Paraphrase: Delaying the start of school would help students sleep better. / Student sleep patterns would improve if schools started later.

Supporting detail:

1)        This would enable them to walk into class more alert and more prepared for learning.

Paraphrase: This would help them be more alert and ready to learn when they got to class.

2)         

Paraphrase:

Specific detail:

1)        The American Academy of Sleep Medicine (2021) recommends that teenagers between the ages of 13 and 18 years should regularly sleep 8 to 10 hours per night for good health.

Paraphrase: The American Academy of Sleep Medicine (2021) as cited in Walker (2021), teens and young adults aged 13 to 18 should sleep 8 to 10 hours every night to stay healthy.

2)        Research from the University of Minnesota (2020) found that teens who get at least eight hours of sleep per night are more likely to report good overall health and less likely to experience depression or use caffeine and other substances.

Paraphrase: Research from the University of Minnesota (2020) as cited in Sunny (2022) teenagers who get at least eight hours of sleep each night are less likely to be depressed or use drugs and are more likely to say they are in good health overall.

      1. With getting an adequate amount of sleep students will allow them to be more focus and ready for the lesson (Walker,2021).

          a. As cited by Walker (2021), a study by Watson (2018), who conducted this survey on two public schools in Seattle that the students’ sleep duration will be increased to an average of 34 minutes every night after starting an hour late.

          b. Students who attended the class late usually obtained final grades which is 4.5 percent higher than the students who came earlier(Walker,2021)

1. this would enable them to walk into class more alert and more prepared for learning.

   a. the American academy of sleep medicine (2021) recommends that teenagers between the ages of 13 and 18 years should regularly sleep 8 to 10 hours per night for good health.

   b. those without enough sleep are more likely to suffer from symptoms of depression, perform poorly in school, and not engaged in daily physical activities.

2. the initiatives of later school start times should focus on middle school students because they are more susceptible to the ill effects of inadequate sleep.

   a. a study by Watsons (2018), which looked at two public schools in Seattle, found that students' sleep duration increased to an average of 34 minutes each night after start times were moved nearly an hour later.

   b. when teenagers do not get enough sleep, it can have a range of negative effects on their physical and emotional well-being.

1. This would allow the student to enter classroom more alert and better equipped for learning

a. Teens who received at least 8 hours of sleep each night are more likely to report having good overall health and are likely to take drugs or suffer despair , according to research from the University of Minnesota ( 2020)

2. This also encourage healthier sleep and lead o better physical and mental health among students

a. American Academy of pediatrics classified this matter as a public health issue and advised middle and high school to delay their start times to improve well - being of students physically and mentally