Zoologist - Christian A by Christian Anderson

What Are The Duties Of A Zoologist?

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Investigate the relationships between animals and their environment
Study the development, physiology, and function of animals

(Eco Canada, 2021)

How Would I Interact With Other People In My Field?

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Zoologists often work collaboratively with zookeepers, veterinarians, marine biologists, and wildlife biologists. As a result, work locations for zoologists can vary from being indoors or outdoors, depending on the task. In the case of field work, Zoologists may find themselves in remote regions or they might spend prolonged periods outdoors studying specific species.
(Eco Canada, 2021)

Whats The Average Salary?

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The average pay for a zoologist is $87,211 a year and $42 an hour in Canada. (Economic Research Institute, 2023)

What Are The Work Hours?

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Zoologists work 40 hours a week but that can vary due to the weather and time of year.
(Illinois Work Net, 2005)

Whats The Busiest Time Of The Year?

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There can be extremely busy times of the year for zoologists especially when an animal is giving birth. The zoologist needs to study how the newborn animal is reacting to their environment.
(Eco Canada, 2021)

Is There Overtime?

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These scientists May work overtime when observing animals in their habitat.

(Illinois Work Net, 2005)

Is This A Stressful Work Enviorment?

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Imagine you have been up all night, sitting behind a thick Plexiglas window watching a female polar bear give birth to two cubs. This is what a night in the life of a zoologist could look like. So yes, this can be a stressful job at times.
(Eco Canada, 2021)

What High school Courses Would Be Required?

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Helpful electives to take in high school that prepare you for this occupation include:

Anatomy and Physiology
Animal Science
Computer Applications.
(Illinois Work Net, 2005)

What Post-Secondary Programs Would Be Required?

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An independent graduate degree is required. If you are a post-secondary student considering a career as a zoologist, the following programs are most applicable:

Zoology
Biology
Ecology
(Eco Canada, 2021)

What Are Some Schools That Offer This Program?

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University of British Columbia and the University of Toronto.
(Eco Canada, 2021)

How Long Would This Take?

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Since you need a bachelor's degree to become a zoologist, this education plan can take 4 years+.

(Illinois Work Net, 2005)

A Fantastic Zoologist

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Ann has made a significant contribution in her early years to giraffe research. She was also the first person ever to study wild giraffes.

I identify with Ann Innis Dagg since we are both Canadians.

Related Disease: Rabies

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A disease that zoologists have to be aware of when dealing with wild animals is rabies.

What Causes The Disease?

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The virus spreads through the saliva of infected animals. Infected animals can spread the virus by biting another animal or a person. in rare cases, rabies can be spread when infected saliva gets into an open wound or the mucous membranes, such as the mouth or eyes. This could happen if an infected animal licked an open cut on your skin. (Mayo Clinic, 2021)

How Does This Disease Impact a Persons Overall Health?

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Once a person begins showing signs and symptoms of rabies, the disease nearly always causes death. For this reason, Anyone with a risk of contracting rabies should receive rabies vaccinations for protection. (Mayo Clinic, 2021)

what Are The Symptoms?

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Initial symptoms of rabies include a fever with pain and unusual or unexplained tingling, pricking, or burning sensation (paraesthesia) at the wound site. As the virus spreads to the central nervous system, progressive and fatal brain and spinal cord inflammation develop. (World Health Organization, 2022)

What Are The Long Terms Affects?

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As the disease progresses, the person may experience delirium, abnormal behavior, hallucinations, hydrophobia, and insomnia. The acute period of disease typically ends after 2 to 10 days. Once clinical signs of rabies appear, the disease is nearly always fatal, and treatment is typically supportive. (Centers for disease control and protection, 2022)

How Does This Disease Affect The Digestive System?

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Prodromal symptoms of rabies

Fever.
Tiredness (fatigue).
Bite wound burning, itching, tingling, pain or numbness.
Cough.
Sore throat.
Muscle pain.
Nausea and vomiting.
Diarrhea.

(World Health Organization, 2022)

How Does This Disease Affect The Respiratory System?

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Spasms of the muscles in the throat and larynx occur because rabies affects the area in the brain that controls swallowing, speaking, and breathing. The spasms can be excruciatingly painful. A slight breeze or an attempt to drink water can trigger the spasms. Thus, people with rabies cannot drink. For this reason, the disease is sometimes called hydrophobia (fear of water).

(Merck Manual 2022 November 19)

How Does This Disease Affect The Circulatory System?

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There is evidence from both ante-mortem clinical and post-mortem pathological sources that rabies can affect the heart, where it can cause myocarditis, arrhythmias or less frequently conduction disorders (heart block); however this evidence comes primarily from case reports and case series. As the mortality rate of clinically established rabies is virtually 100%, cardiac involvement does not substantially affect the trajectory of the disease. Treatment for cardiac complications of rabies does not differ from treatment of those without the disease and care is primarily supportive in nature. (Cardiology Research 2021 January 24)

What Communities/People Are Affected?

