Timeline on Teaching and learning theories in SLA by MARIO MARCARI FILHO https://padlet.com/mariofilho9/fehq7lwlknc9n46v Timeline en-us 2021-09-09 18:07:08 UTC 2026-01-26 05:07:22 UTC hello@padlet.com Around 1965 Behaviourist – The learner produces the language, and the environment is an important factor because it stimulates the acquisition. The knowledge is internalized as the learner imitates others. It is necessary to grade the input in a series of steps, from the easiest to the most difficult. Feedbacks are important to reinforce or to correct utterances.The language acquisition explain progress in terms of what happens outside. mariofilho9 https://padlet.com/mariofilho9/fehq7lwlknc9n46v/wish/1728896584 2021-09-09 18:09:12 UTC https://padlet.com/mariofilho9/fehq7lwlknc9n46v/wish/1728896584 1960s and 1970's. It is called Making a start; It is a research-then-theory approach; It is the studies of naturalistic L2 learners; It uses cross-sectional and influential longitudinal studies;It has a universal and invariable route in acquiring grammatical morphemes/syntactical constructions, and involves a natural process of creative construction;The transfer from the L1 was minimal. mariofilho9 https://padlet.com/mariofilho9/fehq7lwlknc9n46v/wish/1728896937 2021-09-09 18:09:21 UTC https://padlet.com/mariofilho9/fehq7lwlknc9n46v/wish/1728896937 In the 1970’s. Nativist – The learner is an initiator. It is believed the exposure to language does not bring satisfactory results, so it is necessary input to activate internal mechanisms. Chomsky believes it is unlikely a person internalizes the rule system of language by himself.The language acquisition explain progress in terms of what happens inside. mariofilho9 https://padlet.com/mariofilho9/fehq7lwlknc9n46v/wish/1737530701 2021-09-13 22:52:26 UTC https://padlet.com/mariofilho9/fehq7lwlknc9n46v/wish/1737530701 In the 1980's. Interactionist – The acquisition of a language is the result of an interaction between the learner’s mental abilities and the linguistic environment. The processing mechanisms determine and are determined by the nature of the input. mariofilho9 https://padlet.com/mariofilho9/fehq7lwlknc9n46v/wish/1737532922 2021-09-13 22:54:09 UTC https://padlet.com/mariofilho9/fehq7lwlknc9n46v/wish/1737532922 1980’s. It is called “expansion period”;It is a theory-then-research approach; It has broadened the scope of its enquiry considerably; It developed four major areas of enquiry: language transfer, linguistic universals, second language pragmatics, and input/interaction. Which still figures strongly in SLA today;It established disciplines – linguistics, sociolinguistics and discourse analysis; SLA has emerged as a ‘pure’ discipline; The Research is on input and interaction; It is the first proposal for task-based language teaching;It is Interdisciplinary. mariofilho9 https://padlet.com/mariofilho9/fehq7lwlknc9n46v/wish/1737534501 2021-09-13 22:55:40 UTC https://padlet.com/mariofilho9/fehq7lwlknc9n46v/wish/1737534501 Late 1990’s. It is called the “Coming of age” or “Cognitive Phase”;It is considered an extension of the previous;It reflected the impact that constructs taken from cognitive psychology had on thinking about L2 acquisition; It uses information-processing theories premised on an input-output view of learning interest in implicit and explicit learning led to a refinement of Krashen’s (1981) earlier ‘acquisition’ and ‘learning’ distinction; It has alternative views about the role of consciousness in language learning (implicit);There is no attention to social factors up to this point. mariofilho9 https://padlet.com/mariofilho9/fehq7lwlknc9n46v/wish/1737535443 2021-09-13 22:56:32 UTC https://padlet.com/mariofilho9/fehq7lwlknc9n46v/wish/1737535443 1990 onwards. It is called “Social Turn”The L2 acquisition cannot be explained in purely cognitive terms, that learners are complex social beings;It focuses on how individual learners both respond to and shape their social context; It recognizes the ‘mind’ as a central component in learning; It gives importance of interaction in L2 acquisition, but it differs from those theories in how it conceptualizes the role of interaction. mariofilho9 https://padlet.com/mariofilho9/fehq7lwlknc9n46v/wish/1737536024 2021-09-13 22:57:01 UTC https://padlet.com/mariofilho9/fehq7lwlknc9n46v/wish/1737536024 2000’s.It is called “Recent developments”It is based on two theories united in one called Complex Dynamic Systems Theory;The language systems are non-linear, highly variable, individualistic, nonpredictable and always open to change;Learners are complex and heterogeneous It needs to take account of the interconnectedness of social, cognitive and psychological factors; It fits for the globalized world cause it is more inclusive construct than ‘social turn. mariofilho9 https://padlet.com/mariofilho9/fehq7lwlknc9n46v/wish/1737536554 2021-09-13 22:57:29 UTC https://padlet.com/mariofilho9/fehq7lwlknc9n46v/wish/1737536554 About Recent Developments: When we come to discuss about teaching theories, it is important to have in mind each person has a different background, interest, and ability. Teaching children is not an easy task, specially in public schools. Social problems have great impact on children’s learning. SLA has an important role on the student perception of his/her own language besides the contribution it can make to several disciplines. It is perfectly possibly to work subjects with other disciplines such as science, math, art, and so on. mariofilho9 https://padlet.com/mariofilho9/fehq7lwlknc9n46v/wish/1737735229 2021-09-14 00:48:59 UTC https://padlet.com/mariofilho9/fehq7lwlknc9n46v/wish/1737735229 About the Coming of age: I used to believe the information-processing theories were the most effective for teaching and learning a second language, as I used to think the more vocabulary you have, easier to communicate, but when it comes to teaching a second language it is important to contextualize the knowledge. It is obvious we can not expect complete sentences in another language from a student who has had little or no contact with it. I have worked for a short period with 2nd grade students, and at that moment, I worked mostly with words and small sentences. mariofilho9 https://padlet.com/mariofilho9/fehq7lwlknc9n46v/wish/1737838066 2021-09-14 01:28:05 UTC https://padlet.com/mariofilho9/fehq7lwlknc9n46v/wish/1737838066