Fed and on Meds - The all Inclusive Resort by Halie Cottrill https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5 Halie Cottrill ~ Truckee Meadows Community College ~ Psychology 101 en-us 2023-04-23 20:22:26 UTC 2023-04-24 05:03:37 UTC hello@padlet.com Surfing the Emotional Coast haliemattice https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2564907069 This morning I witnessed the sun rising high above the horizon, it was mesmerizing. After donning my wetsuit, I snatched my surfboard and sprinted out to the beach. As I entered the water, I felt all of my stress and fears wash away in the salty water. I caught my first wave, and I felt clarity for the first time in a long time. All of my previous troubles were left in the abyss. When I had paddled back to shore, I reflected on the previous experiences I had with surfing. It was never this easy for me, and I knew I would only become a better surfer from here. ]]> 2023-04-24 00:23:19 UTC https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2564907069 The Metaphor haliemattice https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2564924375 I've been surfing on the emotional coast for a long time.  I would constantly jump in the ocean without knowing how to ride the waves. The waves would crash on my body, suffocating me, making me feel hopeless. It wasn't until recently that I had the courage to ask for guidance. With that being said, what I thought was "surfing," was my eating disorder. I utilized it as a tool while jumping into the ocean of emotion. My ocean has never really been regulated, or what others perceive as "normal." My guidance was entering treatment for my eating disorder. When I was in treatment, I had discovered that I have Bipolar II. Being in treatment, I discovered I wasn't the only one surfing these semi-catastrophic waves. Others in treatment suffered from a wide variety of mental illnesses. ]]> 2023-04-24 00:42:12 UTC https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2564924375 The Research Beyond the Story : Your Next Destination haliemattice https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2564948448 When I was going through articles,  I came across the "Cormorbidity between eating disorders and psychiatric disorders." (Momen et al., 2022.) Need I say more? It was calling my name for obvious reasons, now it'll be calling yours. Next up, learning paradise!]]> 2023-04-24 01:09:43 UTC https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2564948448 Two is Better Than One. haliemattice https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2564966564 This study was done "to identify patterns of comorbidity" (Momen et al., 2022) with eating disorders and mental illnesses. There has been studies evaluating eating disorders and psychiatric disorders, but there was not a lot of information that commingles the two. (Momen et al., 2022.)  This was a broad and elongated study involving multiple psychiatric disorders, eating disorders, and even risks (mortality).]]> 2023-04-24 01:26:41 UTC https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2564966564 This Direction! haliemattice https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2565054338 "To provide estimates of the bidirectional associations between eating disorders and other psychiatric disorders, we examined: (a) the risk of diagnosis of a psychiatric disorder after being diagnosed with a specific eating disorder (i.e., prior eating disorder‐later psychiatric disorder) and (b) the risk of diagnosis with a specific eating disorder after being diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder.(i.e., prior psychiatric disorder‐later eating disorder)." (Momen et al., 2022.)  ]]> 2023-04-24 02:53:20 UTC https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2565054338 Caution : Be Careful! haliemattice https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2565083259 The researchers went into depths and dissected many aspects regarding mental illnesses and eating disorders. The variables  included : Gender, age of onset (for mental illness and or eating disorders,) different types of eating disorders and mental illnesses, and much more. (Momen et al., 2022.)  Since this study was over a long period of time, they also calculated some risk factors. Unfortunately, when dealing with such significant risk factors among the general population, some of the participants did not survive. (Momen et al., 2022.)  ]]> 2023-04-24 03:23:23 UTC https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2565083259 A Little Insight. haliemattice https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2565099692 "This population‐based study, comprising over 3 million individuals, shows bidirectional comorbidity between specific types of eating disorders and a broad range of other psychiatric disorders. We found that relative risks of receiving an AN or an OED diagnosis are elevated among those with psychiatric disorders, and vice versa; the magnitude of the risks differed between the two types of eating disorders slightly, but not substantially, for most eating disorder‐psychiatric disorder pairs. Absolute risks for each of the later disorders were also raised among those with each prior disorder of interest, for example personality, mood and neurotic disorders were all diagnosed within 15 years for more than 15% of those with an AN or OED diagnosis."(Momen et al., 2022.)   (OED = Other Eating Disorder, AN =Anorexia Nervosa) (Momen et al., 2022.)  ]]> 2023-04-24 03:43:09 UTC https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2565099692 Remember, No Tsunamis! Only Rad Waves. haliemattice https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2565109457 In the grand scheme of things, this study made me feel a little less alone in the world. We're all just riding life's waves and getting up as they knock us down. My personal hypothesis was correct, there is a pretty massive correlation between the two; furthermore,  they go together like peas and carrots in a sense. (Momen et al., 2022.)  There is a higher level or comorbidity between psychiatric disorders and personality disorders (Momen et al., 2022,) which I found interesting but not surprising. Being someone in that statistic, I can unfortunately see the unhealthy relationship. An eating disorder can be like a parasite, it latches on to emotions. ]]> 2023-04-24 03:56:12 UTC https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2565109457 Don't Forget.. Surfboard! haliemattice https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2565115343 The study provided was informative and had precise detail; moreover, the research paper as a whole was important. It wasn't very concise, and it was difficult to provide all of the important information. Regardless, it was the best study I have seen. I hope that others will utilize this information, they can wax their surfboard with it and get a new perspective.  As for myself, I will be continuing my healing era. I will also utilize all of the information I have obtained as I continue to surf through the challenges I may endure.]]> 2023-04-24 04:03:48 UTC https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2565115343 **************** haliemattice https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2565118331 If you are struggling, or you know somebody who is struggling, please understand that you are not alone. There are resources available to you. 

