https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654 Group 2 #BLM en-us 2021-05-17 13:24:28 UTC 2023-03-28 05:06:25 UTC hello@padlet.com ameliegonser99 https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1531154717 thematic focus 1:
Everyday racism ( in which ways are black people treated differently than their white fellow citizens?)
--> Tobias Weigel
--> Mercan Elmas

thematic focus 2:
Historic Background (how were these circumstances created?)
--> Amelie Gonser
--> Seraphine Schmidt

thematic focus 3:
future prospects (in which ways has the political climate changed so far and what has to be done to secure equality for all races?)
--> Selina Müller
--> Larissa Zander

Each thematic focus will also be adressed in relation to Black literature and media.]]> 2021-05-17 13:25:45 UTC https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1531154717 ameliegonser99 https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1531162063 Tobias Weigel 
Selina Müller 
Amelie Gonser
Seraphine Schmid
Larissa Zander

]]> 2021-05-17 13:27:15 UTC https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1531162063 ameliegonser99 https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1531163778 --> Larissa Zander]]> 2021-05-17 13:27:36 UTC https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1531163778 ameliegonser99 https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1531164987 -> Amelie Gonser

]]> 2021-05-17 13:27:51 UTC https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1531164987 ameliegonser99 https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1531166305 -> Seraphine Schmid ]]> 2021-05-17 13:28:06 UTC https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1531166305 ameliegonser99 https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1531167535 --> Tobias Weigel]]> 2021-05-17 13:28:20 UTC https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1531167535 ameliegonser99 https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1531169498 Larissa Zander ]]> 2021-05-17 13:28:46 UTC https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1531169498 ameliegonser99 https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1531173197 Seraphine Schmid]]> 2021-05-17 13:29:34 UTC https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1531173197 ameliegonser99 https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1531176314  Amelie Gonser]]> 2021-05-17 13:30:12 UTC https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1531176314 ameliegonser99 https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1531185580 Selina Müller]]> 2021-05-17 13:32:12 UTC https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1531185580 selinafrh https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1531218800 --> Selina Müller

]]> 2021-05-17 13:39:18 UTC https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1531218800 ameliegonser99 https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1589631655 The Declaration of Independence states that "all men are created equal" but the American democracy has historically excluded certain groups from the society.

Examples for inequality:
- Poll taxes -> disenfranchised   
   African American voters
- Marginalization African American     soldiers in WW1 +2 -> treated like    second-class citizens at home
- Black innovators -> barred from
   filling patents for inventions
- white medical professionals’
   exploitation of black women’s
   bodies (e.g.: Henrietta Lacks and 
    J. Marion Sims)
- interracial marriage -> illegal
- segregation in travel in Jim Crow
   era
- the government-mandated
  segregation of American cities
- segregation in schools 

]]> 2021-06-07 11:09:57 UTC https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1589631655 ameliegonser99 https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1589694387 In the past, people had to pay a day’s wages in order to be able to vote. Poll taxes were enacted in the post-reconstruction era (late 19th to early 20th century) and remained until 1960s.

- After 1870 -> particularly in
   southern states effort to restrict
   any kind of political power for
   African Americans

- In post-Civil-War era: African
   Americans got voting rights in
   the south
-> thousands of people registered, 
   voted and ran for office
-> white people were concerned
that this is was a revolution in the power structure
-> they found ways to limit African-American rights by enacting barriers to prevent them from voting
-They passed a series of laws state by state in the south (from literacy tests to poll taxes)
-> tried to keep African Americans out of politics without violating 15th Amendment of U.S. Constitution

- 1902: all 11 former Confederate
   states had enacted poll tax

- 1937: poll taxes survived a U.S.
   Supreme Court challenge of the 
   poll taxes in Georgia (Case
   Breedlove v. Suttles)
-> voting rights are conferred by the
states
-> the states may determine voter eligibility as they see except conflicts with the 15th Amendment concerning race and the 19th Amendment concerning sex

- 1954: battles of civil rights
   movements following the
   landmark Brown v. Board of
   Education
-> policies seen as barriers to the voting rights of African American and poor people

- 1962: Proposal of 24th
   Amendment: prohibit “the right to
   vote in federal elections from
   being contingent on the payment
   of a poll tax”
-> ratified in 1964
-> but still 5 states used poll taxes for local elections

- March 24th 1966: U.S. Supreme
   Court ruled in Harper v. Virginia
   Board of Elections
-> poll taxes for any level were unconstitutional

General information:
15th Amendment prohibited governments in the nation from denying the right to vote based in citizen’s “race, color or previous condition of servitude.”

