-Abuse was high in 19th century and caused issues: decrease in work efficiency & vulnerability of women and children to abuse.

-Amer. Temperance Society led by Lyman Beecher urged drinkers to quite drinking all together, Boston 1826.

-Result: much less drinking among women & per capita. Temperance movement was indeed influential.

- Horace Mann established state normal schools to better train teachers in church. Advocated tax-supported schools.

-Working class families needed their children to work, instead of go to school. Secondary was behind elementary. Slaves weren't allowed to learn how to read & write/get an education. Catholic people resisted the Protestant teaching to their child and campaigned for Catholic schools.

-worked toward the improved treatment of the mentally handicapped

-great success at changing how they looked at and treated the mentally ill 

-15 states will create new hospitals and asylums

Prison Reform:

-shift from punishment to rehabilitation (not very successful)

-most states will stop putting debtors in prison (successful)

-seperated men and women into distinct roles

-women were viewecdphysically and emotionally weak and also artistic and refined

Republic Motherhood:

- the role of raising the children to become productive citizens

Cult of Domesticity:

-women's role in society was as the guardian of the morality in the home

-the angel in the house influenced by the second great awakening