There are four politeness strategies including off-record politeness, negative politeness, positive politeness, bald on record politeness. Among them, off-record is the most polite and implicit strategy, while on-record is the most direct but least polite one. Negative politeness is more polite than positive politeness, and both of them are somewhere between off-record and on-record in terms of politeness and directness.

In this video, we can understand face threatening act which means the possible threat to one's self-public image, and facing saving act which means saying something to lessen the possible threat.

These two concepts are crucial for us to get better understanding of politeness strategies. We can distinguish whether speech is polite or not by these two concepts.

Article 1 explores four politeness strategies used by lecturers and students in using WhatsApp for virtual communication during thesis consultation. It adopts a mixed research method. The authors collected 50 screenshots of WhatsApp chats between a lecturer and 10 English undergraduate students about essay consultation.

In this study, the authors found that students used more politeness strategies than lecturers. In this case, students will use politeness strategies more actively when interacting with the lecturer to show respect for the lecturer. Compared to other strategies, the students used the most positive politeness. At the same time, the lecturer adopts the on-record politeness strategy to show his social status or power status in the interaction. In other words, different politeness strategy choices are caused by different power and social status factors between teachers and students.

It is clear from this study that negative politeness is the most common form of politeness strategies employed. This is feasible because the students communicate via WhatsApp groups, and most of them are unaware that the group administrator works as a lecturer at UNIVED Bengkulu and as staff at UPT Bahasa Indonesia.

The objective of this study is to identify the politeness strategies employed by the instructor and students in that group from all UNIVED departments and faculties.

This study employed descriptive qualitative research methods to illustrate students' civility tactics during WhatsApp group interactions.

From this website, I noticed low context style and high context style, which attract me a lot. According to the blog's author, members of high-context style could regard individuals from low-context style as impolite if they directly share their own thoughts and feelings, believing that they are rude and disrespectful. Conversely, people from low-context style may feel uncomfortable communicating with people from high-context style because they are very polite. Not only does this kind of politeness not contribute to the strengthening of the connection, but it may also have the opposite impact because it is viewed as lacking in honesty and sincerity.

That really an interesting phenomenon I want to know more!!!

1. Keep listening and understanding

2. Avoid using negative words

3. Make full use of the magic word: sorry

4. Use small words to soften the statement

5. Avoid using "you" to blame others

The suggestions mentioned above are practical and clearly. It's better for me to learn from them.