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      <title>Pseudoscience: Red Flags ~ Reasons For Belief ~ Critical Thinking Process by Brandon Braithwaite</title>
      <link>https://padlet.com/brandonbraithwaite2003/gdi9k3kkk5maal1o</link>
      <description>We present red flags, reasons for belief, and our critical thinking process.</description>
      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2022-10-06 02:02:12 UTC</pubDate>
      <lastBuildDate>2022-10-12 00:54:23 UTC</lastBuildDate>
      <webMaster>hello@padlet.com</webMaster>
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         <title>Post #1 Title: Assignment 1</title>
         <author>noahbroski30</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/brandonbraithwaite2003/gdi9k3kkk5maal1o/wish/2328589985</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><sub>Group: Elijah Bowman, Brandon Braithwaite, Noah Macdonald, Billy O'Neil&nbsp;</sub></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-10-06 02:27:10 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/brandonbraithwaite2003/gdi9k3kkk5maal1o/wish/2328589985</guid>
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         <title>Post #2 ~ Red Flag ~ Confirmation Bias</title>
         <author>brandonbraithwaite2003</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/brandonbraithwaite2003/gdi9k3kkk5maal1o/wish/2330314092</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><br><strong>Definition<br></strong><strong><sub>Confirmation Bias</sub></strong><sub> is the tendency to recall events as confirmation of one's established beliefs or theories while disregarding events that oppose these beliefs or theories.</sub><strong><br><br>Connection<br></strong><sub>A prime example of </sub><strong><sub>Confirmation Bias</sub></strong><sub> is the news media. Much top news media like CNN and Fox News both share </sub><strong><sub>Confirmation Bias</sub></strong><sub> as there information presented is biased towards their political beliefs (CNN being left-wing, FOX News being right-wing). These two news media are almost exact examples of opposites and how their political beliefs guide the content they display. In the image above, this can be perceived as the viewers of each news station and how </sub><strong><sub>Confirmation Bias</sub></strong><sub> has divided people </sub><strong><sub>(flaw).</sub></strong><sub> CNN (red) viewers only look at content that is supportive of CNN, meaning they are neglecting information from FOX News. This is the same for Fox News viewers in not listening to CNN Media. The reason this image is such a great example is that it highlights the negative and potentially harmful effect of </sub><strong><sub>Confirmation Bias </sub></strong><sub>and how it is a</sub><strong><sub> limitation </sub></strong><sub>for viewers that only pay attention to one media source or biased sources that share the same biases. It is important to understand that listening to a biased media source can be misleading. Listening to multiple sources that may not share similar beliefs and theories will help prevent </sub><strong><sub>Confirmation Bias.</sub></strong></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2022-10-07 02:01:04 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/brandonbraithwaite2003/gdi9k3kkk5maal1o/wish/2330314092</guid>
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         <title>Post #3 ~ Red Flag ~ Mystical Energy</title>
         <author>brandonbraithwaite2003</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/brandonbraithwaite2003/gdi9k3kkk5maal1o/wish/2330421378</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><br><strong>Definition</strong><br><strong><sub>Mystical Energy</sub></strong><sub> is a fictional believe or claim that something has spiritual powers causing an influence. </sub><strong><sub>Mystical Energy</sub></strong><sub> has been referenced for people, objects, rituals and ceremonies.</sub><br><br><strong>Connection</strong><br><sub>As </sub><strong><sub>Mystical Energy</sub></strong><sub> has been referred to&nbsp; people, objects, rituals, and ceremonies, one of the most popular examples is crystals. Crystals have been claimed to have </sub><strong><sub>Mythical Energy</sub></strong><sub> which can influence a person in many ways. Some examples are in the image above. These types of influences are propaganda scams for these crystals to have worth from consumers. These crystals can be compared to the placebo effect as many people tend to convince themselves that these crystals are working, or that the Mystical Energy of the crystals is influencing them. Many medias discussing pro-crystals tend to have loads of information that are not supported by facts or sources for proof. This can tie in with</sub><strong><sub> Proof of Verbosity.</sub></strong><sub> Due to the misleading media, crystals have been able to be a major scam making it a profitable business for sellers/scammers, which relates to the </sub><strong><sub>Pseudoscience Watchlist</sub></strong><sub> of how money is involved.</sub><br><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2022-10-07 03:44:05 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/brandonbraithwaite2003/gdi9k3kkk5maal1o/wish/2330421378</guid>
