https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg By Vincent Smaluk en-us 2021-08-29 18:17:25 UTC 2025-10-16 16:56:01 UTC hello@padlet.com vsmaluk https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702864192 Wilhelm Wundt opens the first psychology laboratory at the University of Leipzig in Germany. ]]> 2021-08-29 19:07:44 UTC https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702864192 vsmaluk https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702867551 The APA, or American Psychological Association, is founded by Stanly Hall. He becomes its first president.]]> 2021-08-29 19:15:24 UTC https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702867551 vsmaluk https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702870562 Lightner Witmer, former head of a lab at the University of Pennsylvania, opens the first psychology clinic to patients ]]> 2021-08-29 19:21:29 UTC https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702870562 vsmaluk https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702876823 Sigmund Freud introduces the theory of Psychoanalysis when he publishes his first book "The Interpretation of Dreams."]]> 2021-08-29 19:36:43 UTC https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702876823 vsmaluk https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702880094 Edward Titchener's published "Manuel of Experimental Psychology" introduces the idea of Structuralism. Structuralism is an approach to Psychology that aims to identify the most basic elements of consciousness.]]> 2021-08-29 19:43:01 UTC https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702880094 vsmaluk https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702896836 Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon develop a scale based on the results of standardized testing that defines general intelligence based on mental age. This would later be refined into the Intelligence Quotient, or IQ.]]> 2021-08-29 20:17:49 UTC https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702896836 vsmaluk https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702899705 John B. Watson publishes "Psychology as Behavior" establishing Behaviorism. Behaviorism, in contrast to Psychoanalysis, focuses on behaviors that are observable. ]]> 2021-08-29 20:23:48 UTC https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702899705 vsmaluk https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702905698 Psychiatrist Hermann Rorschach develops a new personality test based on how a patient interprets an inkblot.]]> 2021-08-29 20:37:46 UTC https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702905698 vsmaluk https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702908568 Psychiatrist Hans Berger invents the Electroencephalogram, a machine that graphs the electrical activity of the brain via electrodes attached to the head of the patient. ]]> 2021-08-29 20:43:00 UTC https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702908568 vsmaluk https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702916081 Ivan Pavlov, a Russian psychologist, conducted an experiment with dogs involving their reactions to food. He discovered that dogs could be trained to salivate for food without there actually being food. If a specific event occurred when the dogs got their food, the dogs could be conditioned to salivate to that specific event, because they associate it with their food. This study was named "The Theory of Classical Conditioning."]]> 2021-08-29 20:58:53 UTC https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702916081 vsmaluk https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702966108 B.F. Skinner continues to expand on Pavlov's ideas and promote Behaviorism. He publishes "The Behavior of Organisms" and introduces the idea of operant conditioning, which uses positive and negative reinforcement to strengthen or weaken behavioral patterns.]]> 2021-08-29 22:44:36 UTC https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702966108 vsmaluk https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702972647 Maslow publishes "Motivation and Personality," which details his methods that center around the conscious mind, human dignity, and free will. This later becomes called Humanistic Psychology]]> 2021-08-29 22:56:30 UTC https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702972647 vsmaluk https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702975772 The school of Gestalt began with the publication of "The Experimental Studies of The Perception of Movement" by Max Wertheimer. The three main proponents were Wertheimer, Wolfgang Kohler, and Kurt Koffka. Gestalt emphasizes that the whole is greater than the sum of it's parts.]]> 2021-08-29 23:02:06 UTC https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1702975772 vsmaluk https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1703067489 Walter Freeman preformed the first Frontal Lobotomy in the United States. This procedure severs the connection to the prefrontal cortex, which is the front section on the brain's frontal lobe. It was intended to help patients with severe  psychosis, but was very controversial.]]> 2021-08-30 00:17:26 UTC https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1703067489 vsmaluk https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1703091237 Ugo Cerletti, an Italian psychiatrist and neuropathologist, first put into practice a method of treatment that relied on administering electric shocks to patients to help treat disorders like psychosis and schizophrenia. Although controversial, it was proven to be effective in some cases. ]]> 2021-08-30 00:28:41 UTC https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1703091237 vsmaluk https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1703352882 Richard Dawkins publishes his book "The Selfish Gene." This book promotes evolutionary psychology, a form of Psychology in which principles known about evolutionary biology and applies them to the human brain.]]> 2021-08-30 02:12:26 UTC https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1703352882 vsmaluk https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1703402837 Carl Rogers published his book "Counseling and Psychotherapy," establishing the practice of Client-Centered therapy. Client-Centered Therapy is a method in which the Therapist acts as a partner to the patient and does not pass judgement on them and do not offer direct solutions, but rather help the individual develop those solutions.]]> 2021-08-30 02:30:59 UTC https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1703402837 vsmaluk https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1703411501 Abraham Maslow first introduced his concept of the "Hierarchy of Needs" in his 1943 paper, "A Theory of Human Motivation," suggesting that people fulfill their basic needs before moving onto higher ones.]]> 2021-08-30 02:34:10 UTC https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1703411501 vsmaluk https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1703483224 In his book, "Acts of Meaning, Four Lectures on Mind and Culture," Burner formulates an approach to psychology that draws on philosophy and anthropology. This approach, called Cultural Psychology, focuses on influence from ones culture and community.]]> 2021-08-30 03:00:16 UTC https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1703483224 vsmaluk https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1703534071 In 1919, Jean Piaget noticed that children of different ages were having trouble solving problems, but in different ways. This prompted him to consider the fact that children were not just small adults but were at different stages of mental development.]]> 2021-08-30 03:20:07 UTC https://padlet.com/vsmaluk/g1xupj29qi9gn4yg/wish/1703534071