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      <title>GNED 1512 Paranormal and Pseudoscience - Assignment 2: Fortune Tellers by Andrew Holubek</title>
      <link>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y</link>
      <description>By Andrew Holubek</description>
      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2016-11-17 21:28:06 UTC</pubDate>
      <lastBuildDate>2024-04-11 09:01:42 UTC</lastBuildDate>
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         <title>Tarot Cards</title>
         <author>andrew_holubek</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138572869</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This picture shows an example of a few of many Tarot cards. Tarot cards are used by sometimes by fortune tellers as another means to read a persons future/destiny by interpreting the pictures on the card to some meaning in their life, for example "the sun" card could be interpreted as a sign of success or happiness to come.<br><br>&nbsp;Tarot cards raise many red flags when looking for any form of credibility, and some of the most notable include Ancient Wisdom as well as Mystical Energy. It raises the flag of Ancient Wisdom because this is a method that has been around for hundreds of years, dating back to 18th and 19th century and people may believe that if it has been around this long then it must have some validity to it. Another red flag that was raised is Mystical Energy. Because fortune tellers, or anyone for the matter can't explain the reason why it actually works they fall back on the explanation that they are "drawing energy" from the subject to put purpose to the cards they draw when there is no proof at all that this is the case.<br><br>&nbsp;This is a flawed method to read a persons fortune because it relies on broad assumptions and cards can be explained to have whatever meaning that seems most suitable to the situation. Additionally, it is quite easy to poke holes in this method of fortune telling because the cards are shuffled for every use, and based on the laws of probability there is almost no chance you will draw the same cards in the same order twice. SO if you read some one fortune and five minutes later you shuffle and read the same persons fortune again you are going to get wildly different results which on its own basically proves that it is untrue, and this method is nothing but a sham.</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-11-17 21:39:10 UTC</pubDate>
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      <item>
         <title>Crystal Balls</title>
         <author>andrew_holubek</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138583280</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This picture shows another popular method used by fortune tellers to perform some form of clairvoyance. The specific term for this type of clairvoyance is known as "scrying" or "crystal gazing". The method of "crystal gazing" is described as seeing images in the crystal (or it can be applied to other media such as water or smoke) and then interpreting them to have some sort of meaning for the person's fortune that is being read, usually in regards to love, money, travel or other similar aspects of a persons life.&nbsp;<br><br>One red flag I have noticed when reading about crystal balls and the method of crystal gazing is Proof By Verbosity. This is true because the fortune teller could just list off a bunch of ambiguous premonitions and hope that one applies to the person they are fortune telling for. Another red flag is is noticeable when reading about crystal balls is Ancient Wisdom because people assume that because it has been around for son long (since&nbsp; approximately 4th century BC) that it could be a valid method for fortune telling.<br><br>If you use any sort of critical thinking when looking at this method of fortune telling it is easy to see how flawed it is. One main flaw to this is that the fortune teller doesn't need any proof to back up their claims, as their answers are quite literally coming from thin air. In the case where they read smoke or water they can easily just lie about what they "see" and given that they usually make very broad claims people will usually accept it or find some connection to their life and think the fortune teller is the "real deal".</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-11-17 22:53:08 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138583280</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Romani Fortune Tellers</title>
         <author>andrew_holubek</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138584903</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Another popular image that may come to mind when you think of fortune tellers, which is the stereotypical Romani gypsy fortune teller with the head scarf, colourful clothing and crystal ball. This is a typical stereotype that has been portrayed across multiple fictions(movies, books, stories etc.) throughout that past few centuries, and you can find that some modern day psychics, mediums, fortune tellers and the like sometimes dress to resemble this. They do this presumably to try and push the legitimacy of their fortune telling.<br><br>One immediate red flag I noticed about this Appeal to Authority. Although they are not a direct authoritative figure like a doctor would be considered, people often associate that type clothing as something that a fortune teller would were, which could give legitimacy. Another similar red flag that is noticeable is Red Herring. Because they have all the flashiness of the profession, it can distract the person from the fact that they are not actually psychic.<br><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-11-17 23:08:04 UTC</pubDate>
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      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>andrew_holubek</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138585303</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-11-17 23:11:46 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138585303</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Paper Fortune Tellers</title>