19th Amendment granted the American woman the right to vote (ratified August 18th 1920) 

]]> 2021-06-07 11:52:28 UTC https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1589694387 https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1604832474 Based on the novel by K. Stocketts, takes place in Jackson (Mississippi) in the 1960s. A young white journalist Eugenia "Skeeter" Phelan starts writing a book about the experiences of the Black housekeepers in her neighbourhood. By doing so, she shifts the attention of the public to the unfair and degrading treatmet these Black women suffer from by the white families they work for.

This movie deals with topics like:

• racial segregation (e.g one Black woman is being fired when she uses the "white" toilet of the house during a thunder storm)
• white privilege (even though Skeeter is the one writing and publishing the book, the Black women face more backlash due to their oppression)
• the aftermath of slavery (many Black workers are being passed down by generations of Whites as if they were still their property)
• sexism in the 60s (especially the white women are expected to always look immaculate, put together and being capable to cook for their husbands. It's not desired for a young woman to pursue a career)

]]> 2021-06-14 11:17:11 UTC https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1604832474 tobes155 https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1605131633 In 1989, a jogger was assaulted and raped in New York's Central Park, and five young people were charged with the crime. The so-called Central Park Five, they spent years fighting the convictions. This series spans a quarter of a century, from when the teens are first questioned about the incident in the spring of 1989, going through their pardon in 2002 and ultimately the settlement reached with the city of New York in 2014. 
-> Donald Trump himself placed full-page ads in local papers demanding the five boys be given the death penalty.]]> 2021-06-14 13:50:52 UTC https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1605131633 https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1636224890 2021-07-04 14:13:26 UTC https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1636224890 tobes155 https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1651094201 1. Employment
The black unemployment rate has been twice that of whites over the past 60 years. -> No matter weather the economy has been going up or down.
Job applicants with white sounding names get called back 50% more than applicants with black sounding names (study by the National Bureau of Economic Research)

2. Wealth
White families hold 90% of the national wealth, Black families only 2,6% - for every 100$ white families earn, Black families only earn 57,30$ (2013 Survey of Consumer Finances)

3. Education
Black children constitute 18% of pre-scooler but make up 50% of suspensions. (NPR.org)
Under all age groups - Black students are three times more likely to be suspended than white students. (U.S. Department of Education Office for Civil Rights)

4. Criminal Justice
13% of the American people are black but they make up 40% of the prison population. They are 20% more likely to be sentenced to jail time and the sentences are typically 20% longer than for whites who committed similar crimes.
Most important detail: In many states a felony conviction means: You lose the right to vote! More than 7.4% of the black population is disenfranchised. (the sentencing project)

5. Housing
Banks purposely guided black home buyers towards subprime loans. (Demos next 20)
People of color are shown 18% less  homes and apartments than whites.
42% of Black ownership compared 72% of White ownership (Chicago Tribune)

6. Healthcare
Black Americans are far more likely to lack access to emergency medical care than whites.
The hospitals they go to are tend to be less well funded.
Black doctors -> less likely to receive government grants for research projects than similar skilled white doctors.

7. Surveillance
More than half of all young black Americans know someone who has been harassed by the police.(CSMonitor.com)
Black drivers are 30% more likely to be pulled over by police.(Washington Post)
Black people are twice as likely to die in pedestrian accidents - one study (Washington Post) found out that motorists are less likely to stop for Black people in the crosswalk.]]> 2021-07-15 11:59:57 UTC https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1651094201 tobes155 https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1651133734 Tobias Weigel]]> 2021-07-15 12:46:15 UTC https://padlet.com/ameliegonser99/fajr67nndmx3e654/wish/1651133734