Positive words, such as “peace” and “love,” can alter the expression of genes, strengthening areas in our frontal lobes and promoting the brain’s cognitive functioning. They propel the motivational centers of the brain into action, according to the authors, and build resiliency.

Conversely, hostile language can disrupt specific genes that play a key part in the production of neurochemicals that protect us from stress. Humans are hardwired to worry — part of our primal brains protecting us from threats to our survival — so our thoughts naturally go here first.

However, a single negative word can increase the activity in our amygdala (the fear center of the brain). This releases dozens of stress-producing hormones and neurotransmitters, which in turn interrupts our brains’ functioning. (This is especially with regard to logic, reason, and language.) “Angry words send alarm messages through the brain, and they partially shut down the logic-and-reasoning centers located in the frontal lobes,” write Newberg and Waldman.

P2: https://www.td.org/Publications/Blogs/Human-Capital-Blog/2013/07/How-Words-Affect-Our-Brains

Prime the brain with words

The University of Georgia is teaching lawyers how to use words to prepare clients for mediation. Harvard is studying the effect of using positive words or images, such as those related to rewards, victory, or security, at the start of a negotiation, rather than focusing on the items in dispute. This priming can trigger the production of oxytocin, the neurochemical that helps trigger feelings such as well-being, affinity, and security. Change management plans might be more effective if we are careful to prime our communications with positive images and emotions. Managers might choose words very carefully in performance reviews, recognizing that certain words will trigger a fight-or-flight response and shut down the higher cognitive functions in an employee’s brain. And since you are hearing yourself using these words, be mindful of the effect of your own words on your brain. You may be telling yourself a situation is a “problem” when you are trying to present that it simply is a puzzle that you expect to solve.

P3: https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/words-can-change-your-brain/201208/the-most-dangerous-word-in-the-world

The Power of Yes

When doctors and therapists teach patients to turn negative thoughts and worries into positive affirmations, the communication process improves and the patient regains self-control and confidence.[10] But there’s a problem: the brain barely responds to our positive words and thoughts.[11] They’re not a threat to our survival, so the brain doesn’t need to respond as rapidly as it does to negative thoughts and words. [12] 

To overcome this neural bias for negativity, we must repetitiously and consciously generate as many positive thoughts as we can. Barbara Fredrickson, one of the founders of Positive Psychology, discovered that if we need to generate at least three positive thoughts and feelings for each expression of negativity. If you express fewer than three, personal and business relationships are likely to fail. This finding correlates with Marcial Losada’s research with corporate teams,[13] and John Gottman’s research with marital couples.[14]

P4: http://enduringhopeministries.com/words-and-their-impact/

There are two types of word weaponry.  The first deals with “Receiving” words being released to us and the importance and the need to sometimes reject them.

For instance, my 11 year old, ecstatic that she cracked a sphere in a mineral naturalist reserve, excitedly told a good friend who promptly replied:  “well I did that in kindergarten”; or the time when she sent a photo to friend with a caption – Colorado is beautiful; and her friend replied: “Oh, not as beautiful as Alaska!”  Thankfully, Christina knows who she is in Christ, and doesn’t “Receive” those words as detrimental, but the lack of interest from her “friend” does hurt.

Or, how many times have you been in a situation because of the other person’s insecurities they speak hurtful words to you trying to cause you to feel insecure about yourself.  Whatever you “hear,” think before you respond!  Right at that instant, you have a choice.  Do I choose to receive those words or not…  God desires for us to stay in step with the Spirit.  He doesn’t want us responding out of anger, bitterness, resentment or retaliation.  You need to be prepared.   If you aren’t prepared, and thus react without thinking, you will undoubtedly feel rejection.  And REJECTION is a sure cause of INSECURITY.   Respond either verbally, or in your thoughts with truth.  If you are suited-up, and know you have right standing with God, you have some of His Word tucked in your heart.  You trust that He has your back, and you know without a doubt who is holding you up, then, and only then, can you respond confidently!

