Digital Toolkit: Understanding Key Language Structures by Carolina Aguiniga

vanessa10388 — 2024-07-31 02:34:31 UTC

Teachers will be able to target areas of need in the language development of ELLs by implementing activities that will help students learn social and academic English in the four domains (Phonological awareness, n.d.)

Define Phonology

vanessa10388 — 2024-07-31 03:06:12 UTC

A system of distinct relationships between speech sounds that make up the foundation of language.

Define Morphology

vanessa10388 — 2024-07-31 03:23:52 UTC

The rules of word structure; how morphemes are used to create meaning.

Importance of Phonological Awareness

vanessa10388 — 2024-07-31 03:30:14 UTC

ELLs benefit from phonological awareness because it helps students build a foundation for oral language. These skills then facilitate the learning of written language. The ability to understand speech sounds represented by letters and letter combinations readers to move from spoken to written words using processes like blends, segmentation, addition and deletion.

Importance of Morphemic Analysis

vanessa10388 — 2024-07-31 03:32:40 UTC

Morphology helps ELLs with a variety of literacy skills including vocabulary comprehension, read aloud, spelling and reading comprehension. Students need to be able to identify morphemes or the smallest units of meaning, prefixes, suffixes, and their meaning, to get the full benefits from proficient morphemic analysis (What is morphemic analysis, 2023).

Classroom Activity #1: Sentence Game

vanessa10388 — 2024-07-31 04:16:49 UTC

While students are in line the teacher will say a sentence. Depending on how many words are in the sentence the teacher will tap the number of students on the shoulder, then the teacher will ask how many words there were (Heinricher, 2020). Repeat!

This can be differentiated for lower proficiency students by exposing students to those sentences prior to playing the game, or using common phrases used in class. Higher proficiency students can suggest a sentence

Classroom Activity #2: Rhyme Game

vanessa10388 — 2024-07-31 04:17:00 UTC

Teacher will start with three rhyming words and have students join in the game, these words could be used to make a story or simply continue finding rhyming words for fun. To make it easier teacher could direct students to the word wall that has rhyming words for assistance. For a challenge students can come up with words within one topic.

Classroom Activity #3: My Turn/Your Turn Syllable Count

vanessa10388 — 2024-07-31 04:17:18 UTC

Model clapping, stomping or tapping the syllables for objects in class, students will imitate. Then teacher will ask how many syllables were in the word. For students with lower proficiency teacher can start with one and two syllable words to gain confidence before moving to more. Higher proficiency students can identify soft vs hard syllables (Heinricher, 2020).

Classroom Activity #4: Repeat the beginning sound

vanessa10388 — 2024-07-31 04:17:33 UTC

Teacher will start with /c/-/c/- cat and continue with a few more words before prompting students to keep going with other words while repeating the first sound (Heinricher, 2020).

At-Home Activity: Super Why's Comic Book Adventures

vanessa10388 — 2024-07-31 04:18:42 UTC

To practice identifying rhyming words parents will watch the clip and then use the Watch with a Purpose tool to decorate their own watches to remind themselves that they are looking for rhyming words. Practicing rhyming helps students develop better sense of vocabulary, better reading comprehension and listening skills. It can also help with social and emotional growth, since rhymes can foster humor and creativity in students.

Classroom Activity #1: Morpheme Match-up

vanessa10388 — 2024-07-31 04:19:13 UTC

Teacher will give a morpheme and give a limited amount of time to make as many words as possible with that morpheme. Finally, students will define the words gathered. Students can be given a context to make with synonyms that would make the desired words easier to come up with. For a challenge students will identify the prefixes and suffixes with meaning.

Classroom Activity #2: Word Webs

vanessa10388 — 2024-07-31 04:19:22 UTC

Teach a new morpheme, student will use it in a sentence. Students can draw words using the morpheme in their journal, then work with a partner to come up with the most, this would be a competition with other pairs in class. Working in pairs will help the lower proficiency students, but to make it more challenging students can make a branch from a word of the web to find a morpheme with similar meaning.