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Pre-exposure immunization is recommended for people in certain high-risk occupations, such as laboratory workers handling live rabies and rabies-related (lyssavirus) viruses, and people (such as animal disease control staff and wildlife rangers) whose professional or personal activities might bring them into direct contact with bats, carnivores, or other mammals that may be infected. Pre-exposure immunization might be indicated also for outdoor travellers to and expatriates living in remote areas with a high rabies exposure risk and limited local access to rabies biologics. Finally, immunization should also be considered for children living in, or visiting such areas. As they play with animals, they may receive more severe bites, or may not report bites.

Rabies is also common in third-world countries as there are many animals, specifically dogs. (World Health Organization, 2022)

Why Are These Communities Affected?

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These communities in rural countries like Africa are more likely to have rabies as opposed to a country like Canada, as there are many more stray dogs. An estimated 21 476 human deaths occur each year in Africa due to dog-mediated rabies. People are usually infected following a deep bite or scratch from an animal with rabies, and transmission to humans by rabid dogs accounts for up to 99% of cases. (World Health Organization, 2022)

How Would A person In This Career Become Involved With This Disease?

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How Important Is This Role In A Patients Journey With This Disease?

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Back then when these treatments and vaccinations were not a thing zoologists were extremely important to a patient's battle with rabies as they have to study rabid animals in their environment, How long they have it, how it's contagious, what animals gets it, and working alongside doctors and scientists to discover a overall cure for rabies. (Centers for disease control and protection, 2022)

What Are The Chemicals Used For?

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Fortunately, rabies can be a vaccine-preventable disease, provided that post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is given promptly and correctly. (National Library Of Medicine, 2016) Post-Exposure prophylaxis (PEP) consists of a dose of human rabies immune globulin (HRIG) and rabies vaccine given on the day of the rabies exposure, and then a dose of vaccine given again on days 3, 7, and 14. (Centers For DIsease Control And Prevention, 2022)

What Types Of Treatment Are The Chemicals Used For?

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A fast-acting shot (rabies immune globulin) to prevent the virus from infecting you. This is given if you haven't had the rabies vaccine. This injection is given near the area where the animal bit you if possible, as soon as possible after the bite. (Mayo Clinic, 2021)

A series of rabies vaccinations to help your body learn to identify and fight the rabies virus. Rabies vaccinations are given as injections in your arm. If you haven't previously had the rabies vaccines, you'll receive four injections over 14 days. If you have had the rabies vaccine, you'll have two injections over the first three days. (Mayo Clinic, 2021)

How Do They Work?

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The rabies vaccine is typically made from a killed virus. The virus is grown in a laboratory and killed using a process such as heat or chemicals. Once the virus is killed it is then prepared as a vaccine. when the rabies vaccine is injected into the body it causes the immune system to produce antibodies against the virus. these antibodies remain in the body and provide protection against future infection with the virus. additionally it also triggers an immune response that activates memory cells to remember the virus if it is exposed again allowing for a faster and more efficient response in case of infection. (National Library Of Medicine, 2016)

Whats The Medication Called?

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IMOVAX®Rabies (inactivated, human diploid cell rabies vaccine). Sanofi Pasteur Ltd. ( HDCV)
RABAVERT® (inactivated, purified chick embryo cell rabies vaccine), Bavarian Nordi

Whats The Name Of The Active Chemical In This Vaccine?

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The vaccine is lyophilized after addition of a stabilizer solution that consists of buffered polygeline and potassium glutamate.  (Food And Drug Administration, 2018) A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. C5H8KNO4 Monopotassium Glutamte. (PubChem, 2017)

What Type Of Compound Is This?

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Monopotassium Glutamic is a molecular Compound. (PubChem, 2017)

Scientific Career: Zoologist

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Chemical Applications

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“Illinois Work Net - Zoologist .” Zoologists - Working Conditions, https://apps.illinoisworknet.com/cis/clusters/OccupationDetails/100486?parentId=110100§ion=conditions§ionTitle=Working+Conditions.“Zoologist.” ECO Canada, 23 Mar. 2021, https://eco.ca/career-profiles/zoologist/#:~:text=Job%20Duties&text=Investigate%20the%20relationships%20between%20animals,the%20work%20of%20technical%20staff. “Rabies.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 8 Dec. 2022, https://www.cdc.gov/rabies/index.html.“Rabies.” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 2 Nov. 2021, https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/rabies/symptoms-causes/syc-20351821.“Rabies.” World Health Organization, World Health Organization, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/rabies.“Rabies: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention.” Cleveland Clinic, https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13848-rabies. “Ask the Experts.” Ask the Experts: Rabies Vaccines, https://www.immunize.org/askexperts/experts_rab.asp.“Government of Canada.” Canada.ca, / Gouvernement Du Canada, 31 Oct. 2022, https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/canadian-immunization-guide.html.“Monopotassium Glutamate.” National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Database, U.S. National Library of Medicine, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/23669634.Package Insert - Rabavert - Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/files/vaccines%2C%20blood%20%26%20biologics/published/Package-Insert---RabAvert.pdf.“Rabies Postexposure Prophylaxis (PEP).” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4 May 2022, https://www.cdc.gov/rabies/medical_care/index.html.“Rabies.” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 2 Nov. 2021, https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/rabies/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351826.Zhu, Shimao, and Caiping Guo. “Rabies Control and Treatment: From Prophylaxis to Strategies with Curative Potential.” Viruses, U.S. National Library of Medicine, 28 Oct. 2016, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5127009/.

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