Hypothesis:

Method:

Materials:  

Right answer: Cup noodles 2. Do you remember “Sex in the City,” or “Sex and the City”?

Right answer: “Sex and the City”
3. In the Disney movie “Snow White,” do you remember the evil queen saying “Mirror mirror on the wall…” or “Magic mirror on the wall…?”

Right answer: “Magic mirror on the wall…”

Problem/ Interest:
Horror Movies

Purpose:
To prove if the stereotype of woman being more scared then men when watching horror films is true or not

Literature Review:
Psychology Of Horror
https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/3220
Video Games- Fear is Real
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/06/150629124506.htm
Genders Reaction To Fear
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1006662822224

Paragraph 1-  [Stats]
People "Love" Horror. Sociologists, Psychologists and several Movie Fanatics are trying to find the reason Horror movies attract men and women. Why do more men like them then woman? or vice versa, Why Does it attract us - http://filmmakeriq.com/lessons/the-psychology-of-scary-movies/
Studies show that Men lie more then women,and Lies are not usually to others but to themselves. Men say they are not scared but are they really??? When a woman is asked do they like horror most of the time the answer is "No I don't watch horror" or on occasions some answer "I am not scared of them" Thus a poll on fear toward Horror Movies won't make much a difference, considering people lie to themselves.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0747563201000590

Paragraph 2- [Scary?]
Most ratings are viewed in "Rotten Tomatoes" I came across scary movies as "The Older The Better" "Nosferatu" was up there, and "Nosferatu" is a silent Black and white film, But my guess that the reason to that is due to the oldness of the film the number of reviews is lower. But in my own opinion the horror movies I hear about more now are those from the 80's and 90's.
https://www.rottentomatoes.com/top/bestofrt/top_100_horror_movies/
A horror movie typically targets the general fears of the public, For example most horror movies take place in the dark, because most people have a fear of being in the dark. Not just darkness but several features, Movies look into this, the more fears they use and the more blended these are the more impact the movie is on an audience.
https://blogs.chapman.edu/wilkinson/2015/10/13/americas-top-fears-2015/
Paragraph 3- [Categories]

The actual term "Horror Movie" is quite well known, However there are several categories beneath "Horror" Such as "Animal Attack Horror" Similar to "Monster Horror" only that the monster exists in real life [Jaws] or "Alien Horror" Involving aliens [Alien] [Signs]

https://books.google.com/books?id=3AaGCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1&lpg=PA1&dq=horror+subgenres&source=bl&ots=VLDXkCHQWC&sig=BqXCMEXnYfgza5wNAAbWV7dliE0&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjGnIPQ4bDQAhXriFQKHYuTA584ChDoAQhDMAg#v=onepage&q=horror%20subgenres&f=false
There are much more Categories of horror movies, however there are too much to list.
Paragraph 4- [Fear (BP)]
Fear can be measured in different ways, such as (HR) Heart Rate, (SCL) Skin Conductance Level, and/or Behavior [Facial, Vocal, or Body behavior] Some measurements are more reliable than others.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2756702/#R26
Paragraph 5- [Psych Test]
In an experiment it is good to understand the subjects emotions pre-experiment and post-experiment. Thus PANAS was made, the measurement of positive or negative reactions to the situation. Below is the general description of a PANAS
http://psycnet.apa.org/psycinfo/1988-31508-001
An Example of a PANAS
http://booksite.elsevier.com/9780123745170/Chapter%203/Chapter_3_Worksheet_3.1.pdf
Hypothesis:
My Hypothesis is that gender does not impact the feeling of fear in an individual, however it is displayed differently for each gender.
Materials:
{NEED ASSISTANCE ON THIS!!!}
http://bja.oxfordjournals.org/content/105/3/264.short-Measure Blood Pressure from a distance
-Heart Rate [CHECK FIT BIT!!!]https://www.fitbit.com/purepulse
-A Night vision camera [Preferably easily concealed]
-Video Editing Software [Can Get This]
-Movement measurement device (People wiggle when scared)
-Thermometer Measurable from a distance (Hands) Maybe Something like this... https://www.temptraq.com/
-Horror Movie (Alien) [Have This]
-A place to watch the horror movie (Can Be used Multiple Times for unlimited time) [My house, School, Rent a public place out]

