EU institutions must collaborate, negotiate with the UK, and find solutions that protect EU interests while maintaining political and economic stability.

Each group researches its role and prepares arguments, proposals, and strategies

Analyze political, economic, and legal challenges in international relations.

Develop negotiation, debate, and strategic decision-making skills.

"Minister to hold talks on UK's post-Brexit relationship with EU"

Summary: UK and EU officials have initiated formal negotiations to reset post-Brexit relations, focusing on security, fishing rights, and reducing food export checks ahead of a summit in May. The discussions aim to create a new trade and cooperation agreement, replacing the existing Brexit deal. Key issues include ensuring European boats retain a significant share of their catch in UK waters and establishing new trade regulations.

THETIMES.CO.UK

"The UK and EU vow to mend their Brexit battered ties. They will set a new agenda and hold summits"

Summary: The UK and EU have agreed to strengthen their relationship post-Brexit, committing to a series of meetings on economic growth, energy, security, and migration. Both parties emphasized the importance of their unique relationship and pledged to strengthen cooperation ambitiously. They reaffirmed commitments to past agreements and international law, aiming for a stable, forward-looking partnership.

APNEWS.COM

"The Times view on Starmer's Brexit reset: New Beginning"

Summary: Britain's relationship with the EU has seen minimal development post-Trade and Cooperation Agreement of 2021. Recently, efforts have been initiated to renegotiate aspects of the deal, aiming to alleviate trade frictions without rejoining the single market or customs union. The focus includes harmonizing food standards and enhancing cooperation on defense and security, which have mutual benefits.

Proposals:

• Regulatory Alignment: Propose regulatory alignment in key sectors like financial services, ensuring that the UK maintains equivalence with EU regulations. This would allow access to EU markets without significant barriers, preserving economic stability.

• Customs Union Membership: Advocate for the UK’s continued participation in the EU customs union or a tailored arrangement that minimizes customs checks. This will reduce the risk of trade disruptions, especially in just-in-time industries.

• Digital Trade and Data Flow: Ensure that digital trade (including data protection and movement) is addressed in any future trade agreements. The ECB should push for strong provisions that maintain the flow of data and digital goods to avoid economic fragmentation.

Sources:

• European Commission’s Trade Policy (EU-UK Agreement)

• ECB Financial Stability Review, June 2020

Proposals:

• Legally Binding Guarantees: Ensure that both the EU and UK enshrine legally binding guarantees in their future relationship to protect the rights of EU nationals in the UK and UK nationals in the EU, especially in terms of residency, social security, and employment rights.

• Cross-Border Worker Schemes: Support the establishment of schemes that allow EU and UK citizens to continue working in each other’s jurisdictions, with streamlined processes for visas or work permits.

Sources:

• European Court of Justice Rulings on Free Movement

• European Commission’s Rights of EU Citizens Post-Brexit

Proposals:

• Maintain a Soft Border: Propose that the UK and EU implement technological solutions for the border, such as customs facilitation technology (e.g., the use of trusted trader schemes and digital customs declarations).

• Special Status for Northern Ireland: Advocate for Northern Ireland to have a special status within the EU Single Market, particularly for goods trade. This would preserve frictionless movement of goods across the Irish border while allowing the UK to leave the customs union.

Sources:

• European Commission, Northern Ireland Protocol

• ECB Financial Stability Review, June 2020

Proposals:

• Clear Payment Schedule: Advocate for a clear, binding settlement plan for the UK’s financial commitments to the EU, including contributions to pensions, EU programs, and infrastructure projects.

• Dispute Resolution Mechanism: Push for the inclusion of a dispute resolution mechanism in the withdrawal agreement to ensure that the UK fulfills its financial obligations and to avoid any ambiguity regarding payment.

Sources:

• European Commission’s Financial Settlement Guidelines

• ECB Financial Stability Report 2019

Proposals:

• Enhanced Coordination: The ECB should coordinate efforts with the European Commission and other EU bodies, especially in addressing issues that directly affect the financial market and banking union. This would include monitoring the implementation of agreements and ensuring that EU interests are safeguarded in negotiations with the UK.

• Market Access for Financial Services: Ensure that the ECB supports provisions that allow EU financial firms to continue offering services in the UK and vice versa, under mutually agreed equivalence regimes.

• Economic Monitoring and Early Warning Systems: Establish enhanced monitoring mechanisms within the EU institutions to track the economic impact of Brexit in real time and ensure that corrective measures can be implemented swiftly if market instability arises.

Sources:

• ECB Financial Stability Review

• EU Negotiation Strategy for Brexit, European Commission

°Trade and customs: To establish a new trade agreement that avoids tariffs and trade barriers, we propose to

1. Consolidate the existing Trade and Cooperation Agreement, which already establishes a tariff- and quota-free free trade framework for products between the EU and the UK. Periodically review it to ensure its effectiveness and adapt it to market needs.

2. Encourage regulatory cooperation to minimize technical barriers to trade, based on international standards such as those of the WTO.

3. Implementing effective trade dispute settlement mechanisms to ensure fair and transparent enforcement of the agreement.

4. Implement electronic systems to streamline customs procedures and reduce costs, ensuring that exports and imports are carried out efficiently.

1. Guarantee the protection of the rights of British citizens residing in the EU and vice versa, ensuring their access to public services, employment and social benefits, as set out in the Withdrawal Agreement.

