Sabiha Gökçen was born in Bursa in 1913. After the death of his father and mother, he was adopted by Atatürk, who visited Bursa in 1925. The surname Gökçen was given to Sabiha Gökçen by Atatürk.

She was educated at Çankaya Primary School and Istanbul Üsküdar Girls' College. In 1935, she entered the Turkish Bird Civilian kava school of the Turkish Aeronautical Association.

She received her high-level training badges in Ankara. Gökçen was sent to Crimea, Russia, along with 7 male students, and completed his high glider training there.

She entered Eskişehir military air school in 1936 and became a military pilot. In 1937, she was awarded the Turkish Aeronautical Association's Medal of Honor at a ceremony attended by the President, Prime Minister and Chief of General Staff. She received her military flight badge on August 30, 1937.

She made a Balkan tour with her plane as a guest of the Balkan states in 1938.

Sabiha Gökçen, who went to the USA upon invitation in 1953 and 1959, introduced the Turkish society and Turkish women. She received the biggest award of her aviation career in 1996

She was selected as "one of the 20 aviators who made their name in world history" at a ceremony she attended. She made her last flight in 1996 when she was 83 years old. and she died on March 22, 2001, at the age of 88

ELİF LİVA POLAT 9/F

MERYEM GÖKLER 9/F

While Ruşen Ali was living with his family in the 15th and 16th centuries, his father Yusuf started working as the groom of the Bolu Bey. The Bolu Bey assigned Yusuf, who also played saz and was interested in horses, to bring him a unique horse. Yusuf traveled everywhere. And he brings a young foal that he realizes will grow up to be a great horse.

Since the Bey of Bolu brought him such a weak horse, he blinded Yusuf by pricking his eyes. Yusuf leaves the country with his foal and his son. Ruşen Ali takes the foal as his father wanted and raises it in a dark room with the light of knowledge. The foal grows up to become a horse of unparalleled power. .They call him "Kırat".

Yusuf and Ruşen Ali go to the Aras River and wait for the three magic foams that will flow from Bingöl. Yusuf will be able to drink this foam and see again, become younger and take his revenge on the Bey of Bolu.

However, Ruşen Ali drinks the foam and gives foamless water to his father. Although Yusuf is offended by this, his son says; He will take his own revenge.

One of these three magic foams gives Ruşen eternal life, one gives him courage, and the other gives him poetry.

Joseph dies after telling his son to take revenge.

Ruşen goes to the mountains with his Kırat and becomes known as "Köroğlu". (According to some sources, he first became a bandit in his village for a few years.) He prevails in all wars; he distributes what he takes from merchants and paşakars to the poor. He gathers forty brave men around him.

Köroğlu and the brave men constantly raid the Bolu Bey. During one of the raids, he sees the Bey's sister Döne and falls in love. He organizes another raid, kidnaps Döne and makes her his wife.

Janissary Köroğlu, who took good care of his wife and horse, wrote many poems about them. Köroğlu had an encounter with Kiziroğlu in Kars. After this encounter, Kiziroğlu and Köroğlu fought together.

One day, with another victory for his war friends and Köroğlu, Köroğlu puts the sword on the neck of the Bolu Bey and avenges his father.

However, one day, Köroğlu came across an iron with holes. "What is this?" he asks and shivers with the answer he receives. He sighs and says, "The rifle has been invented. Bravery has been destroyed!" He tells his war friends to disperse, they disappear and become a secret.

Elif Demirkıran 9F 1336

ARİFE NURGUL YUMUKGOZ

Nene Hatun, who was 20 years old at the time of Aziziye's defense, was married to Mehmet Efendi from her village. When the Russian army occupied Pasinler and advanced towards Erzurum, he migrated to Erzurum with his wife, like many others, out of fear of being under enemy occupation. When the Russians occupied the bastions on the outskirts of Erzurum after the Battle of Deveboynu, Nene Hatun left her 3-month-old son at home and participated in the defense of the city and showed usefulness.

Nene Hatun and her family settled in Erzurum after the war. She lived in house number thirty-five on Kına Street in Eminkurbu District in Erzurum. She took the surname Kırkgöz with the Surname Law enacted in 1934.

Nene Hatun had six children, four boys (Yusuf, Nazım, Abdurrahman and Musa) and two girls (Asime and Nevriye). Two of here sons died in World War I.

