British and Loyalist efforts to disarm the colonial Patriot militia armories in the early parts of the American Revolution resulted in the Patriot colonists protesting by citing the common law of self-defense. British policy in the early phases of the Revolution aimed to prevent coordinated action by the Patriot militia, who believed that the British were trying to restrict the colonists traditional common law right of self-defense.

Speedy Trial Clause:
If you weren't guaranteed a speedy trial, you could sit in jail for months or years without being tried, which was a frequent occurrence in English history.
Public Trial Clause:
Throughout European and English history, many people were tortured, executed or unjustly imprisoned for things they didn't do in secret trials. That's why the Founding Fathers were determined to protect people from being tried in secret.
Confrontation Clause:
Statements made by people outside of the court were often allowed as evidence. This provided the accused with a huge disadvantage because the jury could not see the person to judge their demeanor and the accused could not ask them questions to examine their truthfulness.
Compulsory Process Clause:
English and colonial laws forbade people from calling witnesses in cases of treason or felony. It was also the English and colonial practice not to allow people to testify in their own behalf. Their reasoning was that testimony from the accused person was inherently unreliable because of their personal interest in the outcome.

Section 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

This was the Supreme Court's first voting rights case under the Fifteenth Amendment and the Enforcement Act of 1870. A Kentucky electoral official had refused to register an African‐American's vote in a municipal election and was indicted under two sections of the 1871 act: section 1 required that administrative preliminaries to elections be conducted without regard to race, color, or previous condition of servitude; section 2 forbade wrongful refusal to register votes where a prerequisite step “required as foresaid” had been omitted.

The Court held that the Fifteenth Amendment did not confer the right of suffrage, but it prohibited exclusion from voting on racial grounds. The justices invalidated the operative section 3 of the Enforcement Act since it did not repeat the amendment's words about race, color, and servitude. They ruled that the section exceeded the scope of the Fifteenth Amendment. This ruling was the grounds for which the K.K.K was invented, as it provided white southerners with legal reassurance.