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         <title>Post #4 ~ Red Flag ~ Appeal to Authority</title>
         <author>oneilbilly18</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/brandonbraithwaite2003/gdi9k3kkk5maal1o/wish/2330925815</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>Definition</strong><br><strong><sub>Appeal to Authority</sub></strong><sub> is exhibited when the appearance of an authoritative figure is used to provide credibility to the subject or argument. </sub><br><br><strong>Connection</strong><br><sub>President Trump was notorious for using his authority to influence the minds of many Americans and people all over the world. With no medical background, Trump would often reference that COVID-19 would quickly disappear with no scientific evidence and encouraged people to avoid wearing masks </sub><strong><sub>(Skeptic)</sub></strong><sub>. Due to Trump's political stature, many people assumed he was well-informed about various topics and would </sub><strong><sub>Appeal to his Authority</sub></strong><sub>. To this day, COVID-19 is an ongoing issue in our society with little assurance of a vaccination offering guaranteed immunity being developed any time soon, even though Trump said COVID-19 would quickly become a non-factor in 2020. When relating this post to the </sub><strong><sub>Pseudoscience Watchlist </sub></strong><sub>it is evident that </sub><strong><sub>Appeal to Authority</sub></strong><sub> appeals to peoples emotions thus changing their perception and that the results can not be verified, in this case, Trump making these statements.</sub></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.cnn.com/interactive/2020/10/politics/covid-disappearing-trump-comment-tracker/" />
         <pubDate>2022-10-07 12:38:37 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/brandonbraithwaite2003/gdi9k3kkk5maal1o/wish/2330925815</guid>
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         <title>Post #5 ~ Red Flag ~ Ancient Wisdom</title>
         <author>brandonbraithwaite2003</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/brandonbraithwaite2003/gdi9k3kkk5maal1o/wish/2330927543</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><br><strong>Definition</strong><br><strong><sub>Ancient Wisdom</sub></strong><sub> is referred to as ancient knowledge, ancient beings, and ancient practices. Ancient Wisdom can be a misleading bias since people may assume that since something is "ancient" there must be high credibility. However, the ancients were not as knowledgeable in comparison to modern-day science.</sub><br><br><strong>Connection</strong><br><sub>The image above is an example of </sub><strong><sub>Ancient Wisdom.</sub></strong><sub> This image explains how the ancient Maya prophecy claimed that the world would end in 2012. Many people believed in this prophecy and lived in fear when the year 2012 arrived. The world did not end and these people fell victim to </sub><strong><sub>Ancient Wisdom bias</sub></strong><sub> since they believed in what the Maya ancients claimed. </sub><strong><sub>Ancient Wisdom</sub></strong><sub> relates to the </sub><strong><sub>Pseudoscience Watchlist</sub></strong><sub> as there are results that can not be verified since there was no factual explanation for the world ending from the Maya prophecy claim. Also, this example can relate to </sub><strong><sub>Ideology</sub></strong><sub> since these results are based on Maya beliefs.</sub></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/1116932207/8d7a5f8371e9bbacfaf816a29c1c10d2/image.png" />
         <pubDate>2022-10-07 12:39:59 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/brandonbraithwaite2003/gdi9k3kkk5maal1o/wish/2330927543</guid>
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         <title>Post #6 ~ Red Flag ~ Red Herrings</title>
         <author>noahbroski30</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/brandonbraithwaite2003/gdi9k3kkk5maal1o/wish/2332972952</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>Definition<br></strong><strong><sub>Red herrings </sub></strong><sub>are pieces of information that have no relevance and are used in arguments as a distraction.