8.4 Spread of Communism after 1900 by Grace Esquivel https://padlet.com/esquivelgrace/gehcmf0vlvjdfwy2 Made with the best of intentions en-us 2021-04-01 15:08:38 UTC 2021-04-01 15:47:05 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f600.png China esquivelgrace https://padlet.com/esquivelgrace/gehcmf0vlvjdfwy2/wish/1375697237 1927-Communist and Nationalist fight for control
Mao Zedong takes over by winning support by redistributing land to peasants
1949-Communists defeat nationalists and create The Peoples Republic of China
Mao called for nationalization of industries and like the Soviets emphasized heavy industry rather than consumer goods.
Great Leap Forward- peasants organized into communes, ag. communities were held by the state rather than private owners
(by 1960 this was abandoned due to food shortages)
1966 Cultural Revolution-Mao wanted to reinvigorate China's commitment to communism with a Cultural Revolution. This revolution silenced the critics of Mao and solidified his hold and power on China.
Red Guards- Seized gov. officials, teachers, ect. to send them to reeducation camps (this involved having them perform labor and were pressured into saying they had not been revolutionary enough)
Relations with the Soviets- Although both were communists China and Russia were often hostile. For example they competed for influence around the world, and argued over their border.]]> 2021-04-01 15:13:45 UTC https://padlet.com/esquivelgrace/gehcmf0vlvjdfwy2/wish/1375697237 Ethiopia highjulia https://padlet.com/esquivelgrace/gehcmf0vlvjdfwy2/wish/1375697816 Ethiopia has mainly been an independent country other than the time 1936-1941, when it was under Italian occupation. However, Ethiopia suffered greatly similar to other colonies. During World War 2, the old emperor, Haile Selassie, who was exiled, returned to power. He aligned the economy and became successive in its coffee trade. This implicated cultural and political reforms, but land reforms were never carried through. In the 60s Ethiopia slowly started declining, and in 1974 Haile was replaced by Mengistu, an Ethiopian native and major in the military. He declared the government to be a socialist, gaining aid from the Soviet Union and other communists. This communism didn't last long from failed economic policies, and rebellion, causing Mengistu to resign and flee to Zimbabwe in 1991. Today, the government can be categorized  under a federal parliamentary republic after implementing the Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia.]]> 2021-04-01 15:13:55 UTC https://padlet.com/esquivelgrace/gehcmf0vlvjdfwy2/wish/1375697816 Venezuela dinhvy https://padlet.com/esquivelgrace/gehcmf0vlvjdfwy2/wish/1375698633 After decolonization, government considered land reforms. In countries, such in this case, Venezuela. Government redistributed 5 million acres of land that began in 2001. However, it ran into some conflicts; those 
who benefitted, were more willing to vote for the government instituting the reforms, while those from whom land was
confiscated tended not to support the states that seized it. 
]]> 2021-04-01 15:14:09 UTC https://padlet.com/esquivelgrace/gehcmf0vlvjdfwy2/wish/1375698633 Iran ellismadeline https://padlet.com/esquivelgrace/gehcmf0vlvjdfwy2/wish/1375699143 -During the late 1900s, Iran was fought over by Britain and Russia.  The desire to obtain Iran was futher increased as oil was discovered.
-Iran during ww2 considered following Hitler.  In order to shut down Iran's leader from making this decision, Britain and Russia invaded.
-The shah of Iran lead reforms one of which called the White Revolution.  The result came without any blood.  In the revolution it included emphasis on women's right to vote, making a social welfare system, and funding literacy programs.  He also focused on land ownership and having peasants in favor of him.  The programs bought land and resold it to peasants for cheap.  This angered many Iranians.
The Iranian Revolution occured that involved the overthrow of the shah. Out of it came the new government which was a theocracy. ]]> 2021-04-01 15:14:18 UTC https://padlet.com/esquivelgrace/gehcmf0vlvjdfwy2/wish/1375699143 Vietnam matthewspaige https://padlet.com/esquivelgrace/gehcmf0vlvjdfwy2/wish/1375699490 When Vietnam became free, it was an agricultural society. 
A very few people controlled most of land, and communists said they'd seize the land and redistribute it. The peasants wanted this and gave their support.
The Communists took power in the north and applied their policies, while the south was more was moer slow to reform. ]]> 2021-04-01 15:14:24 UTC https://padlet.com/esquivelgrace/gehcmf0vlvjdfwy2/wish/1375699490 India matthewspaige https://padlet.com/esquivelgrace/gehcmf0vlvjdfwy2/wish/1375707886 After World War II India became Independent, and in 1947 it was divided into two countries, Pakistan and India. 
India had to solve economic problems, and crated land reforms. They worked to redistribute land, take away power of rent collectors, protect land renters, and promote a new cooperative farming. 
Kerala had series of policy's from 1960-1974 that were successful. but the India central government took rule to reverse programs, because they wanted control. ]]> 2021-04-01 15:16:46 UTC https://padlet.com/esquivelgrace/gehcmf0vlvjdfwy2/wish/1375707886 Guatemala dinhvy https://padlet.com/esquivelgrace/gehcmf0vlvjdfwy2/wish/1375724163 After the election of democratic government Jacob Arbenz, Guatemala began land reform. It redistributed unused land greater than 224 acres (0.91 km2) in area to local peasants, compensating landowners with government bonds. However, in 1954, because the United Fruit Company felt threatened and angered as a large land owner, Arbenz was overthrown with efforts from the United States to remove communist threats. ]]> 2021-04-01 15:21:15 UTC https://padlet.com/esquivelgrace/gehcmf0vlvjdfwy2/wish/1375724163 South Africa highjulia https://padlet.com/esquivelgrace/gehcmf0vlvjdfwy2/wish/1375764621  With the end of the apartheid regime in South Africa in 1994, the newly elected government introduced a program of land reform. The new government consisted of three dimensions in this progress which included: redistribution (transferring white‐owned commercial farm land to African users); restitution (settling claims for land lost under apartheid measures by restoration of holdings or compensation); and land tenure reform (to provide more secure access to land in the former bantustans.) In the first decade of democracy, the government was to transform the structural basis of racial inequality that has been integrated in the country. However, the land reform has fallen far short of both public expectations and official targets. ]]> 2021-04-01 15:32:20 UTC https://padlet.com/esquivelgrace/gehcmf0vlvjdfwy2/wish/1375764621 Namibia highjulia https://padlet.com/esquivelgrace/gehcmf0vlvjdfwy2/wish/1375801655 More recently there has been increased demands to address the failures of the past; these culminated in a second land conference in early October 2018. The current distribution of land in Namibia is a constant reminder that colonialism has not ended despite independence. Namibia‘s president called for a change to the country’s constitution to allow the government to expropriate land and re-distribute it to the majority black population.]]> 2021-04-01 15:42:35 UTC https://padlet.com/esquivelgrace/gehcmf0vlvjdfwy2/wish/1375801655