Classroom Activity #3: Build Words with Legos

vanessa10388 — 2024-07-31 04:19:37 UTC

Provide students with labeled Lego pieces that have prefixes, suffixes and roots written on them, so they can create words. Beginners get only prefixes in the first round and only suffixes in the second round so they are not confused. Advanced students can find a word that has both a suffix and a prefix.

Classroom Activity #4: Criss Cross Diagrams

vanessa10388 — 2024-07-31 04:19:51 UTC

Use a paper tray that is divided into four that divided the morpheme from the prefix or suffix with criss-cross arrows that define each part. This can be done on an erase board so students can practice with multiple words.

At-Home Activity

vanessa10388 — 2024-07-31 04:19:59 UTC

This site has various printable activities to do at home like word chains or word construction. Participation in these activities can improve vocabulary and comprehension skills as students master word manipulation and easier exchanges of suffixes or prefixes to master past or present tense. Students are able to infer the meaning of new and challenging words by using these skills.

Define Syntax

vanessa10388 — 2024-08-07 03:52:39 UTC

The arrangement of words and morphemes combined to create well-formed sentences in a language.

Importance of Syntax

vanessa10388 — 2024-08-07 03:52:57 UTC

Syntax is important for both oral and written communication because English has a verb-object rule, and if not used correctly it can be hard to understand what is being said. Syntax skills are also important for reading comprehension, in more challenging texts students will need to be familiar with sentence structure to understand complex texts.

Classroom Activity #1: Sentence Scrambles

vanessa10388 — 2024-08-07 04:07:28 UTC

Start with simple sentences with few words and then increase as students achieve the correct sentence structure. If students are proficient, include challenging grammar rules for practice or exposure. This game supports beginners because it starts simple and can challenge the more proficient as complexity increases. This can also be an informal evaluation for students progress.

Classroom Activity #2: Build a Sentence Card Game

vanessa10388 — 2024-08-07 04:07:40 UTC

Use a specific set of cards for sentence building. This is a group activity where players will pull cards to make grammatically correct sentences. teachers can support by supervising the activity for accuracy. This can be differentiated by giving students with lower proficiency less cards that will yield simple sentences, to avoid confusion. While advanced students can work to create complex sentences.

Classroom Activity #3: Sentence Elaboration Activity

vanessa10388 — 2024-08-07 04:07:52 UTC

Teacher will use the 6 "W" questions to guide students through the elaboration of a simple sentence to a sentence with more structure and detail. This helps beginners see the process of creating a complex sentence and encourages advanced students to reference the "W" questions to add more detail to their sentences.

Classroom Activity #4: Eight Parts of Speech

vanessa10388 — 2024-08-07 04:08:07 UTC

For a simple independent activity students can use a worksheet to practice the eight parts of speech. Using a more challenging text as a reference for the worksheet. This activity supports beginners for exposure to detailed structure, or recognizing what words are needed to ensure a sentence is well-formed. More proficient students can work to include these parts of speech in their writing to make it polished.

At-Home Activity: Placing Apostrophes Game

vanessa10388 — 2024-08-07 04:08:19 UTC

In this game students will have an underwater adventure choosing which word best fits the simple sentence by considering the apostrophe placement of each word. This will teach students the rules of possessive nouns. This can support varied proficiency levels because the game becomes more challenging as students get the right answers, so no student will be challenged beyond what they already know. The game is explicit and easy to maneuver.

Define Semantics

vanessa10388 — 2024-08-08 02:52:52 UTC

The branch of linguistics and logic that study meaning in language.

Define Pragmatics

vanessa10388 — 2024-08-08 02:53:01 UTC

The study of how context contributes to meaning, to evaluate social interactions and the relationship between the interpreter and the interpreted.