         <author>andrew_holubek</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138944039</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Although this next topic is a little less serious as the rest of the topics about fortune telling, I thought it was still an interesting topic because I think almost everyone has made one or seen one at some point as a kid. Paper fortune tellers or Origami fortune tellers are those little folded up pieces of paper that you ask a question to and then choose a colour and then a number and you open the according fold to read your response. This video shows how exactly to make one step by step.<br><br>When looking at a paper fortune in terms of red flags of pseudoscience, one noticeable one is Mystical Energy. Because they are usually used by children, they have a broader imagination and are more gullible generally. This combination may cause them to think that the fortune teller uses some sort of "energy" to make its predictions.<br><br>Like Tarot Cards, this method is flawed because asking it a question and reading it one minute later asking the same question and by picking different variables you'll get a different answer, which immediately raises questions to its validity.<br><br><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rbA29zfEAZk" />
         <pubDate>2016-11-20 16:53:17 UTC</pubDate>
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      <item>
         <title>                                                                                    VIDEOS</title>
         <author>andrew_holubek</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138944061</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-11-20 16:53:30 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>                                                                                                                 IMAGES</title>
         <author>andrew_holubek</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138944203</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-11-20 16:55:25 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138944203</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Magic Eight Ball</title>
         <author>andrew_holubek</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138945112</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>I thought this was another childhood related topic, as it is an even more widely known toy that everyone has probably seen or owned at some point. This video explains briefly what it is and the history of where it came from. It turns out that it is based fortune telling device called a Syco Slate invented by&nbsp; on an old fortune teller from the 1940's named Mary Carter. This device installed involved a chalkboard with a cover. You would ask a question, close the cover, and when you re opened it an answer was written on the chalkboard. From this her son and business partners continued to refine the idea until it became&nbsp; what we now know as the Magic Eight Ball.<br><br>Again when looking at the Magic Eight Ball, its easy to see it is very flawed when trying to accurately make a prediction or tell a fortune simply because of how random it is. You could ask it the same question 10 times in a row and you could get a different answer every time.<br><br>However, when you look at the original idea its based off of from the video, it becomes a bit more ambiguous as to how it all works. As a result, some red flags are raised, most noticeably once again its Mystical Energy. Because you don't actually see anyone writing on the chalk board, it could be chalked up(pun intended) to being mystical energies at work that Mary Carter "summoned" up to make the prediction that is written on the board.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vZRrg6Nl-1E" />
         <pubDate>2016-11-20 17:07:05 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138945112</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>James Randi Vs Maureen Flynn - Debunking A Fortune Teller</title>
         <author>andrew_holubek</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138946939</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>I figured this assignment wouldn't be complete without a little bit of James Randi, so I went looking for a video of him talking about fortune tellers/psychics. In this particular video, he lets a popular medium in Britain do a reading of the room, and then he proceeds to debunk her readings using logic and actual facts, unlike the medium's method of random chance.<br><br>One red flag that is kind of talked about in the video, and one that I think is most common when looking at fortune tellers and related topics is Proof By Verbosity. When James Randi looks at a transcript of one of Maureen Flynn's readings is that she gives a person 37 different names and even all names starting with 'L' or 'N', and the person only identifies with 9. It is also explained by a psychologist that most people will forget about all the names they don't make a connection with and will only remember the ones they do. This shows proof by verbosity because the fortune teller just throws a bunch of names out hoping one will eventually stick and eventually over time it could seem like they are actually being clairvoyant.<br><br>Similarly, there is another red flag which is Confirmation Bias.The medium, in this case Maureen Flynn tries to draw a connection to 37 names but the subject only makes a connection to 9. But as it is explained by the psychologist, people tend to only remember the names they DO make a connection with, which is a key element for Confirmation Bias, as they forget about the 30 odd names that had zero relevance to them, which shows how low of a success rate the supposed psychic had.<br><br>While looking at Reasons For Belief, I noticed one in particular that connected almost perfectly to this video and fortune telling/psychics in general, which is Emotional Connection. Most of the people that the psychic, Maureen, is trying to make reference to are deceased family members, which may cause some people to forget about logic and fall into the trap of believing what the fortune teller/psychic is saying because it is what they want to hear and allows them to get closure with the dead.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FSSPto8rvvs" />
         <pubDate>2016-11-20 17:28:01 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138946939</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Fortune Telling: Fact, Fiction And Fantasy</title>