Procedure:
1. Distribute Contracts and questionnaires. Do not Mention what you are testing or what the movie is.
2. Pick participants, Do not use people with PTSD or Severe Phobias. Must be teenagers within a 16-18 Age limit.
3. With selected subjects have them fill out a PANAS.
4. Set up a hidden Night vision Camera facing the subjects seat. The seat should be located Around 6-7 feet from the TV. The Movie has to be show on a HD TV with Surround Sound or good speakers. Room should be comfortable to the subject, as to assure they will focus on the movie.
5. Sit the first subject down and apply the thermometer pad and put on the fit-bit properly.
6. Move to a nearby room, Do not reassure subject of being nearby.
7. Measure both using the App {TEMP'TRAQ} or Computer Application {FIT-BIT}
8. Start movie And record starting time. Keep application open for whole movie. And keep devices charged
9. At the end of the test record the data in a graph or if the application has a graph take a screen shot of the graph and save it.
10. Repeat Steps (3-9) for the remaining Male and Female test subjects. Only test one at a time. Repeat Step 4 only if the testing environment is dirty or changed from the previous subjects experiment.
11. Distribute the same PANAS.
12. Collect data and find the average [(Subject 1 +Subject 2 + Subject 3 + Subject 4 + Subject 5 + Subject 6) / 6 = Average] of all the subjects Heart Rate and Temperature at a Certain point of fear (Such as, an attack, Suspense, and or ETC.) this will be the controlled variable.
13. Then find the average of the females HR and Temperature [(Subject 1 + Subject 2 + Subject 3) / 3 = Average]
14. Repeat Step 12 instead to find the average for Males.
15. Repeat Steps (11-13) But with different points in the movie plot.
16. Graph the Averages
17. Compare The Differences in averages
18. Congrats! Your Done!

Method:
Prove that a focus is needed to include both genders in horror, thus avoiding the typical stereotypes of women in horror. Example: "Damsel in Distress", The "Dumb Blonde opens the door scenario", "Evil Seductress". If I can prove the differences in reactions to horror between men and women, I can convince that women can be interested, thus the stereotypes of a female in a horror movie can be eliminated, to show a character as not a female but a character. In which a character would do the same thing regardless of gender.

Data:

Conclusion:

Discussion:

Application:

Future Research:

Bibliography:

Notes: Men lie more than women...You think men are lying about being scared. General audience would be to men, so the overall purpose would be for men. Gender equality/military. 

RQ: Are men or women more affected physiologically by horror movies?

NOTE TO SELF: The control will be the measurement of personal resting temperature, movement, and heart rate for each person

ANOTHER NOTE: If a subject knows they are being tested the experiment will be inaccurate, Due to subjects changing their reactions.

Paragraph 1:
Heatwaves in the Ocean:
As the world's oceans continue to warm, marine heatwaves are likely to become more frequent and intense. Observations and model simulations also demonstrate that other factors such as ocean acidification and deoxygenation are putting additional stress on marine organisms and ecosystems.
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/09/160919131958.htm

Paragraph 2:
https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/marine_conservation.htm


Paragraph 3:
The effects on marine enviornments from humans such as pollution, invasive species, early migrations, extinction, ect.
http://sciencelearn.org.nz/Contexts/Life-in-the-Sea/Science-Ideas-and-Concepts/Human-impacts-on-marine-environments