1-800-662-4357 (SAMHSA's National Helpline)

https://www.samhsa.gov/find-help/national-helpline


1-800-931-2237 (NEDA Helpline) 

https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/help-support/contact-helpline#:~:text=(800)%20931%2D2237,-Monday%E2%80%94Thursday%203pm&text=Contact%20the%20NEDA%20Helpline%20for,support%20and%20information%20you%20need.



]]> 2023-04-24 04:08:51 UTC https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2565118331 haliemattice https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2565135684 Atiye, M., Miettunen, J., & Raevuori‐Helkamaa, A. (2015). A meta‐analysis of temperament in eating disorders. European Eating Disorders Review, 23 (2), 89 – 99. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1002/erv.2342

Bahji, A., Mazhar, M. N., Hudson, C. C., Nadkarni, P., MacNeil, B. A., & Hawken, E. (2019). Prevalence of substance use disorder comorbidity among individuals with eating disorders: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Psychiatry Research, 273, 58 – 66. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1016/j.psychres.2019.01.007

3 Benros, M. E., Nielsen, P. R., Nordentoft, M., Eaton, W. W., Dalton, S. O., & Mortensen, P. B. (2011). Autoimmune diseases and severe infections as risk factors for schizophrenia: A 30‐year population‐based register study. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 168 (12), 1303 – 1310. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.11030516

4 Benros, M. E., Waltoft, B. L., Nordentoft, M., Ostergaard, S. D., Eaton, W. W., Krogh, J., & Mortensen, P. B. (2013). Autoimmune diseases and severe infections as risk factors for mood disorders: A nationwide study. JAMA Psychiatry, 70 (8), 812 – 820. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.1111

5 Berkson, J. (1946). Limitations of the application of fourfold table analysis to hospital data. Biometrics, 2 (3), 47 – 53. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21001024

6 Blinder, B. J., Cumella, E. J., & Sanathara, V. A. (2006). Psychiatric comorbidities of female inpatients with eating disorders. Psychosomatic Medicine, 68 (3), 454 – 462. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1097/01.psy.0000221254.77675.f5

7 Breithaupt, L., Kohler‐Forsberg, O., Larsen, J. T., Benros, M. E., Thornton, L. M., Bulik, C. M., & Petersen, L. (2019). Association of Exposure to infections in childhood with risk of eating disorders in adolescent girls. JAMA Psychiatry., 76, 800 – 809. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.0297