It was introduced to Turkey with the interview conducted by journalist İsmail Habib Sevük, the Istanbul correspondent of Cumhuriyet newspaper, with Nene Hatun and other '93 War veterans in Erzurum in 1937.

Having difficulty making ends meet, Nene Hatun, together with Nâme Hanım, one of the national heroines, wrote a petition to the president and asked for help.

Nene Hatun came to the fore again during the works to build the Aziziye Monument in 1952. The 9th Corps Commander, Lieutenant General Refik Koraltan, and the Commander of the Third Army, whose headquarters was in Erzurum, Nurettin Baransel Pasha, the mayor of the period, the governor of Erzurum, and the Grand National Assembly of Turkey supported Nene Hatun. At the August 30 Victory celebrations in 1952, he was named "3. She was given the title of "Grandmother of the Army". With the initiative of the Turkish Women's Union, the Union gave her the title of "Mother of the Year" in 1955, when Mother's Day was celebrated for the first time in Turkey.

Nene Hatun died at the age of 98 on May 22, 1955, at Erzurum Numune Hospital, where she was treated for pneumonia. His body was buried in Aziziye Martyrdom with an official ceremony.

Simay Kurt 10/A

Throughout his mountaineering career, Mahruki tackled numerous challenging peaks, earning awards and recognition. Besides being an accomplished mountaineer, he is also an author, sharing his mountaineering experiences, adventures, and life philosophy in his books. He has appeared in various documentaries and programs related to mountaineering.

Nasuh Mahruki is considered a key figure in popularizing mountaineering in Turkey, serving as an inspiration to young mountaineers. Additionally, he has actively participated in social responsibility projects, demonstrating his commitment not only to mountaineering but also to societal issues.

Seymen Sekmen 9\E 1313

Sıtgı Mert Pusa 9\C 1072

He is commemorated on the 149th anniversary of his death.

Shamil, the political and religious leader of the peoples of the North Caucasus, was born in 1797 in the village of Gimri in Dagestan. His father was Muhammed from the Avars, and his mother was Bahu Mesedu, the daughter of Pir Budak, one of the Avar lords. When he was born, he was given the name of his grandfather Ali, but since he was constantly ill, he decided that changing his name would be good.

Under the influence of traditional belief, his family changed his name to Shamil.

Şamil went to Iraq with his friends for education and learned religious sciences such as tafsir, hadith, fiqh, mysticism, literature, history and science from the scholar Mevlana Halid-i Şehrezori. Şehrezori also gave his student Shamil the caliphate and sent him to the Caucasus. Seeing that the Russians were trying to enslave the Muslims in the Caucasus, Shamil

He took part in the struggle for the freedom of the Caucasus. The "Muridism" of the Russians, which was initiated by the Muslims of the North Caucasus in the late 18th century.

The resistance movement, which they called "Gazavat", was a leader for many years after the death of their leader Imam Mansur.

couldn't make it out. Sheikh Shamil's friend, Molla Muhammed, who returned to Dagestan in 1823 after being affiliated with the Naqshbandi-Khalidi Sheikh Ismail Shirvani and receiving the caliphate, was elected as the leader of the Gazavat movement in 1829. Mullah Muhammad took action by publishing a declaration inviting the Muslim Caucasian peoples to jihad against the Russians. Sheikh Shamil,

He became the most important assistant of Mullah Muhammad, who was known with the titles "imam" and "gazi". While Mullah Muhammed lost his life in the war with the Russians on November 20, 1832, Sheikh Shamil survived with serious injuries. He struggled for 35 years. Then he passed away.

She discovered nerve growth factor (NGF), a key protein that plays a crucial role in the growth and maintenance of nerve cells.

This discovery had profound implications for understanding both normal development and diseases of the nervous system.

Levi-Montalcini continued her scientific career, becoming a professor and establishing herself as a leading figure in neuroscience. Her work extended beyond the lab; she advocated for science education and women in science. Despite facing gender-based challenges, she became an inspiration for aspiring scientists.

In addition to the Nobel Prize, she received numerous honors and awards for her contributions to science and medicine.

Rita Levi-Montalcini passed away in 2012, leaving a lasting legacy in the field of neuroscience.

Nasreddin was born in the village of Hortu in 1208. After he completed his basic education, he went to Sivrihisar and took traditional lslamic education. After his father passed away, he came back to the village and worked as an lmam. Then, he immigrated to Akşehir and become a dervish. Nasreddin embraced the Yezidi ,Rufai and Mevlevi orders. He served in administrative positions in Akşehir.

