The ANS: A Chart by Mar https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart The autonomic nervous system in an easy to read reference. en-us 2021-09-26 22:45:36 UTC 2021-09-27 18:41:57 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/1343370351/7651f60fc80dc91ff5a1dd3ef0e564d6/emojipng_com_866942.png The Autonomic Nervous System CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769333019 From the nervous system, to the peripheral nervous system, to the autonomic nervous system.]]> 2021-09-26 22:56:47 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769333019 Parasympathetic Nervous System CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769336857 Also called the craniosacral or cholinergic division, this is the subdivision of the autonomic nervous system in charge of resting and digesting; when we are not responding to stress this is the part of our autonomic nervous system in charge. ]]> 2021-09-26 23:01:33 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769336857 Sympathetic Nervous System CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769338702 Also called the thoracolumbar or adrenergic division, this is the subdivision of the autonomic nervous system responsible for the four F's: fight, flight, fornicate, and freeze. When our bodies respond to stress it is our sympathetic nervous system in charge. ]]> 2021-09-26 23:04:01 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769338702 Neurotransmitters: Where do they come from, where do they go? CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769353169 acetylcholine (ACH) - cholinergic
  • released at the ganglia
    • goes to the Nn, nicotinic 1 receptor at ganglia of both parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves
  • released at postganglionic nerve fibers
    • goes to the muscarinic receptors at parasympathetic postganglionic nerve endings
      • on cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands
    • also goes to the Nm receptors in the somatic nervous system
]]> 2021-09-26 23:21:18 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769353169 Neurotransmitters: Where do they come from, where do they go? CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769354710 acetylcholine (ACH) - cholinergic
  • released at the ganglia by preganglionic nerve fibers
    • goes to the Nn, nicotinic 1 receptor at ganglia of both parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves
norepinephrine (NE) - adrenergic
  • released at postganglionic nerve fibers
    • goes to alpha-1 and beta-1 receptors on individual organs
    • goes to alpha-2 receptors as part of negative feedback system to maintain homeostasis
  • synthesized by dopamine (DA)
  • also released by adrenal medulla and neurons
epinephrine (EPI) - adrenergic
  • released by the adrenal medulla
    • goes to alpha-1, beta-1, and beta-2 receptors on individual organs 
dopamine (DA) - sympathetic and CNS neurotransmitter
  • released by the hypothalamus
    • multiple receptors
]]> 2021-09-26 23:22:58 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769354710 Heart CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769403496 Adrenergic stimulation
  • increase in HR
  • increase in AV conduction
  • increase in contractility
]]> 2021-09-27 00:05:16 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769403496 GI Tract CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769423091 Adrenergic stimulation
  • decrease in motility
  • decrease in secretions
  • decrease in defecation
]]> 2021-09-27 00:17:25 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769423091 Pupils of the Eyes CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769424551 Adrenergic stimulation
  • dilation (mydriasis)
]]> 2021-09-27 00:18:20 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769424551 Respiratory CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769425606 Adrenergic stimulation
  • bronchodilation in lower passages
]]> 2021-09-27 00:19:00 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769425606 Urinary CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769425833 Adrenergic stimulation
  • relaxation of bladder
  • contraction of urinary sphincter 
  • decrease in urination
]]> 2021-09-27 00:19:08 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769425833 Arteries CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769428632 Adrenergic stimulation
  • vasoconstriction, except...
  • vasodilation of coronary arteries
  • vasodilation of arteries to skeletal muscle
]]> 2021-09-27 00:20:43 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769428632 Adrenal medulla CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769433185 Adrenergic stimulation
  • releases epinephrine (EPI)
]]> 2021-09-27 00:23:09 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769433185 How are the organs affected? CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769462918 2021-09-27 00:37:30 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769462918 Postganglionic transmitters CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769464046 Adrenergic stimulation
  • release of norepinephrine (NE)
]]> 2021-09-27 00:38:03 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769464046 How are the organs affected? CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769498130 2021-09-27 00:53:30 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769498130 Respiratory CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769499175 Cholinergic stimulation
  • bronchoconstriction in lower passages
]]> 2021-09-27 00:53:56 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769499175 Adrenal medulla CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769500443 Cholinergic stimulation
  • no parasympathetic stimulation
]]> 2021-09-27 00:54:29 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769500443 Postganglionic transmitters CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769502715 Cholinergic stimulation
  • release of acetylcholine (ACH)
]]> 2021-09-27 00:55:28 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769502715 Pupils of the Eyes CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769504203 Cholinergic stimulation
  • constriction (miosis)
]]> 2021-09-27 00:56:05 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769504203 Arteries CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769506010 Cholinergic stimulation
  • few arteries have parasympathetic nerves
  • no significant change in blood pressure
]]> 2021-09-27 00:56:50 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769506010 GI Tract CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769508297 Cholinergic stimulation
  • increase in motility
  • increase in secretions
  • increase in defecation
]]> 2021-09-27 00:57:48 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769508297 Heart CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769509711 Cholinergic stimulation
  • decrease in HR
  • decrease in AV conduction
  • slight decrease in contractility
]]> 2021-09-27 00:58:24 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769509711 Urinary CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769512544 Cholinergic stimulation
  • contraction of bladder
  • relaxation of sphincter
  • increase in urination
]]> 2021-09-27 00:59:37 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769512544 Drug Classifications CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769533535 2021-09-27 01:09:04 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769533535 Parasympathomimetic CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769534607 drugs that mimic the parasympathetic system
  • agonists
  • cholinergics
]]> 2021-09-27 01:09:35 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769534607 Parasympatholytic CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769535564 drugs that work against the parasympathetic system
  • antagonists
  • anticholinergics

