Pronunciation: Us ( /ɡloʊ/ ) Uk ( /ɡləʊ/ )

Definition: to produce a continuous light and sometimes heat

Example: This substance is so radioactive that it glows in the dark.

Pronunciation: Us ( /splɪt/ )  Uk ( /splɪt/ )

Definition: to divide into two or more parts, especially along a particular line

Example: The teacher split the children into three groups.

Pronunciation: Us ( /swɪŋ/ ) Uk ( /swɪŋ/ )

Definition: to move easily and without interruption backwards and forwards or from one side to the other, especially from a fixed point, or to cause something or someone to do this

Example: The door swung open

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈtʃæt̬.ɚ.bɑːks/ )  Uk ( /ˈtʃæt.ə.bɒks/ )

Definition: a person, especially a child, who talks a lot

Example: Your sister's a real chatterbox

Pronunciation: Us (/ˈɡeɪt.weɪ/ )  Uk ( /ˈɡeɪt.weɪ/ )

Definition: a place through which you have to go to get to a particular area

Example: Manchester is known as the gateway to the north

Pronunciation: Us ( /dɪˈtætʃ.mənt/ ) Uk ( /dɪˈtætʃ.mənt/ )

Definition: a group of soldiers who are separated from the main group in order to perform a particular duty

Example: A detachment of Italian soldiers was sent to the area.

Pronunciation: Us ( /depθ/ ) Uk ( /depθ/ )

Definition: the distance down either from the top of something to the bottom, or to a distance below the top surface of something

Example: the depth of a lake/pond

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈweɪ.t̬ɚ/ ) Uk ( /ˈweɪ.tər/ )

Definition: a man whose job is to bring the food to customers at their tables in a restaurant

Example: The waiter handed me the menu with a flourish.

Pronunciation: Us ( /poʊk/ ) Uk ( /pəʊk/ )

Definition: to push a finger or other pointed object quickly into someone or something

Example: You'll poke someone in the eye with that umbrella if you're not careful!

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈpen ˌpæl/ ) Uk ( /ˈpen ˌpæl/ )

Definition: someone who you exchange letters with as a hobby, but usually have not met

Example: I've got a pen pal in Australia.

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˌdiːˈskɪl/ ) Uk ( /ˌdiːˈskɪl/ )

Definition: to reduce the amount of skill that someone needs to do a particular job

Example: New technology has been used to deskill many jobs.

Pronunciation: Us ( /eɪd/ ) Uk ( /eɪd/ )

Definition: Help o support

Example: She went to the aid of a man trapped in his car

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈmaʊn.tən ˌreɪndʒ/ ) Uk ( /ˈmaʊn.tɪn ˌreɪndʒ/ ) 

Definition: a group or line of mountains with a particular name

Example: A rugged mountain range splits the island into north and south

Pronunciation: Us ( /ʃæk/ ) Uk ( /ʃæk/ )

Definition: a very simple and small building made from pieces of wood, metal, or other materials

Example: The family lived in a one-room shack

Pronunciation: Us ( /swel/ ) Uk ( /swel/ )

Definition: to become larger and rounder than usual; to (cause to) increase in size or amount

Example: It was obvious she had broken her toe, because it immediately started to swell

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈɡɑːd.li/ ) Uk ( /ˈɡɒd.li/ )

Definition: obeying and respecting God

Example: a godly man

Pronunciation: Us ( /led/ ) Uk ( /led/ )

Definition: to control a group of people, a country, or a situation

Example: I've asked Gemma to lead the discussion

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˌɑːn.trə.prəˈnɝː/ ) Uk ( /ˌɒn.trə.prəˈnɜːr/ )

Definition: someone who starts their own business, especially when this involves seeing a new opportunity

Example: He was one of the entrepreneurs of the 80s who made their money in property

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˌɑːn.trə.prəˈnɝː.ʃɪp/ ) Uk ( /ˌɒn.trə.prəˈnɜː.ʃɪp/ )

