🎓 MGT420 Group Task (Chap. 3) 🎓 by NUR IZZATI BINTI MOHAMMAD NOOR

🎓 MGT420 Group Task (Chap. 3) 🎓 by NUR IZZATI BINTI MOHAMMAD NOOR https://padlet.com/2020988337/mgt420chap3 BA2361A: 1. NUR IZZATI BINTI MOHAMMAD NOOR (2020988337) 2. PUTERI BALQIS BINTI MOHD KAMIL (2020986161) 3. SITI HAJAR BINTI MOHAMAD TARMIZI (2020985869) 4. SITI ALHA BINTI OTHMAN (2020993611) en-us 2020-04-18 02:28:26 UTC 2025-10-20 17:03:04 UTC hello@padlet.com https://media3.giphy.com/media/rdvDGctztED3W/giphy.gif 2020988337 https://padlet.com/2020988337/mgt420chap3/wish/513923913 CHAPTER 3: PLANNING IN THE CONTEMPORARY ORGANIZATION

Planning – The process of outlining the activities that are necessary to achieve the goals of the organization.

Goals – Provide a clear, engaging sense of direction and specify what is to be accomplished.

Control – Monitor the extent to which goals have been achieved and ensure the organization is moving in the right direction.

SMART Goals – Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Timeline.

Mission Statement:

- Its target markets (WHO)

- Its primary products & services (WHAT)

- An outline of overall strategy for delivering these products & services to satisfy customers in the target market (HOW)

Importance of Mission Statement:

- Promotes unity

- Helps allocate scarce resources

- Helps move from ideas to action

- Establishes culture

Benefits of Planning:

i. Better Coordination – Planning provides a foundation for the coordination of a broad range of organizational activities.

ii. Focus on Forward Thinking – The planning function forces managers to think ahead and consider resource needs and potential opportunities or threats that the organization may face in the future.

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 Participatory Work Environment

Successful planning requires the participation of a wide range of organizational members

 More Effective Control Systems

An organization’s plan provides a foundation for control of the processes and progress
The implementation of the plan can be evaluated

THE COSTS OF PLANNING

Management Time - Planning process requires a substantial amount of time and energy
Delay in Decision Making - Planning can result in delays in decision making

ADVANTAGES OF PLANNING
Top-Down Planning (Planning efforts begin with the board of directors)

Top managers drive the development of the plan

Bottom-Up Planning (Planning is initiated at the lowest level)

People closest to operating system, customers and suppliers drive the development plan

TOP-DOWN PLANNING

Organizational level – CEO, BOD
Role of organizational unit – Unit determine actions needed to support the plan
Specificity of plan – Begins broad becomes more specific
Potential advantages – Plans driven by top-level managers
Potential disadvantages – Top-level managers may be removed from front line

BOTTOM-UP PLANING

Organizational level – People, Customers
Role of organizational unit – Units develop goals and plans
Specificity of plan – Begins specific and probably fragmented
Potential advantages – Those closest to customers provide focus of plans
Potential disadvantages – Lower-level managers may lack under-standing

TYPES OF PLANNING

Strategic Plans - Applies to entire organizations that establish organization’s objectives
Operational Plans - Specify details on how overall objectives to be achieved

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Types of Planning - Strategic Planning and Operational Planning

📌Strategic plans - plans that applies to the entire organization that establish the organization’s overall objectives.

📍Corporate Strategy

Diversification - Organization adding new products/services/business
Unrelated diversification - Adding products/ services/business that different from the ones an organization currently has
Related diversification - Adding products/services/business that have some relationship to the ones an organization currently has or share a core competency

📍 Business Strategic Planning

Business-level-strategy - Focused plans that define how each business unit in organization’s corporate portfolio will operate in its market arena.
Strategic Business Unit (SBU) - A part of an organization that is responsible for its outcomes.

📌 Operational Planning

focuses on the day-to-day activities that are necessary to achive the long term goals of the organization.

📌 Operational Plans

more specific, address shorter-term issues and are formulated by mid and lower level managers who responsible for work groups in the organization.
Can be categorized as either standing or single use plans.

📍Standing Plans - design to deal with organizational issues or problems that recur frequently.

- Policies

- Pricedures

- Rules

📍Single Use Plans - developed to address a specific organizational situation.

- Programs

- Projects

- Budgets

]]> 2020-04-18 06:35:39 UTC https://padlet.com/2020988337/mgt420chap3/wish/514009452 2020993611 https://padlet.com/2020988337/mgt420chap3/wish/514009844 INDIVIDUAL PLAN
- Looking ways to plan how to improve employee perfomance.
-Every company also need to plan productivity.
-Example
🔵 Management by objectives.
-This method for developing individuals plans which guide the activities of individuals.
-Benefits
⚫Provides a foundation for a more integrated and system-oriented approach to planning.
⚫Creates a participatory work environment where employees have a voice in design of their job and can setting their performance goals.
- Disadvantages
⚫May require excessive paperwork.
⚫Can be diffcult to establish and operationalize.
🔵 The Balanced Scorecard.
- a system that measurement performance in individual goals with strategic goals of the organization.
🖊️Allows an organization to translate strategy in operational action at every level.
🖊️Ensure employee in their individual action plans and goal are strategic to organization.

BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE PLANNING

📝 Can waste manager time.
📝Uncertain operating enviroments.
📝Resistance to change.

Overcoming the Barriers to Planning

⚫Encourage Strategic Thinking.
Find plan that strategic through training and practice. Employee can have effective thinking and also can give their perspective.
⚫Take Advantages of A diversity of views.
Take employee and manager idea that useful in organization.
⚫Involve Employees in Decision making.
Thinking solution and how to plan.

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