MOA
  • binds to cholinergic receptor
  • competitive antagonism, blocking drugs
]]> 2021-09-27 01:10:03 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769535564 Direct-Acting CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769544605 MOA
  • directly binds to muscarinic receptors
  • mimics acetylcholine (ACH)
]]> 2021-09-27 01:14:02 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769544605 Drug Examples CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769554959 acetylcholine 
  • MOA: pupil constriction

pilocarpine (Pilocar®)
  • MOA: pupil constriction, decreases fluid in eye, decreases intraocular pressure

bethanechol (Urecholine ®)
  • MOA: stimulates muscarinic receptors of bladder and GI tract, prevents constipation and urinary retention 
]]> 2021-09-27 01:18:27 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769554959 Indirect-Acting CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769556648 Receptors
  • acts directly on acetylcholinesterase
MOA
  • inhibits acetylcholinerase
  • increases acetylcholine (ACH)

]]> 2021-09-27 01:19:08 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769556648 Drug Examples CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769561027 neostigmine (Prostigmine®)
  • Uses: urinary retention, intestinal stasis, reversal of rocuronium (Zemuron®), treat myasthenia gravis

physostigmine (Eserine®)
  • Use: antidote to overuse of anticholinergics
]]> 2021-09-27 01:20:57 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769561027 Vagus Nerve CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769585117 Not an organ, but greatly affected!

Cholinergic stimulation
  • decrease in HR
  • bronchoconstriction
  • increase in GI activity
  • decrease in BP
]]> 2021-09-27 01:30:53 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769585117 Drug Examples CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769595482 atropine
  • Uses: increases HR, decreases vagus nerve activity, slows digestion and urination, mydriasis

dicyclomine (Bentyl®)
  • Use: decreases GI motility and secretions

ipratropium bromide (Atrovent®)
  • Use: bronchodilation
]]> 2021-09-27 01:35:14 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769595482 Drug Classifications CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769613554 2021-09-27 01:42:46 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769613554 Sympathomimetic CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769614683 drugs that mimic the sympathetic system
  • agonists
  • adrenergics
]]> 2021-09-27 01:43:13 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769614683 Sympatholytic CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769617043 drugs that work against the sympathetic system
  • antagonists
  • adrenergic blocking
  • inhibitors
  • blockers
]]> 2021-09-27 01:44:12 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769617043 Alpha-1 Adrenergic Agonists CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769624424 MOA
  • stimulates alpha-1 receptors
  • smooth muscle contraction
  • constricts blood vessels
  • increases BP
Clinical uses:
  • increase vital organ circulation
  • increase BP
  • promote decongestion
]]> 2021-09-27 01:47:10 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769624424 Drug Examples CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769630208 ephedrine
  • Use: increase BP

phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine®)
  • Use: increase BP, nasal decongestant
]]> 2021-09-27 01:49:27 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769630208 Non-specific Adrenergic Agonists CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769635215 MOA
  • stimulates all alpha and beta receptors
  • vasopressor-vasoconstriction, increases BP via alpha-1 receptor
  • cardiac stimulant, via beta-1 receptors
  • bronchodilator, via beta-2 receptors
]]> 2021-09-27 01:51:25 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769635215 Drug Examples CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769646516 epinephrine (Adrenalin®)
  • Use: anaphylaxis, shock, cardiac arrhythmias

