https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm Our work this year is to learn about the human body and how to keep ourselves healthy...all of us. For healthcare equity to be achieved, we need to understand the past, the gaps in our understanding, and how to implement the solutions so needed. This year, we will continue to add to this slideshow as we explore healthcare through racial, ethnic, socioeconomic, and gender lenses. We hope you learn something and help to bring about change. This timeline is the work of Dr. O'Brien's A Block class. en-us 2022-10-23 18:05:44 UTC 2022-10-24 12:59:41 UTC hello@padlet.com jennifer_obrien https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2352505449 This podcast episode from the 1619 Project gave us insight into the long history of racial health disparities in the US. -Dr. OB]]> 2022-10-23 18:26:15 UTC https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2352505449 https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2353488036 2022-10-24 12:28:45 UTC https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2353488036 https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2353495094 In 1951, a woman by the name of Henrietta Lacks, complaining of pain, visited a doctor where she was diagnosed with cervical cancer. The doctor removed her tumor lump and sent cells from it to a Dr. George Gey for further inspection--unbeknownst to Lacks. Upon observation they discovered her cells divided continuously--never dying out as other cell-lines had been known to do until then. This made them optimal for conducting research, testing pharmaceuticals, creating vaccines, etc.--and they still continue to be used in the medical industry today! -JW, CH, NG]]> 2022-10-24 12:33:27 UTC https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2353495094 https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2353499261 In the 1930's to 1960's, Latina Women were being sterilized in Puerto Rico without any knowledge of what they were actually signing because of the language barrier. The process was completely irreversible. About 7% of women were sterilized. They were coerced by the doctors in Puerto Rico claiming it was the only means for contraception, but the truth was they were scared of increasing diversity in the population. -MP, MH, OL, GW]]> 2022-10-24 12:36:03 UTC https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2353499261 https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2353501779
On Thursday, October 6th, 2022, the city of Philadelphia officially issued an apology regarding the treatment of Black inmates in prison, who were conducted experiments upon. https://www.npr.org/2022/10/07/1127406363/philadelphia-apologizes-experiments-black-inmates#:~:text=PHILADELPHIA%20%E2%80%94%20The%20city%20of%20Philadelphia,need%20for%20a%20formal%20apology.]]> 2022-10-24 12:37:42 UTC https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2353501779 https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2353506322 Lacks' case is an example of lack of autonomy, as well as informed consent. The decision to have her cells inspected and used in research was not up to her; it happened all without her knowledge, and she was unable to provide any consent in the matter. This lack of being informed violates the respect for persons clause, as she did not enter this research voluntarily, and her autonomy was not respected at all. It wasn't until 1971 that her family was finally informed and compensated.]]> 2022-10-24 12:40:35 UTC https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2353506322 https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2353506816 by 2000 more than 300 former prisoners reported injuries caused by the experiments, and 15 of the last test subjects, went missing.]]> 2022-10-24 12:40:54 UTC https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2353506816 https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2353507224 A judge ruled that neither of the chargers were true, citing "misunderstandings" due to the fact the women primarily spoke 
Spanish]]> 2022-10-24 12:41:10 UTC https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2353507224 https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2353520804 -Head of National Medical Association
-Medical professor at Howard University
At this time hospitals were severely segregated, black patients being treated horribly. Cobb fights for the promotion of universal health insurance. This was when the fight for universal healthcare and the fight for a desegregated healthcare system came together to become the fight for medicare. -MH]]> 2022-10-24 12:49:37 UTC https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2353520804 https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2353523070 In 1865, Rebecca Lee Crumpler moved to the South to aid newly freed slaves. She was the first doctor to be a woman and black, an inspiration for many others like her. When she got to the Southern states, she found black people dying at exponential rates due to lack of medical care. She became an employee for the Freedman Bureau Medical Division, a medical institution made specifically for black people to have access to medical care, however, they were underfunded and understaffed and could not provide optimal care. Because of this, Crumpler wrote a book dedicated to black mothers and nurses about how to treat disease, sickness, and ailments at home. ]]> 2022-10-24 12:51:01 UTC https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2353523070 https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2353531529 The city of Philadelphia admitted to conducting unethical medical experiments on mostly back people ]]> 2022-10-24 12:56:10 UTC https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2353531529 https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2353537719 before 1978 consent was not needed to perform the steralization prosedure. This caused alot of the women giving birth to have a unexpected surgery. ]]> 2022-10-24 12:59:41 UTC https://padlet.com/jennifer_obrien/g826bz4dvvm8m0cm/wish/2353537719