Mass Extinctions by Caitlin Hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr Five Times The World Was Nearly Wiped Clean en-us 2017-06-09 19:13:49 UTC 2017-06-14 20:09:59 UTC hello@padlet.com https://res.cloudinary.com/dk-find-out/image/upload/q_80,w_1920,f_auto/MonolophosaurusHiRes_usl6ti.jpg The first mass extinction to occur was the Ordovician Extinction. It occurred over 444 million years ago when life forms were just beginning to become vertebrates. caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175793579 2017-06-08 20:20:48 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175793579 This mass extinction wiped out nearly 80% of all living things on earth. Specifically marine animals were affected in this event. caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175793726 2017-06-08 20:22:29 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175793726 The cause of the world's third largest extinction is most likely because of volcanic activity. Rapid climate change and global cooling were also big factors. The animals couldn't handle such a drastic change in their environment. caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175793817 2017-06-08 20:23:36 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175793817 This was the second mass extinction to occur a little over 365 million years ago. caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175793955 2017-06-08 20:25:30 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175793955 This time, only a little more than half of the species on earth were killed, and all in a short period of time. caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175794022 2017-06-08 20:26:07 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175794022 It is unknown exactly how this extinction was casued, but we can assume volcanc activity was to blame once again as the tropical marine animals were the most affected. caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175794068 2017-06-08 20:26:40 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175794068 It is likely that this extinction occurred due to volcanic activity. caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175916426 2017-06-09 19:24:50 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175916426 THE ORDOVICIAN EXTINCTION caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175916648 2017-06-09 19:27:36 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175916648 THE DEVONIAN EXTINCTION caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175916772 2017-06-09 19:29:17 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175916772 THE PERMIAN-TRIASSIC EXTINCTION caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175916788 2017-06-09 19:29:31 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175916788 By the time of each extinction, the animals that had survived began the process Natural Selection. This is where organisms better adapt to their environment in order to survive. This helped them live in the new environment after the extinction occurred. caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175917012 2017-06-09 19:33:45 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175917012 The movement of genes from one generation to another (gene flow) can sometimes cause mutations or variations in the alleles. This is what make offspring differnet from their parents and siblings. caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175920468 2017-06-09 20:42:56 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175920468 Often times it is hard for a male to find a mate because the female of their species is usually very specific about what characteristics they are looking for in a male. This is called sexual selection. caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175920554 2017-06-09 20:45:03 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175920554 Sometimes, a species dies off not just because they aren't capable of surviving or they are lacking in abilities, but because the species is just very unlucky. A species can't know when a mass extinction is going to occur and if they are wiped out because of it it is known as genetic drift. caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175920595 2017-06-09 20:45:51 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175920595 VOCABULARY TERMS caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175920780 Definitions, Fun Facts, and Extras]]> 2017-06-09 20:49:52 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175920780 Homologous Structures are bones or organs that appear similar or the same in multiple species. They usually serve similar functions in these animals as well. An example would be a human and an alligator. We both have the humerous bone and we both use them for similar reasons: to move our arms and perform tasks. caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175920927 2017-06-09 20:52:05 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175920927 After each extinction occurred and the destruction stopped, evolution was free to resume again. There are three main types of evolution: divergent, convergent, and parallel caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921046 2017-06-09 20:54:47 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921046 A caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921123 2017-06-09 20:56:27 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921123 A caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921141 2017-06-09 20:56:55 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921141 A caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921146 2017-06-09 20:56:59 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921146 A caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921149 2017-06-09 20:57:01 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921149 A caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921150 2017-06-09 20:57:03 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921150 A caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921152 2017-06-09 20:57:04 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921152 An unused or not needed organ in an animal is called a vestigial organ. These organs. These are often times organs that have continued in the generations of their species through multiple