Importance of Semantics

vanessa10388 — 2024-08-08 02:53:11 UTC

Semantics allows people to understand language and communication, both which are central to understanding culture and society. This is important for ELLs because it supports reading comprehension of more challenging texts, promotes critical thinking, and aids in the expansion of vocabulary.

Importance of Pragmatics

vanessa10388 — 2024-08-08 02:53:24 UTC

Pragmatics supports Ells because it teaches what when and how to say something. This will avoid miscommunication, facilitate communication across cultures, create positive relationships and academic success.

Classroom Activity #1: Storytelling

vanessa10388 — 2024-08-08 02:53:41 UTC

Storytelling is a great activity for children to practice with their peers, teachers can give some pieces their stories must include like setting, characters, mood, climax and more. This way students can give their peers a detailed story with creativity, this is something both beginners and advanced students can do, teachers can scaffold to help vocabulary support (Larrazabal, n.d.).

Classroom Activity #1: Acting

vanessa10388 — 2024-08-08 02:54:01 UTC

Have students act out a key words or phrases from their favorite class movie, and the audience will guess what words are being represented. This is great for beginners because they a can participate even if their oral communication is not proficient. Advanced students (and beginners) get the real-life opportunity to interpret meaning based on body language (Semantics activities, n.d.).

Classroom Activity #2: Keyword Method

vanessa10388 — 2024-08-08 02:54:16 UTC

Using this mnemonic device, students can easily retain meaning and new vocabulary using words that are key to the new word even if they are drastically different. This activity can use vocabulary of varied levels to support all proficiency levels and should be related to a topic of interest or be content-related.

Classroom Activity #2: Drawing and Painting

vanessa10388 — 2024-08-08 02:54:38 UTC

Including art activities can help students understand what other perceive from their completed artwork (theme). This social aspect can have peers ask each other questions about the art to think about what more details they can add. Beginners can have help describing their art and proficient students can focus on extensive detail.

Classroom Activity #3: Read aloud

vanessa10388 — 2024-08-08 02:55:00 UTC

Meaningful activities do not need to be complex; with a rich expository text teacher can lead students in a meaningful conversation, to expand their vocabulary, and the concepts of the text that allow them to understand the new words. Beginners can follow along with the text and advanced students can lead the conversation.

Classroom Activity #3: Board Games

vanessa10388 — 2024-08-08 02:55:08 UTC

Board games are great for prompting communication naturally, where students are to interact with each other who have different approaches to games and teamwork. Beginners should be encouraged to use their competitive skills, and use the language they know to communicate, proficient students can be partners with beginners for support.

Classroom Activity #4: Semantic Mapping

vanessa10388 — 2024-08-08 02:55:30 UTC

Using student's creative skills, a semantic map can be a onetime artistic project or a class routine. Semantic maps help organize meaning of words and relationships of meaning. Students can use content to describe the word or use their prior knowledge. Beginners can develop three simple branches and advanced students four or five detailed branches.

Classroom Activity #4: Sports

vanessa10388 — 2024-08-08 02:55:38 UTC

Sports can be a fantastic activity to motivate students and encourage social communication outside of the classroom, teachers can take a day to go outside and play. Offer two sports for students who are unfamiliar or uncomfortable one simple and another traditional like soccer. Students can practice cultural skills like teamwork, and rules to follow.

At-Home Activity

vanessa10388 — 2024-08-08 02:55:49 UTC

Have parents scroll all the way down to Our Semantic Resources, there are many links for cards and visual to practice vocabulary and concepts related to semantics like shades of meaning, homophones, synonyms and more. With these activities students can add more organized meaning to new words and connect them to new content (Teaching semantics, 2023).

At-Home Activity: Problem Solving

vanessa10388 — 2024-08-08 02:56:02 UTC

Brainstorm with your children how to solve problems in everyday life. Instead of telling children what to do, ask them what they think you should do as a parent, or what someone else should do, and offer differing perspectives. This supports all students.

Book

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Book

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Video

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Article

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Journal Article

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