</sub><br><br><strong>Connection</strong><br><sub>Kids are easily distracted and </sub><strong><sub>red herrings</sub></strong><sub> tend to be used against them often by their parents. Often times </sub><strong><sub>red herrings</sub></strong><sub> are used with the intent to dodge a question that you do not have an answer for or one that you simply do not want to answer. The popular example is something many people have experienced at least once in their life. A kid asks their parent if they can get fast food and their parent responds with "we have food at home." </sub><strong><sub>Red herrings </sub></strong><sub>such as this</sub><strong><sub> </sub></strong><sub>are often used to </sub><strong><sub>appeal to emotions</sub></strong><sub>. The kid is hungry and wants food but instead of telling them they can not have the food the parent says they have food to eat at home to soften the impact. </sub><strong><sub>Money is often involved </sub></strong><sub>when</sub><strong><sub> red herrings </sub></strong><sub>are used. Especially when </sub><strong><sub>Red herrings</sub></strong><sub> are used on larger scales such as when fake news outlets add points to help the story fit their narrative.&nbsp;</sub></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/1445817212/377242f9cbd61536672507b2966f46b3/red_herring.jpg" />
         <pubDate>2022-10-10 03:50:44 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/brandonbraithwaite2003/gdi9k3kkk5maal1o/wish/2332972952</guid>
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         <title>Post #7 ~ Reasons For Belief ~ Unexplained</title>
         <author>ejbowman53</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/brandonbraithwaite2003/gdi9k3kkk5maal1o/wish/2333889599</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><sup><br></sup><strong>Definition </strong><strong><sub><br></sub></strong><sub>The reason for belief, </sub><strong><sub>Unexplained</sub></strong><sub>, is something with no reason or supporting evidence to clarify the reasoning. This can be perceived as the "unknown" or a "mystery".<br><br></sub><strong>Connection</strong><sub><br>This article connects to the reason for belief </sub><strong><sub>Unexplained</sub></strong><sub> because it defines the photos that were taken, sightings of Big Foot. Due to the&nbsp; blurry footage, it makes it tough for there to be an explanation for what was seen. I believe that using the </sub><strong><sub>Critical Thinking Process</sub></strong><sub> would be key here, it would help do dive deeper into the images caught of "Big Foot" and being able to brainstorm all the other possibilities and theories such as (Bear or a pattern of the leaves/trees). This would help dive into other reasons for belief such as </sub><strong><sub>Perception &amp; Observation</sub></strong><sub>. Just like most of these types of sightings whether it being Big Foot, Aliens or the Loch Ness Monster, there is a photo taken of this mysterious thing, and it is easy to perceive it as Big Foot, based off of our sense and experiences with past events, without there being any proof to back the claim up. The </sub><strong><sub>flaw</sub></strong><sub> with this claim is that there is only 1 picture to go off of, which can be anything, there is no evidence to prove that it is Big Foot.</sub></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.the-sun.com/news/3956612/bigfoot-shock-photo-proof-cameras-craig-sulk/" />
         <pubDate>2022-10-10 16:43:45 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/brandonbraithwaite2003/gdi9k3kkk5maal1o/wish/2333889599</guid>
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         <title>Post #8 ~ Reasons For Belief ~ Ideology</title>
         <author>ejbowman53</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/brandonbraithwaite2003/gdi9k3kkk5maal1o/wish/2333992615</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><br><br><br><strong>Definition</strong><sup><br></sup><strong><sup>Ideologies</sup></strong><sup> are a set of ideas (Beliefs); these ideas tend to be the basis of our beliefs and the decisions we make.<br><br></sup><strong>Connection</strong><sup><br>This image shows an example of </sup><strong><sup>Ideology</sup></strong><sup> because it shows that our belief system/morals will ultimately lead to who we support from a political standpoint. This is actually one of the most common forms of </sup><strong><sup>Ideology</sup></strong><sup>. What this shows is that we will allow our </sup><strong><sup>Ideologies </sup></strong><sup>to effect who we vote for and how we treat others who do not vote the same way. Using the </sup><strong><sup>Critical Thinking Process</sup></strong><sup> will be key when it comes to our decision making and the things we say. This will help to be able to dive into all the facts about a situation before making an important decision. One of the reasons this happens could come from our</sup><strong><sup> Emotional</sup></strong><sup> </sup><strong><sup>Connection</sup></strong><sup> to a situation. While people have their set of beliefs, when it comes to politics emotions tend to get in the way, the image above shows that we will say things about another political party when we become enraged. This example perfectly shows the </sup><strong><sup>flaws</sup></strong><sup> of Political Ideology, because it shows the danger of how religiously following one party based off our beliefs can have a negative effect on how we interact with others.</sup></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/1839041762/aceb3c0b2350e6e91beca9a83f42a549/image.png" />
