A338 l10 by SAMUEL TANG KWOK YEW https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco Made with a little mischief en-us 2022-01-20 05:19:14 UTC 2026-01-23 01:00:53 UTC hello@padlet.com chesapeake bay foundation https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002071472 - a non-profit organization focusing on conserving the chesapeake bay
- high levels of human activities like agriculture, chemical pollution, etc, were affecting the bay 

]]> 2022-01-20 05:30:36 UTC https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002071472 management practices applejuiize https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002073638 conservation practices - BMPs that help reduce soil and fertilizer run-off, proper management of animal waste, protect water and air quality on farms]]> 2022-01-20 05:32:07 UTC https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002073638 why the company operate using BMP practices, and the importance of BMP in their industry/ field. 200016814 https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002076778 2022-01-20 05:34:50 UTC https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002076778 benefits of using BMPs https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002077090 - production costs has been reduced 
- the practises adopted was able to reduced the amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus per dollar spent 
- nitrogen pollution from non-point sources was reduced by 60%]]> 2022-01-20 05:35:07 UTC https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002077090 200016814 https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002078215 Helps to reduce nutrient pollution and restore benthic communities like oysters]]> 2022-01-20 05:36:06 UTC https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002078215 Effect and outcomes of BMP 200206521 https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002078540 2022-01-20 05:36:26 UTC https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002078540 200016814 https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002080079 A guideline, not a certificate given to agricultural and aquaculture farmers]]> 2022-01-20 05:37:49 UTC https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002080079 applejuiize https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002081237 1. streamside buffers
- areas bordering stream banks that are taken out of crop production
- planted with native trees, shrubs, or grasses.
- 35 feet wide on either side of a stream
- filter and absorb runoff pollution (e.g. excess fertilizer)
- shade streams and provide food and homes for wildlife.

2. streamside fencing
- keeps livestock and wastes out of farm streams
- reducing pollution and erosion
- prevents spread of waterborne disease

3. nutrient management plans
- farmers know how much fertilizers to be used
- minimize fertilizer costs
- reduce nutrient runoff into local waterways

4. Continuous No-Till
- reduces erosion and runoff
- minimizing soil disturbances
- builds the soil's health and ability to hold moisture

5. cover crops
- planted to absorb excess fertilizer
- reduce runoff and erosion 
- enrichess soil with organic matter

]]> 2022-01-20 05:38:49 UTC https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002081237 water quality trading 200041792 https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002085140
  • Water quality trading refers to the buying and selling of pollution reduction credits between farms, cities, wastewater treatment plants, and other pollution sources within a watershed. 
  • If these trading markets are well designed and implemented, they can supply cost-effective pollution reductions to meet the demand for achieving legally required water quality goals in rivers, lakes, and coastal waters.

    • Why trade? 

    • The cost of reducing pollution varies greatly across sources in a watershed. Upgrading infrastructure at a wastewater treatment plant or retrofitting city streets with bioswales to trap runoff, for example, can cost significantly more than fencing livestock out of a stream on a farm. 
    • Example: A farm is responsible for reducing five pounds of nitrogen pollution running off an acre of its land into a nearby stream. The farmer plants a forested buffer along the stream and converts the neighboring corn field into a grass pasture, which reduces the amount of nitrogen flowing into the water by eight pounds. The extra three pounds of pollution the farm cut is then available to sell as credits in a water quality trading market.

    ]]>     2022-01-20 05:42:11 UTC https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002085140     200016814 https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002088671 Environmental and economic sustainability for the entire community and farmer's livelihood]]> 2022-01-20 05:45:18 UTC https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002088671 using shellfish aquaculture as a solution 200041792 https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002090102 A solution to mitigate nutrient excess and recover the Bay's ecosystem and economy is the process of cultivating oysters, clams, mussels, or other shellfish for food. This can occur by cultivating the Chesapeake Bay's native oyster, Crassostrea virginica.

    Why?
    • Developing a profitable aquaculture industry would reduce the seafood trade deficit, create jobs in working waterfront communities, and provide consumers with fresh, locally-sourced products.
    • Shellfish aquaculture also provides strong ecological benefits. 
      • Under natural conditions, oysters form large reef structures that support more than 300 other species, making it a keystone species in the Chesapeake Bay. 
      • Their native oyster, Crassostrea virginica, is also a prolific filter feeder and a healthy adult can filter 30-50 gallons of water daily, consuming the phytoplankton that grows on excess nutrients in the Bay. These nutrients are removed from the water and retained in the oysters' shells and tissue, improving water quality. When the oysters are harvested, the nutrients are removed with them.
    ]]>     2022-01-20 05:46:38 UTC https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002090102     https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002092659 - BMPs are cost effective 
    --> not much money is needed to reduce the pollution 
    - reduction of surface runoffs
    --> excess nutrients would not enter the water system, preventing eutrophication 

    ]]>     2022-01-20 05:48:58 UTC https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002092659     200206521 https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002096035 - losses of nitrogen with surface runoff by 42% 
    - edge-of-field sediment loss by 55%
    - loss of nitrogen in subsurface flowing by 31%
    - loss of phosphorous (sediment attached and soluble) by 41%
    -However there is still much room improvement to hit a 30% land restoration by 2030]]>     2022-01-20 05:52:10 UTC https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002096035     What it covers 200016814 https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002097784  Animal Waste Management System – Livestock
     Animal Waste Management System – Poultry
     Barnyard Runoff Controls - With Storage & Without Storage
    Conversion of cropland to hayland
    Cereal cover crops
    Conserving natural resources,
    In short managing soil erosion, effluence, nutrient pollution from poultry feed, to land use, to aquaculture]]>     2022-01-20 05:53:36 UTC https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002097784     reducing nutirent pollution from wastewater 200041792 https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002102840
  • Since the regional Bay clean-up plan called the Chesapeake Clean Water Blueprint was established in 2010, the wastewater sector cut nitrogen levels from 52 million pounds to 36 million pounds annually, as of 2018
  • The CBF is contributing to these efforts by: 
    • Seeking and safeguarding funding sources to pay for upgrades.
    • Demanding that the states and EPA enforce existing laws to limit nitrogen pollution from these sources.
    • Working with a public-private partnership to establish a program using nutrient trading to reduce pollution.
    • ]]>     2022-01-20 05:58:23 UTC https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002102840     Results 200016814 https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002114738
    • Planted 37 million juvenile oysters on sanctuary reefs in the Bay.
    • Worked directly with 869 farmers and landowners to reduce agricultural pollution(N, P from non-point sources)
    • Advocated successfully for a law to protect Maryland’s oyster sanctuaries from a plan that would have opened some of them to harvest.
    • Launched a new education program in Pennsylvania, which will educate nearly 1,000 students, teachers, and adults each year.
    • Collected 45,000 pounds of trash with 3,500 volunteers from 200 sites during CBF’s annual Clean the Bay Day.
    ]]>     2022-01-20 06:08:55 UTC https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002114738     200206521 https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002122645 percentage of land with different types of treatment needed for various pollutants from different non point sources]]> 2022-01-20 06:15:31 UTC https://padlet.com/200206521/fvs3hbsul7u2tgco/wish/2002122645