8 Bulik, C. M., Sullivan, P. F., Fear, J. L., & Joyce, P. R. (1997). Eating disorders and antecedent anxiety disorders: A controlled study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 96 (2), 101 – 107. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1997.tb09913.x

9 de Jonge, P., Wardenaar, K. J., Lim, C. C. W., Aguilar‐Gaxiola, S., Alonso, J., Andrade, L. H., ... Scott, K. (2018). The cross‐national structure of mental disorders: Results from the World Mental Health Surveys. Psychological Medicine, 48 (12), 2073 – 2084. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1017/S0033291717003610

Deep, A. L., Nagy, L. M., Weltzin, T. E., Rao, R., & Kaye, W. H. (1995). Premorbid onset of psychopathology in long‐term recovered anorexia nervosa. The International Journal of Eating Disorders, 17 (3), 291 – 297. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7773266

Gadalla, T., & Piran, N. (2007). Co‐occurrence of eating disorders and alcohol use disorders in women: A meta analysis. Archives of Women's Mental Health, 10 (4), 133 – 140. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1007/s00737-007-0184-x

Godart, N., Radon, L., Curt, F., Duclos, J., Perdereau, F., Lang, F., ... Flament, M. F. (2015). Mood disorders in eating disorder patients: Prevalence and chronology of ONSET. Journal of Affective Disorders, 185, 115 – 122. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1016/j.jad.2015.06.039

Hudson, J. I., Hiripi, E., Pope, H. G., Jr., & Kessler, R. C. (2007). The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Biological Psychiatry, 61 (3), 348 – 358. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.03.040

Kaye, W. H., Bulik, C. M., Thornton, L., Barbarich, N., & Masters, K. (2004). Comorbidity of anxiety disorders with anorexia and bulimia nervosa. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 161 (12), 2215 – 2221. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.12.2215

Kessler, R. C., Ormel, J., Petukhova, M., McLaughlin, K. A., Green, J. G., Russo, L. J., ... Ustun, T. B. (2011). Development of lifetime comorbidity in the World Health Organization world mental health surveys. Archives of General Psychiatry, 68 (1), 90 – 100. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.180

Larsen, J. T., Munk‐Olsen, T., Bulik, C. M., Thornton, L. M., Koch, S. V., Mortensen, P. B., & Petersen, L. (2017). Early childhood adversities and risk of eating disorders in women: A Danish register‐based cohort study. The International Journal of Eating Disorders, 50 (12), 1404 – 1412. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1002/eat.22798

Lynge, E., Sandegaard, J. L., & Rebolj, M. (2011). The Danish National Patient Register. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 39 (7 Suppl), 30 – 33. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1177/1403494811401482

Martinussen, M., Friborg, O., Schmierer, P., Kaiser, S., Overgard, K. T., Neunhoeffer, A. L., ... Rosenvinge, J. H. (2017). The comorbidity of personality disorders in eating disorders: A meta‐analysis. Eating and Weight Disorders, 22 (2), 201 – 209. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1007/s40519-016-0345-x

McGrath, J. J., Lim, C. C. W., Plana‐Ripoll, O., Holtz, Y., Agerbo, E., Momen, N. C., ... de Jonge, P. (2020). Comorbidity within mental disorders: A comprehensive analysis based on 145 990 survey respondents from 27 countries. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 29, e153. https://doiorg.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1017/S2045796020000633

Momen, Natalie C., et al. “Comorbidity between Eating Disorders and Psychiatric Disorders.” International Journal of Eating Disorders, vol. 55, no. 4, 2022, pp. 505–517., https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23687. 