He died in 1284 in Akşehir and he was buried in a shrine. After this event, his stories were consonantly told. Although not all of them were true, Today the children love to listen to his stories.

Saltukname contains the first story of Nasreddin written down. There is a book that picks Nasreddin's some anectodes and social messages.

Finally, l want to share one of his words. "Who pays the pipet calls the tune".

Karagöz Hacivat figures are held up to a light source from behind and reflected on the screen through materials such as thin leather or curtains. The audience sees the shadows reflected from the curtain on the curtain wall, which is the scene of the shadow play.

Folk dances such as Karagöz Hacivat shadow plays are often performed with humor and satire. These plays often use satirical and humorous language to discuss social issues, daily life, and current events.

Who is Karagöz?

Karagöz often shows careless, funny and lazy characteristics. Karagöz is depicted in a darkly humorous style. He often acts foolishly and ignorantly in games.

Who is Hacivat?

Hacivat is a more rational, polite and elegant character than Karagöz. Hacivat frequently corrects Karagöz's misinformation, makes clever suggestions, and makes fun of him.

 He is a folk hero of the Seljuk period who was born in Sivrihisar and lived in Aksehir. He received religious education first from his father who was an imam and later at a theological school. He also worked as an imam for a period of time. Hodja’s view of the world and his opinions on the essential or even metaphysical questions of life are frank, natural and often disarmingly candid. Straightforward common sense is one of the secrets of his oriental wisdom and solace. As a philosophic humorist he became the symbol of people’s creativity and sense of humor of his time. His witticisms have become popular sayings and are quoted in everyday conversations. These can be regarded as anonymous folk jokes.

Karagoz and Hacivat

 These are the two folk heroes of Karagoz shadow-puppet theater. The language they use, the way they look at life and the class they represent are never the same. With these clashes and also a wide range of folk characters, they play out a rich social and political satire. Legend has said that these two types were construction laborers who worked on the building of the Ulu Mosque in Bursa. They spent most of their time clowning around and stirring up trouble by keeping the other workers from working. The sultan, who was upset with the  delay of the construction of Ulu Mosque , had them executed. People felt sorry for them and have continued to remember their jokes. It is from these that the Karagoz theater derives. For the production of Karagoz figures, dried camel and calf skin are used because of their translucent quality. Hides are treated, shaped and painted. The puppets are colorful and semitransparent with jointed limbs. The performances are back projections of shadows on curtains. The Karagoz shadow-puppet plays have enjoyed great popularity for many years. With the emergence of technologically advanced visual entertainment means such as cinema, television and video, Karagoz has become a museum exhibit today

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was born in 1881.Atatürk's father is Ali Riza and his mother is Zübeyde.Zübeyde's sons died during the war except Atatürk.Atatürk learned the difficulities of life at a young age when his father passed away.

As Ataturk grew up, he realized that something was wrong with this country.He disputed with his friends and then they revolted.They had a hard time at the beginning.In fact, Atatürk was kidnapped and thrown into prison.However, he always found a way and got rid of it.In course of time,people justified Atatürk.He is known as the father of Turks.He saved us and our country.He saw the power in Turks.

Currently,he is the father of the whole world.Atatürk was the person who respected woman and children the most.We are in the year of 2024 and still have every celebration as if it was the first celebration.This hero passed away in 1938 but of course he still live in our hearts.

Ece Sahin

ENEA WAS A MYTHOLOGICAL FIGURE OF ROMAN AND GREEK CULTURE.

HE FOUGHT IN THE TROJAN WAR. WHEN HIS CITY WAS DISTROYED, ENEA HAD TO LEFT HIS HOMELAND. SO HE STARTED TO TRAVEL ALONG IHE SHORES OF THE MEDITERRANEAN BECOMING A REFUGEE. HIS TRAVEL WAS WRITTEN BY THE POET VIRGILIO. ENEA ARRIVED IN LAZIO TO FOUND THE CITY OF ROME, THE EMPIRE FUTURE CAPITAL.

ENEA IS ALSO A GREAT EXAMPLE OF THE MILION REFUGEES WHO ARE SEARCHING FOR A NEW HOME. THEREFORE THERE IS AN ASSOCIATION NAMED THE ENEA'S RUTE WHICH PROPOSE A CULTURALE PATH TO TELL THROUGH ARCHEOLOGY, NATURE AND LITERATURE, A CURRENT STORY.