Definition: skill in starting new businesses, especially when this involves seeing new opportunities

Example: Extraordinary public entrepreneurship is required

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈmʌn.tʃiz/ ) Uk ( /ˈmʌn.tʃiz/ )

Definition: small light things to eat

Example: We need a few munchies - some peanuts and crackers

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈʃeɪm.ləs/ ) Uk ( /ˈʃeɪm.ləs/ )

Definition: not ashamed, especially about something generally considered unacceptable

Example: She is completely shameless about her ambition

Pronunciation: Us ( /θɪk/ ) Uk ( /θɪk/ )

Definition: having a large distance between two sides

Example: The walls are two metres thick

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈkoʊ.zi/ ) Uk ( /ˈkəʊ.zi/ )

Definition: comfortable and pleasant, especially because of being small and warm

Example: This room is nice and cosy in the winter

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˌdiː.haɪˈdreɪt/ ) Uk ( /ˌdiː.haɪˈdreɪt/ )

Definition: to lose water, or to cause water to be lost from something, especially from a person's body

Example: You'll dehydrate very quickly in this heat if you don't drink lots of water.

Pronunciation: Us ( kənˈveɪ/ ) Uk ( /kənˈveɪ/ )

Definition: to express a thought, feeling, or idea so that it is understood by other people

Example: Please convey our condolences to the family

Pronunciation: Us ( /riˈeɪ.li.ə/ ) Uk ( /riˈeɪ.li.ə/ )

Definition: real objects or pieces of writing, used to help teach students in a class

Example: Visuals, hands-on objects, and realia, although important, can lead to problematic classroom

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈmɑː.kɪŋ/ ) Uk ( /ˈmɒk.ɪŋ/ )

Definition: mocking behaviour involves laughing at someone or something in an unkind way

Example: a mocking voice

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈbʌn.jən/ ) Uk ( /ˈbʌn.jən/ )

Definition: a painful swelling on the first joint of the big toe

Example: In older people, other conditions such as corns, callus formation, deformities and bunions

Pronunciation: Us ( /stʌft/ ) Uk ( /stʌft/  )

Definition: A stuffed animal or bird is filled with special material so that it keeps the shape it had when it was alive

Example: a collection of stuffed birds

Pronunciation: Us ( /ɡaʊn/ ) Uk ( /ɡaʊn/ ) 

Definition: a woman's dress, especially a long one worn on formal occasions

Example: She wore a beautiful satin gown to the senior prom

Pronunciation: Us () Uk () 

Definition: any type of plant that climbs or grows along the ground and has twisting stems

Example: Ivy is a type of vine.

Pronunciation: Us ( /jɑːt/ ) Uk ( /jɒt/ ) 

Definition: a boat with sails and sometimes an engine, used for either racing or travelling on for pleasure

Example: a luxury yacht

Pronunciation: Us ( /bʌmp/ ) Uk ( /bʌmp/ ) 

Definition: to hit something with force

Example: She bumped into his tray, knocking the food onto his lap

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈwɪnd.paɪp/ ) Uk ( /ˈwɪnd.paɪp/ )

Definition: the tube in the body that carries air that has been breathed in from the upper end of the throat to the lungs

Example: She coughed and choked when a piece of food went down her windpipe

Pronunciation: Us ( /pɝːs/ ) Uk ( /pɜːs/ ) 

Definition: a small container for money, usually used by a woman

Example: a leather purse

Pronunciation: Us ( /kriːk/ ) Uk ( /kriːk/ ) 

Definition: a narrow area of water that flows into the land from the sea, a lake, etc

Example: I'm going to sail to the mouth of the Thames and then let the tide take me up a creek

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈbæŋ.krʌpt/ ) Uk ( /ˈbæŋ.krʌpt/ ) 

Definition: unable to pay what you owe, and having had control of your financial matters given, by a law court, to a person who sells your property to pay your debts

Example: He went bankrupt after only a year in business.

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˌæn.taɪˈker.iːz/ ) Uk ( /ˌæn.tiˈkeə.riːz/ ) 

Definition: preventing or limiting tooth decay

Example: They investigated the anticaries efficacy of mouthwash

Pronunciation: Us ( /ɑːrˈθroʊ.sɪs/ ) Uk ( /ɑːˈθrəʊ.sɪs/ ) 

Definition: disease of the joints (= places where two bones join together)

Example: arthrosis of the wrist joint

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈkæl.əs/ ) Uk ( /ˈkæl.əs/ )

Definition: an area of hard skin, especially on the feet or hands

Example: He had workman's hands which were rough and covered with calluses

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˌɑːrtʃˈbɪʃ.əp/ ) Uk ( /ˌɑːtʃˈbɪʃ.əp/ )

Definition: a bishop of the highest rank who is in charge of churches and other bishops in a particular large area

Example: The Archbishop of Canterbury holds the highest position in the Church of England

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˌhæl.si.ən ˈdeɪz/ ) Uk ( /ˌhæl.si.ən ˈdeɪz/ )

Definition: a very happy or successful period in the past

Example: She recalled the halcyon days of her youth.

Pronunciation: Us ( /enˈdɔːr.fɪn/ ) Uk ( /enˈdɔː.fɪn/ )

Definition: a chemical naturally, released in the brain to reduce pain, that in large amounts can make you feel relaxed or full of energy

Example: It is not beyond the realm of possibility that we could use genetic therapy to induce the body to produce endorphins

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈtek.staɪl/ ) Uk ( /ˈtek.staɪl/ )

Definition: a cloth made by hand or machine

Example: The textile Industry

Pronunciation: Us ( /tɑːs/ ) Uk ( /tɒs/ )

Definition: to throw something carelessly

Example: The bull tossed him up into the air.

Pronunciation: Us ( /hɝːl/ ) Uk ( /hɜːl/ )

Definition: to throw something with a lot of force, usually in an angry or violent way

Example: In a fit of temper he hurled the book across the room

Pronunciation: Us ( /rɪˈbel.i.əs.nəs/ ) Uk ( /rɪˈbel.i.əs.nəs/ )

Definition: the act of opposing the ideas of the people in authority and planning to change the system, often using force

Example:  The area is most famed for its history of rebelliousness leading up to the revolution.

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈrest.ləs.nəs/ ) Uk ( /ˈrest.ləs.nəs/ )

Definition: the quality of being unwilling or unable to stay still or to be quiet and calm, because you are worried or bored

Example: Side effects can include restlessness and irritability.

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˌɑːf.θælˈmɑː.lə.dʒɪst/ ) Uk (  /ˌɒf.θælˈmɒl.ə.dʒɪst/  )

Definition: a doctor who treats eye diseases

Example: This cost must almost triple, before it becomes more expensive than current screening by ophthalmologists.

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈbliː.tʃɚz/ ) Uk ( /ˈbliː.tʃəz/  )

Definition: a sloping area of seats at a sports field that are not covered and are therefore not expensive to sit in

Example: "She´s Cheer capitain, and I´m on the bleachers"

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈdrɪŋ.kə.bəl/ ) Uk ( /ˈdrɪŋ.kə.bəl/ )

Definition: clean and safe to drink

Example: Is this water drinkable?

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈlɑkˌsmɪθ/ ) Uk ( /ˈlɒk.smɪθ/ ) 

Definition: a person who repairs and/or makes locks and supplies keys

Example: But in the process the safebreakers turned the locksmiths into the aristocracy of science.

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈbʊtʃ.ɚ/ ) Uk (  /ˈbʊtʃ.ər/ )

Definition: a person who sells meat in a shop

Example: My father´s worked as a butcher

Pronunciation: Us ( /tɪˈzæn/ ) Uk ( /tɪˈzæn/ )

Definition: a drink made by pouring boiling water onto particular types of dried or fresh flowers or leaves

Example: A tisane made from the plant was also used to treat mouth and throat infections

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈbɪt̬.ɚ/ ) Uk ( /ˈbɪt.ər/ )

Definition:Someone who is bitter is angry and unhappy because they cannot forget bad things that happened in the past

Example: I feel very bitter about my childhood and all that I went through.

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈpet ˈpiv/ ) 

Definition: something that especially annoys you

Example: Weak coffee is one of my pet peeves.

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈbɔɪ.stɚ.əs/ ) Uk (  /ˈbɔɪ.stər.əs/ )

Definition: noisy, energetic, and rough

Example: boisterous children

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈduː.bi.əs/ ) Uk ( /ˈdʒuː.bi.əs/ )

Definition: thought not to be completely true or not able to be trusted

Example: These claims are dubious and not scientifically proven.

Pronunciation: Us ( /həˈræŋ/ ) Uk ( /həˈræŋ/ )

Definition: to speak to someone or a group of people, often for a long time, in a forceful and sometimes angry way, especially to persuade them

Example: A drunk in the station was haranguing passers-by.

Pronunciation: Us ( /liˈeɪz/ ) Uk ( /liˈeɪz/ )

Definition: to speak to people in other organizations, etc. in order to work with them or exchange information with them

Example: Our head office will liaise with the suppliers to ensure delivery

Pronunciation: Us ( /bræɡ/ ) Uk ( /bræɡ/ )

Definition: to speak too proudly about what you have done or what you own

Example: She's always bragging about how much money she earns.

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈnɪp.i/ ) Uk (  /ˈnɪp.i/ )

Definition: Cold

Example:  It´s a bit nippy outside

Pronunciation: Us ( /praɪ/ ) Uk ( /praɪ/ )

Definition: to try to find out private facts about a person

Example:  As a reporter, I was paid to pry into other people's lives.

Pronunciation: Us (/əˈlʊr/ ) Uk ( /əˈljʊər/) ( /əˈlʊər/)

Definition: the quality of being attractive, interesting, or exciting

Example: the allure of working in television

Pronunciation: Us (/roʊ/ ) Uk ( /rəʊ/)

Definition: a line of things, people, animals, etc. arranged next to each other

Example: We had seats in the front/back row of the theatre.

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈkʌm.bɚ.səm/ ) Uk ( /ˈkʌm.bə.səm/ )

Definition: awkward because of being large, heavy, or not effective

Example: cumbersome equipment

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈæɡ.rə.veɪt/) Uk (/ˈæɡ.rə.veɪt/ )

Definition: to make a bad situation worse

Example: Attempts to restrict parking in the city centre have further aggravated the problem of traffic congestion.

Pronunciation: Us () Uk ()

Definition: to be nervous or worried

Example: Don't fret - I'm sure he's OK.

Pronunciation: Us (/næɡ/ ) Uk ( /næɡ/)

Definition: to criticize or complain often in an annoying way, especially in order to try and make someone do something

Example: My mum's always nagging me to get my hair cut.

Pronunciation: Us ( /əˈpɔːl/) Uk ( /əˈpɑːl/)

Definition: to make someone have strong feelings of shock or of disapproval

Example: The state of the kitchen appalled her.

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈslʌɡ.ɪʃ/) Uk ( /ˈslʌɡ.ɪʃ/)

Definition: moving or operating more slowly than usual and with less energy or power

Example: A heavy lunch makes me sluggish in the afternoon.

Pronunciation: Us (/ˈtiː.di.əs/ ) Uk ( /ˈtiː.di.əs/ )

Definition: Boring

Example: a tedious job

Pronunciation: Us ( /steɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/) Uk ( /steɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/)

Definition: a holiday that you take at home or near your home rather than travelling to another place

Example: It's easy to have a staycation in a place like NYC.

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈsnuː.t̬i/) Uk ( /ˈsnuː.ti/)

Definition: behaving in an unfriendly way because you believe you are better than other people

Example: She was one of those really snooty sales assistants that you often find in expensive shops.

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈren.dɚ/) Uk ( /ˈren.dər/)

Definition: to cause someone or something to be in a particular state

Example: New technology has rendered my old computer obsolete.

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈliː.weɪ/) Uk ( /ˈliː.weɪ/ )

Definition: freedom to act within particular limits

Example: Local councils will be given some leeway as to how they implement the legislation.

Pronunciation: Us (/rɪst/) Uk (/rɪst/)

Definition: the part of the body between the hand and the arm

Example: I sprained my wrist playing tennis.

Pronunciation: Us (/riːθ/)  Uk (/riːθ/)

Definition: an arrangement of flowers and leaves in a circular shape, used as a decoration or as a sign of respect and remembrance for a person who has died

Example: a holly/laurel wreath

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈwɪl.paʊ.ɚ/) Uk (/ˈwɪl.paʊər/)

Definition: the ability to control your own thoughts and the way in which you behave

Example: It took a lot of willpower to stay calm.

 

Pronunciation: Us (/wɪŋk/) Uk (/wɪŋk/)

Definition: to close one eye for a short time as a way of greeting someone or showing friendliness, sexual interest, etc., or of showing that you are not serious about something you have said

Example: Laura winked at me as Stephen turned his back.

Pronunciation: Us (/ɡeɪz/) Uk (/ɡeɪz/)

Definition: to look at something or someone for a long time, especially in surprise or admiration, or because you are thinking about something else

Example: Annette gazed admiringly at Warren as he spoke.

Pronunciation: Us (/ˈbɑːr.ɡɪn/) Uk (/ˈbɑː.ɡɪn/ )

Definition: something on sale at a lower price than its true value

Example: This coat was half-price - a real bargain.

Pronunciation: Us (/ˈlækˌlʌs.tɚ/) Uk (/ˈlækˌlʌs.tər/)

Definition: without energy and effort

Example: Britain's number-one tennis player gave a disappointingly lacklustre performance.

Pronunciation: Us (/ˈslæk.ɚ/) Uk ( /ˈslæk.ər/)

Definition: a person who does not work hard enough

Example: Those slackers have gone home early again.

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈræb.aɪ/) Uk ( /ˈræb.aɪ/ )

Definition: a religious leader and teacher in the Jewish religion

Example: Rabbi Jonathan Sacks

Pronunciation: Us (/ˈwɪt̬.i/) Uk (/ˈwɪt.i/)

Definition: using words in a clever and funny way

Example: a witty comment/remark

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈæp.ə.θi/) Uk ( /ˈæp.ə.θi/)

Definition: behaviour that shows no interest or energy and shows that someone is unwilling to take action, especially over something important:

Example: widespread apathy among students

Pronunciation: Us (/ˈdeɪ.breɪk/) Uk (/ˈdeɪ.breɪk/)

Definition: the period in the day when light from the sun begins to appear in the sky

Example: At daybreak one morning there was a sudden burst of shouting, drumming, and the staccato of horses' hooves.

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈɡliː.mɪŋ/) Uk ( /ˈɡliː.mɪŋ/)

Definition: bright and shiny from being cleaned:

Example: a gleaming kitchen

Pronunciation: Us (/tʃɑːrdʒ/) Uk (/tʃɑːdʒ/)

Definition: to ask an amount of money for something, especially a service or activity

Example: How much do you charge for a haircut and blow-dry?

Pronunciation: Us (/ˈæb.rə.ɡeɪt/) Uk ( /ˈæb.rə.ɡeɪt/)

Definition: to end a law, agreement, or custom formally

Example: The treaty was abrogated in 1929.

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈhʊd.wɪŋk/) Uk ( /ˈhʊd.wɪŋk/)

Definition: to deceive or trick someone

Example: He hoodwinked us into agreeing.

Pronunciation: Us (/ˌver.ə.səˈmɪl.ə.tuːd/) Uk (/ˌver.ɪ.sɪˈmɪl.ɪ.tʃuːd/)

Definition: the quality of seeming true or of having the appearance of being real

Example: She has included photographs in the book to lend verisimilitude to the story.

Pronunciation: Us ( /ɑːmˈnɪʃ.ənt/) Uk (/ɒmˈnɪs.i.ənt/)

Definition: having or seeming to have unlimited knowledge

Example: God is omniscient.

Pronunciation: Us (/pəˈluː.sɪd/) Uk (/pəˈluː.sɪd/)

Definition: very clear and shining

Example: the pellucid water

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈkɔːr.ə.skeɪ.t̬ɪŋ/) Uk ( /ˈkɒr.ə.skeɪ.tɪŋ/)

Definition: extremely intelligent and exciting or humorous

Example:  He's known for his coruscating wit.

Pronunciation: Us (/kiː/) Uk (/kiː)

Definition: a long structure, usually built of stone, where boats can be tied up to take on and off their goods

Example: The dock area was full of dilapidated warehouses and quays.

Pronunciation: Us (/jæŋk/) Uk ( /jæŋk/)

Definition: to pull something forcefully with a quick movement

Example: He tripped over the cord and yanked the plug out.

Pronunciation: Us ( /koʊˈiː.vəl/) Uk (/kəʊˈiː.vəl/)

Definition: of the same age or existing at the same time as another person or thing

Example: The abundant reef growth on Gotland was shown to be coeval with that in Estonia.

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈtʃɝː.lɪʃ/) Uk (/ˈtʃɜː.lɪʃ/)

Definition: rude, unfriendly, and unpleasant

Example: They invited me to dinner and I thought it would be churlish to refuse.

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈfɪʃ.ən) Uk (/ˈfɪʃ.ən/)

Definition: the process of dividing the nucleus of an atom, resulting in the release of a large amount of energy 

Example: nuclear fission

Pronunciation: Us (/rɪˈnaʊn/) Uk (/rɪˈnaʊn/)

Definition: the state of being famous

Example: a woman of great renown

Pronunciation: Us (/ɪˈfiːt/) Uk ( /ɪˈfiːt/)

Definition: weak and without much power

Example: With nothing to do all day the aristocracy had grown effete and lazy.

 

Pronunciation: Us (/vaɪˌtuː.pəˈreɪ.ʃən/) Uk (/vaɪˌtʃuː.pərˈeɪ.ʃən/)

Definition: language that is full of hate, or angry criticism

Example: No one else attracted such vituperation from him.

Pronunciation: Us (/kɑːrp/) Uk (/kɑːp/)

Definition: a large fish that lives in lakes and rivers and can be eaten

Example: I fish a carp

Pronunciation: Us (/ˈer.ənt/) Uk (/ˈær.ənt/)

Definition: used to say how bad something is

Example: He dismissed the rumours as `arrant nonsense'

Pronunciation: Us (/esˈpaʊz/) Uk (/esˈpaʊz/)

Definition:to become involved with or support an activity or opinion

Example: Vegetarianism is one cause she does not espouse.

Pronunciation: Us ( /fesˈtuːn/) Uk (/fesˈtuːn/)

Definition: to decorate a room or other place for a special occasion by hanging coloured paper, lights, or flowers around it, especially in curves

Example: The hall was festooned with Christmas lights and holly.

Pronunciation: Us (/ˈtʃeɪ.sən/) Uk (/ˈtʃeɪ.sən/)

Definition: to make someone understand that they have failed or done something wrong and make them want to improve

Example: He was chastened by the defeat and determined to work harder.

Pronunciation: Us ( /ˈsɔːr.dɪd/) Uk (/ˈsɔː.dɪd/)

Definition: dirty and unpleasant

Example: There are lots of really sordid apartments in the city's poorer areas.