evolutions and over time have lost their use. caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921234 2017-06-09 20:58:36 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921234 THE TRIASSIC-JURASSIC caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921305 2017-06-09 21:00:27 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921305 This was the fourth and mass extinction to wipe out species on our earth. It took place a little over 210 million years ago. caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921312 2017-06-09 21:00:46 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921312 This one a very special mass extinction. It killed off most of the vertebrates and many other species that thrived at the time. Floods of lava from volcanic eruptions wiped out nearly 70% of the species on earth. However, these lava floods could not kill everybody. The Triassic-Jurassic extinction led to the dinosaurs of the world flourishing. They became the biggest species there was and they more or less ran the world. caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921472 2017-06-09 21:05:20 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921472 CRETACEOUS-TERTIARY caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921974 2017-06-09 21:14:40 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921974 The fifth and most recent of the five mass extinctions was during the Cretaceous-Tertiary period. caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921996 2017-06-09 21:15:10 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175921996 Unlike the other catastrophes, this extinction was most likely caused by an asteroid strike. Something strong enough to wipe out the dinosaurs would have to be bog and strong. The impact of the asteroid on earth's surface nearly caused global extinction. Along with the dinosaurs, half of the others species on earth were killed off. caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175922032 2017-06-09 21:16:00 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175922032 The dinosaurs were not so lucky this time as they were all wiped out in this extinction. caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175922085 2017-06-09 21:17:07 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175922085 MORE THAN 90% OF ORGANISMS THAT HAVE LIVED ON THIS EARTH ARE EXTINCT. WONDER WHY? IT'S THANKS TO THE FIVE MASS EXTINCTIONS WE HAVE HAD DURING EARTH'S 540 MILLION YEARS OF LIFE. caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175922176 2017-06-09 21:19:33 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/175922176 There are many different kinds of evolution. One of which is called Molecular Evolution, which is the process of change in a sequence of a cellular molecule such as DNA or RNA caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176158669 2017-06-12 20:37:10 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176158669 S caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176159240 2017-06-12 20:43:52 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176159240 T caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176159265 2017-06-12 20:44:02 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176159265 S caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176159287 2017-06-12 20:44:09 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176159287 S caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176159295 2017-06-12 20:44:12 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176159295 S caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176159301 2017-06-12 20:44:15 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176159301 S caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176159305 2017-06-12 20:44:18 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176159305 Divergent caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176159375 2017-06-12 20:45:02 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176159375 Parallel caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176159393 2017-06-12 20:45:18 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176159393 Convergent caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176159403 2017-06-12 20:45:26 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176159403 Variation, Inheritance, Selection, and Time are the main and most important principles when it comes to evolution. These are the keys something needs to evolve. Of course, an organism must vary from what it was originally like, that much is obvious. Inheritance comes next, it's what the offspring inherit from their parents and what it doesn't that begins the journey of evolution. Some things are inherited, some things are not. Then comes selection, which has to do with the fact that only organisms best adapted to their environment will be able to survive in it. This is called natural selection. And finally, one needs time to evolve. Evolution doesn't not just happen over night. That's why it took us so long too become who we are. Time is one of the main keys to evolution. caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176159968 2017-06-12 20:51:42 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176159968 Ontogeny Recapitulates Phylogeny is the theory that, throughout each phase in the development of an organism, an embryo goes through all the forms of their ancestors throughout evolution. This theory has been discredited, however, as it has been proven not to be fully true. caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176160931 2017-06-12 21:06:52 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176160931 Caitlin Hulsey Period 6 caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176422905 2017-06-14 15:41:15 UTC https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176422905 In conclusion, there have been five mass extinctions on our planet and over 90% of all organisms to ever live on this planet have been wiped out with them. Now the question is, will we be next? caitlin_hulsey https://padlet.com/caitlin_hulsey/fvslmsii20xr/wish/176426438 sources
www.nationalgeographic.com/science/prehistoric-world/mass-extinction
www.bbc.co.uk/nature/extinction_events
www.amnh.org/exhibitions/dinosaurs-ancient-fossils.../extinction/mass-extinction/

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