2. Establish labor mobility agreements that allow citizens to work in the other territory under fair and transparent conditions, although without prior free movement.

3. Ensure coordination on social security to ensure that citizens can access social benefits in both territories.

1. Maintain and strengthen the Ireland and Northern Ireland Protocol, which avoids a hard border between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland by ensuring the free movement of goods and people on the island of Ireland.

2. Implement practical solutions for trade between Northern Ireland and the EU, such as inspection of goods at ports and airports, rather than at the land border.

3. Foster political and economic cooperation between the EU, Ireland and the UK, establishing an ongoing dialogue to address any challenges arising at the border and in the implementation of the Protocol and to promote regional stability.

1. Establish a clear timeline for the settlement of all outstanding UK financial obligations, including budgetary contributions and other financial commitments.

2. Implement transparent and secure payment mechanisms to ensure that the UK meets its financial obligations in a timely and complete manner.

3. Establish periodic reviews or audits to assess progress in meeting financial obligations and adjust arrangements as necessary to maintain financial stability between the parties.
   

These solutions seek to balance the interests of the EU with the needs of the UK, while maintaining unity among member states and respecting EU law.

Sources

• https://comercio.gob.es/es-es/brexit-comercio/Paginas/acuerdo-comercio-cooperacion.aspx?utm_

• https://www.consilium.europa.eu/es/policies/post-brexit-agreements/?utm_

• https://portal.mineco.gob.es/es-es/ministerio/brexit/Paginas/Preparados_para_el_Brexit.aspx?utm_

• https://eur-lex.europa.eu/content/news/Brexit-UK-withdrawal-from-the-eu.html?locale=es&utm_

• https://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1870-46542017000100003&utm_

Trade and Customs

- Interpretation of the Trade and Cooperation Agreement: interpret the provisions of the Trade and Cooperation Agreement to ensure that they are applied uniformly and without creating unfair trade barriers. This includes resolving disputes over rules of origin and technical barriers to trade.

- Dispute settlement procedures: Establish clear processes for resolving trade disputes between the EU and the UK, respecting the principles of fairness and justice.

Citizens' Rights

- Implementation of the Withdrawal Agreement: Ensure that the Withdrawal Agreement is effectively implemented to protect the rights of EU citizens in the UK and vice versa. This includes ensuring access to public services and right of residence.

- Jurisprudential interpretation: Issue judgments interpreting the provisions of the Withdrawal Agreement relating to citizens' rights, as has been done in previous cases where appeals by UK citizens for loss of their EU citizenship status have been dismissed.

- Protocol on Ireland and Northern Ireland: Continue to implement the Protocol on Ireland and Northern Ireland to avoid a hard border, ensuring that the necessary provisions for the flow of goods and people between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland are maintained.

- Legal cooperation: Encourage legal cooperation between the UK and the EU to resolve any disputes related to the implementation of the protocol.

- Interpretation of financial obligations: Interpret the provisions of the Withdrawal Agreement relating to the UK's financial obligations, ensuring that the financial commitments made during its membership are respected.

- Arbitration procedures: Establish independent arbitration procedures to resolve disputes over financial obligations, ensuring fairness and justice in the process.

SOURCES

- Post-Brexit Before the Court of Justice of the European Union, 2022

- Brexit: UK may suspend “divorce” from EU unilaterally at any time (but what does that entail?). BBC News World, 2018

- A Court living up to its responsibilities: the Brexit before the Court of Justice of the European Union, 2019

- CJEU rejects appeals by some British citizens for the loss of their EU citizenship status after Brexit, 2023

- Measures for Brexit, Ministry of the Presidency.

Regarding the financial settlement, we demand full transparency, public hearings with independent experts and quarterly reports on payment compliance. We will propose a temporary commission to analyze the budgetary impact and review post-Brexit priorities.

Trade and Customs Solutions

We propose a tariff-free trade agreement conditioned on binding guarantees against social, fiscal and environmental dumping. We demand non-regression clauses on labor standards and consumer protection, with an annual parliamentary oversight mechanism. To protect vulnerable sectors such as fisheries and agriculture, we demand

specific safeguard measures and an adjustment fund.

Governance Structures

We will establish an EU-UK Parliamentary Assembly with balanced representation of relevant political groups and committees, also maintaining our Brexit Coordination Group as the main parliamentary monitoring instrument.

We will adopt a detailed resolution with our conditions for consent before finalizing negotiations and insist on including a periodic review clause with mandatory parliamentary involvement.

Our aim is to secure an agreement that protects the interests of European citizens, preserves the integrity of the European project and establishes a constructive future relationship with the United Kingdom, always under the democratic scrutiny that our institution represents.

FUENTES:

• Resoluciones del Parlamento Europeo sobre el Brexit:

  • Resolución 2020/2563(RSP): https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-9-2020-0033_ES.html

  • Resolución 2020/2760(RSP): https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-9-2020-0152_ES.html

• Grupo de Coordinación del Brexit del Parlamento Europeo: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/brexit-steering-group/en/home.html

• Acuerdo de Comercio y Cooperación UE-Reino Unido (TCA): https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/ES/TXT/?uri=CELEX:22021A0430(01)

• Protocolo sobre Irlanda/Irlanda del Norte: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/ES/TXT/?uri=CELEX:12020W/TXT#d1e32-102-1