Paragraph 4:
Articles further explaining the effects of pollution on not just the ecosystem but humans as well
http://www.bluevoice.org/ocean.php
Hypothesis/Engineering Goals:

Materials List/ Method/ Procedure:

Data:

Conclusion:

Discussion:

Applications:

Future Research: 

Bibliography:

Antibiotics. inhibits the grows of micro organisms
Toxins.poison substance
Regulation peptides.regulate some processes in organism (very broad usually only used when it cant be put into another category.
4. How do people measure the effectiveness of a peptide?http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/49/11/1749.full
Antibiotic sensitivity: Drug resistance and how well your drug works against it
 Kirby-Bauer (K-B) disk diffusion test:
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095177915300150
http://web.clark.edu/rrausch/biolabs/260/Mod9AntibioticsRev.pdf


Hypothesis:

Draft research question:
*Each year in the United States, at least 2 million people become infected with bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics and at least 23,000 people die each year as a direct result of these infections.
*rational policies for prescribing existing antibiotics plus strict infection control are the current mainstay efforts for preventing and combating multidrug-resistant bacterial infections.
*2011 national survey of infectious-disease specialists, conducted by the IDSA Emerging Infections Network, found that more than 60% of participants had seen a pan-resistant, untreatable bacterial infection within the prior year

* current consensus is that the mechanism is sufficiently different from conventional antibiotics that the development of resistance could be remote. Their broad spectrum activity, low potential to induce resistance and diverse functions make antimicrobial peptides an attractive family of compounds that have potential to be developed as therapeutics for treating certain infections
*Most are capable of rapidly killing a wide range of microbial cells
Question: How can we create antibiotics that bacteria hasn't built a resistance to.
http://www.nature.com/nrmicro/journal/v3/n3/abs/nrmicro1098.html
http://link.springer.com/article/10.2165/00063030-200317040-00002



Materials:
*micro-dilution plate
* commonly used antibiotics ex. Parenteral vancomycin, Ceftriaxone,  Vofloxacin
multichanelpipet /Micropipet tips
Broth
cationic peptides

Müller-Hinton agar
   

disk diffusion method

paragraph 2 Background.
Procrastination is the avoidance of doing a task that needs to be accomplished.[1] It is the practice of doing more pleasurable things in place of less pleasurable ones, or carrying out less urgent tasks instead of more urgent ones, thus putting off impending tasks to a later time. Sometimes, procrastination takes place until the "last minute" before a deadline. Procrastination can take hold on any aspect of life — putting off cleaning the stove, repairing a leaky roof, seeing a doctor or dentist, submitting a job report or academic assignment or broaching a stressful issue with a partner. Procrastination can lead to feelings of guilt, inadequacy, depression and self-doubt.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procrastination

Paragraph 3 Background.
Caffeine is a bitter substance found in coffee, tea, soft drinks, chocolate, kola nuts, and certain medicines. It has many effects on the body's metabolism, including stimulating the central nervous system. This can make you more alert and give you a boost of energy.
For most people, the amount of caffeine in two to four cups of coffee a day is not harmful. However, too much caffeine can cause problems. It can
Make you jittery and shaky, Make it hard to fall asleep or stay asleep, Cause headaches or dizziness, Make your heart beat faster or cause abnormal heart rhythms, Cause dehydration, Make you dependent on it so you need to take more of it. If you stop using caffeine, you could get withdrawal symptoms.

I will have people write down their daily routines and sleeping patterns and their eating habits. I will see their procrastination patterns day to day. I will collectively collect data for a few months and make my analysis. The budget for this research will be really low as the only thing we need is a journal. 

Paragraph 2 (background on unknown 1):

Paragraph 3 (background on unknown 2):

Paragraph 4: climate change policies:
http://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/climate/policy-context

Hypothesis/Engineering Goal:

Materials List/Method/Procedure:

Data:

Conclusion:

Discussion:

Applications:

Future Research:

Bibliography: