Chapter 6:Texture and Form by Alyssa Mueller

alyssa_mueller — 2016-09-16 22:49:35 UTC

Single-line textures (aka monophonic textures): unison

Polyphonic: 2 or more distinct parts; can also be one instrument playing two or more notes at the same time (eg piano, guitar)
Drone: a continuous, sustained beat
Harmonized textures: notes of different pitch occur together to form harmonies or chords
Multiple-Melody texture: 2 separate melodic lines performed simultaneously
Polyrhythm: "several different parts or layers, with each defined by its distinctive rhythmic character rather than by chords or melodies"
Interlocking texture: Single melodic line divided and performed by 2 or more instruments
Hocket texture: 2 or more instruments split a single melody between the left and right speakers
Call-and-Response: back-and-forth alternation between different instrument or voice parts

Form: The Des

alyssa_mueller — 2016-09-20 02:15:36 UTC

Form: The Designs of Musical Works

alyssa_mueller — 2016-09-20 02:15:39 UTC

Form: how it is laid out from beginning to end, how the music unfolds and develops as it progresses.
Through-Composed: No repetition of musical materials; absence of distinct sections
What defines form?
A.Repetition
B.Patterns
C.Sectional Organization

Forms based on Repetition and Patterns

alyssa_mueller — 2016-09-20 02:21:24 UTC

Key features of music: Repetition and Patterns
Elements of music: melodies, rhythms, chord progressions, metric cycles
Repetition may be exact or varied
Varied repetition: Most common

           Ostinato-Based Forms

Ostinato: short figure that is repeated over and over again; smallest unit of organization musical forms are built
Layered Ostinato: ostinato based forms that gain richness and complexity through a texture

       Cyclic Forms

Cyclic Forms: a figure where the repeated unit of the cycle is longer than that of an ostinato
12-Bar Blues: majority of blues songs cycle every 12 measures and has the same basic chord progression

Forms with Contrasting Sections

alyssa_mueller — 2016-09-20 02:40:44 UTC

Formal Sections: forms with multiple identifiably distinct sections
Different sections often contrast with one another (eg modulation from one key to another, change in chord progression, change in meter or rhythmic structure)
Verse-Chorus Form: most common formal designs featuring contrasting sections
Main formal sections in verse-chorus songs are the alternating verses (A Sections) and choruses (B sections)
World Beat: term used to identify commercial music styles that blend elements of diverse world music traditions and Western popular music

Recap (Most Vital Information Given)

alyssa_mueller — 2016-09-20 02:51:29 UTC

HDefine Texture and Form:
a. Texture:kinds of relationships that emerge and evolve between the "characters" in a musical work.
b. Form: element of music that pertains to the large scale dimensions of musical organizations
Difference between Monophonic and polyphonic textures: monophonic- single-line textures; polyphonic-two or more distinct parts/textures
Harmonized texture VS. Multiple-melody texture:
Harmonized: noted of different pitvh occur together to form chords
Multiple-melody: features two or more essentially separate melodic lines performed simultaneously

12-Bar Blues?
12 measure long cycle that consists of the same basic chord progression

Examples:

2016-09-20 03:52:53 UTC

-Drone:
Hurdy Gurdy: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EAfS-XgQjc4
Bagpipes: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mzgqaxwvp-4

-Multiple Melody
Gamelan: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sZZTfu4jWcI
BaMbuti hunting song: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oaygOuqL4i4

-Ostinato
Tito: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zZQh4IL7unM
Fela: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wz2jXHKa7TY @2:00