, the steam is transformed into energy thanks to the rotor blades that move when the collected steam reaches the turbine, this rotation is then transformed into electricity. A turbine contains 45 MW that can serve 45.000 homes! In 2017 fossil fuels accounted for 63% of electricity generation in USA vs 0% in Iceland!

irenemcosma — 2023-01-23 17:00:06 UTC

but ther's a downside, in fact the magma contains CO2 and also hydrogen sulfide, but the plant makes about 3% of it would emit if it was run by fossil fuels

irenemcosma — 2023-01-23 17:21:35 UTC

they re-inject most of the gases into the rocks where it mineralizes, and forms other rocks

irenemcosma — 2023-01-23 17:31:39 UTC

There are ove 10.000 waterfalls of all shapes and sides throughout Iceland!

Gullfoss

irenemcosma — 2023-01-23 17:44:14 UTC

Gullfoss is one of the best known waterfalls in southwest Iceland, but there were plans of damming this. At the beginning of the 20th century, there was an Englishman who wanted to buy the land in order to dam it. His daughter worked so hard to protect this waterfall, to stop it from being an hydro plant.

irenemcosma — 2023-01-23 17:51:17 UTC

icelanders try to keep a balance between damming waterfalls for energy. Whit 10.000 waterfalls there are only 10 hydroelectric plants

How the hydropower process work?

irenemcosma — 2023-01-23 18:20:17 UTC

Now, we're going to see how the hydropower process works! Ljosafoss power station is one of the 15 hydropower station in Iceland. Turbines work in constant pressure, and that constant pressure is turned into power. The higher it falls down, the more you get out of it.

Laugarvatn

irenemcosma — 2023-01-26 18:07:47 UTC

in the south of Iceland, there is a pensinsula where a village called Laugarvatn is located. Here you can see the most active volcano in Iceland.In this place, there is a crazy traditional dish: baking bread under boiling sand !

What is democracy?

irenemcosma — 2023-12-12 18:48:38 UTC

Democracy is a system of government in which laws, policies, leadership are directly or indirectly decided by the “people” and it's also one of the fundamental principles of the United Nations. In a democratic government are respected the basic human rights, the freedom of the individual and the community with free elections by universal suffrage, in fact democracy is based on the fundamental principle of political equality and denying the vote right to women or to a minority is the way to go against the main principal of this form of government. For example, the citizenship rules in Estonia are framed in a way that the Russian ethnic minorities find it difficult to get their right to vote: this shows how the political equality, the respect of rights in many nations is still a dream. The freedom and the rights we enjoy today is the result of years of struggles, protests and sacrifice.

Magna Carta

irenemcosma — 2024-01-21 09:51:01 UTC

Magna Carta, charter of English liberties granted by King John on June 15, 1215, under threat of civil war and reissued, with alterations, in 1216, 1217, and 1225. By declaring the sovereign to be subject to the rule of law and documenting the liberties held by “free men,” the Magna Carta provided the foundation for individual rights in Anglo-American jurisprudence. The influence of the Magna Carta in England—and, later, in its colonies—had come not from the detailed expression of the feudal relationship between lord and subject but from the more-general clauses in which every generation could see its own protection. In England the Petition of Right in 1628 and the Habeas Corpus Act of 1679 looked directly back to clause 39 of the 1215 charter, which read:

"No free man shall be arrested or imprisoned or disseised or outlawed or exiled or in any way victimised, neither will we attack him or send anyone to attack him, except by the lawful judgment of his peers or by the law of the land."

In the 17th century, when England’s North American colonies were shaping their own fundamental laws, the words of the Magna Carta were worked into them. The basic rights embodied in the Constitution of the United States of America (1789) and the Bill of Rights (1791) echo the charter, and the Fourteenth Amendment (1868) can trace its ancestry to the Magna Carta as well.

Agenda 2030

irenemcosma — 2024-01-21 10:03:08 UTC

Signed on 25 September 2015 by the governments of the 193 Member Countries of the United Nations, the Agenda sets out 17 Sustainable Development Goals, SDGs, which are part of a broader programme of action consisting of 169 associated targets to be achieved in the environmental, economic, social and institutional domains by 2030. The objectives set for sustainable development have a global validity, concern and involve all countries and components of society. The 17 SDGs refer to a set of important development issues that take account of the three dimensions of sustainable development – economic, social and ecological – in a balanced way and aim to end poverty, fight against inequality, tackle climate change, and build peaceful societies that respect human rights. Each Country is evaluated annually at the UN through the work of the High-level Political Forum (HLPF).