         <author>andrew_holubek</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138958136</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This website looks at fortune telling from a logical standpoint, and after presenting all the different methods from divination from laughter and phrenology to dream interpretation and cats it explains the psychology of it all and why all of it is almost certainly invalid.<br><br>All of these methods tend to contradict each other and readings from things like tarot cards or reading a palm can have drastically results if done seconds apart or from different psychics/fortune tellers.<br><br>When looking at reasons of belief for all these different methods presented in this article, one I noticed that encompasses them all is simplicity. Because a good amount of people who do visit fortune tellers and the like seriously, usually believe in having a "destiny", meaning they would rather not try and explain fortune tellers and critically think about their divination's but rather they would just accept it as it is easier. This pushes them down the path of determinism, as opposed to free will, because when they hear their fortune they become subconsciously determined to make that the truth for their future.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="http://www.livescience.com/28593-fortune-telling.html" />
         <pubDate>2016-11-20 20:02:32 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138958136</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>How To Tell If A Psychic Or Fortune Teller Is Genuine</title>
         <author>andrew_holubek</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138958369</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://exemplore.com/fortune-divination/How-To-Tell-If-A-Psychic-Is-Genuine-Dont-Pay-Out-For-Fraudsters" />
         <pubDate>2016-11-20 20:04:51 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138958369</guid>
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         <title>                                                                                                                 WEBSITES</title>
         <author>andrew_holubek</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138958466</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-11-20 20:05:58 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138958466</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>The History of the Fortune Cookie</title>
         <author>andrew_holubek</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138958964</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Another interesting side topic from the typical psychic or fortune teller, is the fortune cookie. You generally get them when you order Chinese food in North America, and they contain a fortune (usually a piece of advice or inspiration message about your future) and "lucky" lottery numbers. This article explains the history of the cookie and reveals its origins. Originally they didn't contain a fortune at all but simply a short bible verse, and there was no inclusion of any lucky lottery numbers.<br><br>When looking at fortune cookies critically, its easy to see multiple red flags. One in particular is proof by verbosity, because there are probably millions of fortune cookies and just as many people reading them, its possible that someone will eventually read something that comes true or resonates with them. This could potentially lead people down the path of believing in them on a serious level.<br><br>One particular reason for belief in this type of fortune telling, is simply the Unexplained. Because sometimes the predictions on the paper in the cookie true, people might think there is some unexplained phenomenon behind it that explains why it works.</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-11-20 20:10:56 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title></title>
         <author>andrew_holubek</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138959096</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-11-20 20:12:21 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title></title>
         <author>andrew_holubek</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138959818</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-11-20 20:18:56 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title></title>
         <author>andrew_holubek</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138960005</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-11-20 20:21:07 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138960005</guid>
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      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>andrew_holubek</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/andrew_holubek/frrkcbm4m73y/wish/138968139</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This is an interesting article because at first it logically looks at how to see through a fortune teller or psychic, and points out multiple ways to prove they are a fake, but then it kind of contradicts all of that by presenting the description of what a real psychic will be like.&nbsp;</div><div><br>This article raises the idea of an interesting reason for belief which could be patternicity, at least for this particular author of this article. They look at all these different aspects that add up to what a real psychic would be, which could be considered a pattern in personality and the actions they commit that make them a believable psychic.</div><div><br>Some red flags that can be seen in all of this include Confusion Of Correlation With Causation and Confirmation Bias. This article seems to conclude that if a psychic is acting a certain way and perform their divination's in a certain way then they must be legitimate. This isn't a correct way of thinking because it allows you to make assumptions with no critical thinking really involved, which can allow you to be scammed by phony fortune tellers. &nbsp;<br><br>Additionally there is some confirmation bias present because the article is assuming that aspects they have noticed on more convincing psychics are defining of them and are proof that they are legitimate fortune tellers/psychics.</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-11-20 22:12:38 UTC</pubDate>
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         <author>andrew_holubek</author>
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         <pubDate>2016-11-20 22:44:42 UTC</pubDate>
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         <author>andrew_holubek</author>
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         <pubDate>2016-11-20 22:47:32 UTC</pubDate>
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         <author>andrew_holubek</author>
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         <pubDate>2016-11-20 22:51:37 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title></title>
         <author>andrew_holubek</author>
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         <pubDate>2016-11-20 22:55:04 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title></title>
         <author>andrew_holubek</author>
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         <pubDate>2016-11-21 00:20:18 UTC</pubDate>
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