Marsha-Lee Samuels by Marsha-Lee Samuels https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx Mycobacterium Tuberculosis en-us 2020-10-09 18:48:10 UTC 2026-03-11 19:15:36 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/767507146/efa6a70cc412cf77469789975ae62daf/110081688_tuberculosis_infographic_symptoms_treatment_line_icons_set_vector_signs_for_web_graphics_.jpg msamuel24 https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/818423595
  • Humans acquire M. tuberculosis infections aerosolized droplets, persons with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) when they cough, sneeze, or speak, droplets containing bacteria are released into the air, and people nearby who breathe the air in gets infected.
  • A single cough can produce 3000-5000 tiny droplet nuclei. Theoretically, although a single tuberculosis bacilli may cause disease in practice 5-200 inhaled bacilli are essential for infection.
  • Two factors determine an individual risk of exposure: concentration of droplets nuclei-contaminated air, and the length of time breathing that air.
  • Occasionally infection occurs by ingestion of infected milk (M. bovis)

    • ]]>     2020-10-10 07:27:09 UTC https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/818423595     Signs & Symptoms msamuel24 https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/818433008 Signs of active TB disease include:
    • A cough that lasts more than 3 weeks
    • Chest Pain
    • Coughing up blood
    • Feeling tired all the time
    • Night Sweats
    • Chills
    • Fever
    • Loss of appetite
    • Weight loss 
    • Clubbing of the fingers may occur
    Latent TB has no symptoms. A skin or blood test can tell if you have it.
    ]]>     2020-10-10 07:49:30 UTC https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/818433008     Treatment of Tuberculosis msamuel24 https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/818433641 Anti-tuberculosis drugs destroy the tubercle bacilli, thereby preventing further complications of early primary disease and progression of the disease. These drugs are divided into the following:
    • First-line drugs: Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Ethambutol, Streptomycin (injection), and Pyrazinamide
    • Second-line drugs, used for the cases of TB where first-line drugs are ineffective include ciprofloxacin, cycloserine, ethionamide, kanamycin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, capreomycin, and others.


    ]]>     2020-10-10 07:51:01 UTC https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/818433641     Prevention msamuel24 https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/818433716 To help stop the spread of TB:
    •  For latent tuberculosis, medication is prescribed so it doesn’t become active and contagious.
    • For active Tuberculosis, limit your contact with other people, cover your mouth when you laugh, sneeze, or cough, and wear a surgical mask when you’re around other people during the first weeks of treatment.
    • If traveling to a place where TB is common, avoid spending a lot of time in crowded places with sick people.
    Tuberculosis vaccine
    Children in countries where TB is common often get the BCG vaccine. 


    ]]>     2020-10-10 07:51:12 UTC https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/818433716     Types of Tuberculosis msamuel24 https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/818441283 2020-10-10 08:08:25 UTC https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/818441283 Tuberculosis and HIV msamuel24 https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/818447685 HIV weakens the immune system, making it easy for TB to spread. For people with HIV, TB is considered to be an opportunistic infection, i.e. a person with HIV has a higher risk of developing TB and experiencing more severe symptoms than a person with a healthy immune system. Treatment for TB can be complex in a person with HIV, but a doctor can develop a comprehensive treatment plan that addresses both issues.]]> 2020-10-10 08:23:14 UTC https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/818447685 Risk Factors msamuel24 https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/819986716
    People with weakened immune systems are most likely to develop active TB. 
    • HIV
    • Smoking - Tobacco use and secondhand smoke increase the risk of developing TB. These factors also make the disease harder to treat and more likely to return after treatment.
    • low body weight
    • substance abuse disorders
    • diabetes
    • severe kidney disease
    • head and neck cancers

    Also, some medical treatments, such as an organ transplant, impede the functioning of the immune system.

    ]]>     2020-10-11 20:07:08 UTC https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/819986716     msamuel24 https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/820278737 2020-10-12 01:06:27 UTC https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/820278737 Transmission of Tuberculosis msamuel24 https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/820281036 2020-10-12 01:07:52 UTC https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/820281036 msamuel24 https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/820345941 2020-10-12 01:44:14 UTC https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/820345941 msamuel24 https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/820352587 2020-10-12 01:47:49 UTC https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/820352587 msamuel24 https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/820403346 2020-10-12 02:18:21 UTC https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/820403346 msamuel24 https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/820441158 2020-10-12 02:42:14 UTC https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/820441158 msamuel24 https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/820475840 2020-10-12 03:04:34 UTC https://padlet.com/msamuel24/g7xx9fkgs16dzdsx/wish/820475840