]]> 2021-09-27 01:55:59 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769646516 Alpha-1 Adrenergic Blocking Drugs CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769649916 MOA
  • binds to alpha-1 receptors and blocks them
  • smooth muscle relaxation
  • vasodilation of blood vessels
  • decreases BP
  • relaxes smooth muscle of ureters
  • increases urine flow
]]> 2021-09-27 01:57:29 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769649916 Drug Examples CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769654161 prazosin (Minipress®)
  • Use: hypertension

terazosin (Hytrun®)
  • Use: hypertension, benign prostatic hyperplasia

doxazosin (Cardura®)
  • Use: hypertension, benign prostatic hyperplasia
]]> 2021-09-27 01:59:23 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769654161 Beta Adrenergic Agonists CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769675529 2021-09-27 02:08:54 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769675529 Beta-1 Adrenergic Agonists CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769683611 MOA
  • low dose: stimulates dopaminergic (d-1) receptors in kidneys; causes vasodilation and increased renal blood flow
  • moderate dose: stimulates beta-1 receptors on heart; increases cardiac output and force of contraction
  • high dose: stimulates alpha-1 receptors; causes vasoconstriction and increase in BP
]]> 2021-09-27 02:12:37 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769683611 Drug Examples CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769684913 dobutamine
  • Use: treatment of shock, increase BP, increase heart function

]]> 2021-09-27 02:13:14 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769684913 Beta-2 Adrenergic Agonists CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769689999 MOA
  • stimulates beta-2 receptors
  • relaxation of smooth muscle of lungs; bronchodilation
  • relaxation of smooth muscles of uterus
]]> 2021-09-27 02:15:27 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769689999 Drug Examples CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769693544 albuterol (Proventil®, Ventolin®)
  • Use: bronchodilator

terbutaline (Brethine®)
  • Use: bronchodilator, uterine relaxant

formorterol (Foradil®)
  • Use: bronchodilator

salmeterol (Serevent®)
  • Use: bronchodilator
]]> 2021-09-27 02:16:54 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769693544 Beta-1 Adrenergic Blocking Drugs CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769715752 MOA
  • beta-1 receptor is blocked
    • antagonizes beta-1 effects of NE and EPI
  • negative inotropic, decreases cardiac output
  • negative chronotropic (decreases HR)
  • negative dromotrophic (decreases conduction)
  • decrease in BP due to decrease in cardiac output
]]> 2021-09-27 02:26:41 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769715752 Drug Examples CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769722063 atenolol (Tenormin®)
metoprolol (Lopressor®)
  • Use for both: hypertension, angina, arrhythmias, tachycardia, migraine, glaucoma, heart failure
]]> 2021-09-27 02:29:28 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769722063 Non-selective Beta Blocking Blocking Drugs CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769726793 MOA
  • beta-1 receptors are blocked (affects heart)
  • beta-2 receptors are blocked (affects lungs)
  • negative inotropic, decreases cardiac output
  • negative chronotropic (decreases HR)
  • negative dromotrophic (decreases conduction)
  • decrease in BP due to decrease in cardiac output
  • non-therapeutic bronchoconstriction
]]> 2021-09-27 02:31:08 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769726793 Drug Examples CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769742229 nadolol (Corgard®)
propanolol (Inderal®)
timolol (Blocadren®)
  • Uses for all three: hypertension, arrhythmias, angina, tachycardia, migraines, glaucoma, heart failure
]]> 2021-09-27 02:37:04 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769742229 Sources CMarD https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769760450 https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Dopamine.aspx

Course materials: U2 ANS Part 1, U2 ANS Part 2

Hinter text, chapter 5]]> 2021-09-27 02:44:26 UTC https://padlet.com/CMarD/ANS_Chart/wish/1769760450