Momen, N. C., Plana‐Ripoll, O., Agerbo, E., Benros, M. E., Borglum, A. D., Christensen, M. K., ... McGrath, J. J. (2020). Association between mental disorders and subsequent medical conditions. The New England Journal of Medicine, 382 (18), 1721 – 1731. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1056/NEJMoa1915784

Mors, O., Perto, G. P., & Mortensen, P. B. (2011). The Danish psychiatric central research register. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 39 (7 Suppl), 54 – 57. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1177/1403494810395825

Nilsson, E. W., Gillberg, C., Gillberg, I. C., & Rastam, M. (1999). Ten‐year follow‐up of adolescent‐onset anorexia nervosa: Personality disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 38 (11), 1389 – 1395. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1097/00004583-199911000-00013

Pedersen, C. B. (2011). The Danish civil registration system. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 39 (7 Suppl), 22 – 25. https://doiorg.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1177/1403494810387965

Pedersen, C. B., Mors, O., Bertelsen, A., Waltoft, B. L., Agerbo, E., McGrath, J. J., ... Eaton, W. W. (2014). A comprehensive nationwide study of the incidence rate and lifetime risk for treated mental disorders. JAMA Psychiatry, 71 (5), 573 – 581. https://doiorg.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.16

Piran, N., Kennedy, S., Garfinkel, P. E., & Owens, M. (1985). Affective disturbance in eating disorders. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 173 (7), 395 – 400. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1097/00005053-198507000-00002
Plana‐Ripoll, O., Pedersen, C. B., Holtz, Y., Benros, M. E., Dalsgaard, S., de Jonge, P., ... McGrath, J. J. (2019). Exploring comorbidity within mental disorders among a 
Danish National Population. JAMA Psychiatry, 76, 259 – 270. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.3658

Sansone, R. A., Levitt, J. L., & Sansone, L. A. (2005). The eating disorders. In W. M. Klykylo & J. Kay (Eds.), Clinical child psychiatry (2nd ed., pp. 311 – 326). London, UK : John Wiley.

Schmidt, M., Schmidt, S. A., Sandegaard, J. L., Ehrenstein, V., Pedersen, L., & Sorensen, H. T. (2015). The Danish National Patient Registry: A review of content, data quality, and research potential. Clinical Epidemiology, 7, 449 – 490. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.2147/CLEP.S91125

Silberg, J. L., & Bulik, C. M. (2005). The developmental association between eating disorders symptoms and symptoms of depression and anxiety in juvenile twin girls. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 46 (12), 1317 – 1326. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01427.x

Steinhausen, H. C., Villumsen, M. D., Horder, K., Winkler, L. A., Bilenberg, N., & Stoving, R. K. (2021). Comorbid mental disorders during long‐term course in a nationwide cohort of patients with anorexia nervosa. The International Journal of Eating Disorders, 54, 1608 – 1618. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1002/eat.23570

Swanson, S. A., Crow, S. J., Le Grange, D., Swendsen, J., & Merikangas, K. R. (2011). Prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in adolescents. Results from the national comorbidity survey replication adolescent supplement. Archives of General Psychiatry, 68 (7), 714 – 723. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.22

Trace, S. E., Thornton, L. M., Baker, J. H., Root, T. L., Janson, L. E., Lichtenstein, P., ... Bulik, C. M. (2013). A behavioral‐genetic investigation of bulimia nervosa and its relationship with alcohol use disorder. Psychiatry Research, 208 (3), 232 – 237. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1016/j.psychres.2013.04.030

Wade, T. D., Bulik, C. M., Neale, M., & Kendler, K. S. (2000). Anorexia nervosa and major depression: Shared genetic and environmental risk factors. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 157 (3), 469 – 471. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1176/appi.ajp.157.3.469

World Health Organization. (1967). International classification of diseases: Manual of the international statistical classification of diseases, injuries and causes of death 

Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
World Health Organization. (1993). The ICD‐10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: Diagnostic criteria for research. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.

Xu, R., & O'Quigley, J. (2000). Estimating average regression effect under non‐proportional hazards. Biostatistics, 1 (4), 423 – 439. https://doi-org.ezproxy.tmcc.edu/10.1093/biostatistics/1.4.423
]]> 2023-04-24 04:31:24 UTC https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2565135684 haliemattice https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2565159130 Halie Cottrill
Truckee Meadows Community College
Psychology 101

]]> 2023-04-24 04:57:41 UTC https://padlet.com/haliemattice/gjwxhhf0scwfqcz5/wish/2565159130