         <pubDate>2022-10-10 17:53:27 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/brandonbraithwaite2003/gdi9k3kkk5maal1o/wish/2333992615</guid>
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         <title>Post #9 ~ Reason For Belief ~ Agenticity </title>
         <author>oneilbilly18</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/brandonbraithwaite2003/gdi9k3kkk5maal1o/wish/2334545829</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>Definition </strong><br><strong><sub>Agenticity</sub></strong><sub> is often associated with a strong belief system that connects a topic with very little or confusing information with the notion that it is being controlled by a governing body. </sub><br><br><strong>Connection</strong><br><sub>The video posted above references a picture taken in Scotland many years ago, believed to be one of the clearest images of a UFO. Some believe that the reason this image was only recently released is because the Scottish Ministry of Defense confiscated the image in order to public panic. Many conspiracy theories, including UFO sightings, are generally believed to be covered up by various governments and high ranking individuals. These cover ups have generated more allure to the unknown and have created a significant interest in protected areas such as Roswell, New Mexico and Area 51. Though governments have continued to deny the allegations of providing the truth of some of these conspiracies, the sheer number of confusing and unanswered stories may lead some to believe that there is more each individual case.</sub></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XkNeH-JtGs4&amp;ab_channel=CityNews" />
         <pubDate>2022-10-11 03:28:44 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/brandonbraithwaite2003/gdi9k3kkk5maal1o/wish/2334545829</guid>
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         <title> Post #10 - Critical Thinking Process</title>
         <author>noahbroski30</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/brandonbraithwaite2003/gdi9k3kkk5maal1o/wish/2336085018</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>I have chosen to apply the critical thinking process to the object in post #7<br><br><strong>Define Problem:</strong><br>Is Bigfoot real?<br><br><strong>Gather Information:<br></strong>This article was published to The U.S. Sun and was written by Imogen Braddick. The article shows a photograph that was taken by an old hunter, Craig Sulk. The article depicts how people would come to Craig and his wife's property eager to tell their story about their experience with bigfoot. <br><br><strong>Evaluate Evidence:<br></strong>The U.S. Sun is not particularly credible news source and often cover things that people are skeptical about without providing solid evidence backing it up or disproving it. There is "proof" provided in the form of blurry pictures and people expressing that they themselves have been seeing similar beings. The facts of these claims have not been backed by scientific proof and can not be reproduced easily. Due to it not being reproduced easily the scientific method has not been used in this scenario.<br><br><strong>Recognize Assumptions, Emotions and Biases:</strong><br>When the article talks about Barb backing up her husband and saying that there were other people who came to them about their encounters with bigfoot, it shows biases. They had all believed in the bigfoot already and there is no scientific evidence provided that actually backup their claims. <br><br><strong>Synthesize Evidence, Identify Alternatives:</strong><br>After observing and analyzing all evidence I have identified two main alternatives solutions. The first being that it is a case where <strong>perception and observation</strong> is apparent. The people could have only seen bigfoot in this photograph due to the fact that they already believed bigfoot exist. Another alternative solution is that it is a case of <strong>patternicity</strong>. While most likely bigfoot does not actually exist in the photo, peoples brain trick them into seeing the mythological creature to attempt to prove it is real.<strong><br><br>Select the Best Alternative<br></strong>The best alternative that was created in the paragraph above was that it is simply a case of<strong> patternicity. </strong>The pattern being similar to the figure of what they already believe to be "bigfoot" add meaning to the photo and persuades them to believe this image is real proof.&nbsp;If you ask someone who is not a believer in big foot and does not have their opinion set before even seeing the pictures they will not claim to see big foot and will use a more rational approach claiming it is a bear in a standing pose or even just a tall bulky human blurred out. </div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2022-10-11 23:39:26 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/brandonbraithwaite2003/gdi9k3kkk5maal1o/wish/2336085018</guid>
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