Commonly Abused Drugs by Nicholas Dinh

Hallucinogens (LSD)

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Addiction

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The "Reward Pathway"

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A depressant is a drug that slows brain and body reactions. In slowing the body's normal reactions, drugs may cause confusion, decreased alertness, poor coordination, blurred vision, and drowsiness. A psychoactive drug is a chemical that affects brain activity. Most abused drugs are psychoactive.

Drug Description

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Many psychoactive drugs trigger activity along the pathway of cells in the brain called the "reward pathway" to create pleasurable feelings. Under normal conditions, the chemical dopamine travels between brain cells, producing pleasurable sensations. While on drugs, cells release extra dopamine, causing a stronger signal. And after repeated drug use, brain cells lose receptors for dopamine, becoming less able to process the chemical. The pleasure signal weakens. This may also lead to intense cravings for the drug and cause the user to ignore the harmful effects of the drug.

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A drug is a chemical substance that is taken to cause changes in a person's body or behavior. Medicines are legal drugs that help the body fight injury, illness, or disease. A medicine that is sold legally in pharmacies and other stores without a doctor's prescription is called an over-the-counter drug. A prescription drug is a drug that can be obtained only with a written order from a doctor and can be purchased only at a pharmacy. Then there are the Illegal, or street drugs. An Illegal drug is a chemical substance that people of any age may not lawfully manufacture, possess, buy, or sell. The improper use of any medicines is called drug misuse while the intentional use of drugs improperly or unsafely is known as drug abuse.

So what exactly are drugs?

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Drug Abuse And The Brain

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Some Videos Demonstrating the Effects of Drugs :

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Abuse of psychoactive drugs may lead to addiction and serious health issues.

Street Names

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Methods of Use

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Short Term Effects

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Long Term Effects

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Depressants (Opiates)

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Stimulants (Cocaine)

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Marijuana

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Club Drugs (Ecstasy)

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An opiate is any drug made from psychoactive compounds contained in the seed pods of poppy plants

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Pain-Killers, Cough Syrup, Heroin, Morphine, Codine

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Opiates are harvested or produced in a laboratory. They are used in order to dull the senses, relieve pain, and induce sleep or a "high," usually through means of injection

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Addiction, constipation, infections associated with injecting, death

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Cocaine is a powerful but short-acting stimulant. A process called "free-basing" changes cocaine into smokable "crack," the strongest form of cocaine.

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Lysergic Acid Diethylamide is the strongest known hallucinogen. Its effects are unpredictable - it can either stimulate or depress the central nervous system

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Combined stimulant and hallucinogen that contains MDMA and other substances. Used mostly at dance clubs and raves.

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Marijuana is the leaves, stems, and flowering tops of the hemp plant Cannabis sativa. It is one of the most frequently abused psychoactive drugs. Its main ingredient changes the way information reaches and is acted upon by the brain.

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Abusers sniff the drug into the nose, smoke it, or inject it directly into their bloodstream.

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Coke, Coco, Crack, Snow

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Nausea, vomiting, decreased alertness, drowsiness, depressed respiration, tolerance that leads to dependence

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Sleep disorders, loss of appetite, increased blood pressure and heart rate, tolerance develops rapidly and dependence builds

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Memory loss, respiratory problems organ failure, addiction, death

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LSD, Acid, Trip, Dream

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Users eat small "LSD Strips" to distort their sense of reality and achieve a "high"

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Distorted perception and thought, mood swings, unable to perform normal activities and keep track of time or surroundings, powerful hallucinations and senses

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XTC, X, Adam, clarity, love drug

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Ecstasy is taken through round pills.

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Increased heart rate & blood pressure, blurred vision, muscle tension, severe sweating and chills, nausea, increased body heat

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Memory loss, personality changes, Bad trips, flashbacks, shortened attention span, addiction

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Marijuana is smoked in a pipe or from a "joint" or "blunt," or mixed with food and eaten

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Pot, dope, weed, grass, green, hash

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Distorted perceptions, impaired cognative and motor function, increased heart rate, anxiety, paranoia

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Addiction, brain damage, memory loss, risk of cancer, gateway to other drugs, death

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Addiction, depression, paranoia, irritability, weight loss, irregular heartbeat, seizures, respiratory failure, cardiovascular failure, liver damage, death