The outrageous increment of fuel prices and fuel scarcity directly affects the fares of all modes of transportation. On the other hand, it is a major problem for the students who travels to universities. Therefore, many students find it difficult to travel either by their own vehicle due to the shortage of fuel or by public transport. Most of the university students skip classes and incur additional costs for transportation. Some of the students say that lack of fuel has made living off-campus harder. Since the cost of transportation has increased most of the students find it difficult to bear up the cost so they tend to stay at home and study rather than going to university. The frustration of students is even getting worse because they spend and sacrifice their time on roads staying in fuel queues and waiting for buses/trains. Most of the students are getting either late to attend to lectures, sometimes the lecturers would refuse them joining the class half way or else the students would miss the classes. 

After all, students who are facing such challenges to attend universities urge the university student union to make enough transport facilities available to students as well. Therefore, the students will be able to attend to university without any hassle and it will not make students discouraging and tiring to attend to university. 

By spending more time in on-campus is being successful in higher education. The students who attend universities has better grades and lower rates of students dropping out from school. Some students who lives in larger cities face bigger challenges in travelling to university and they have less time to spend on-campus due to the transportation and time. The students who travels from far usually takes the public transport to attend for universities since most of the students cannot afford private vehicles for travelling. According to the one-day travel survey, 64% students travels in public transportation, 18% by walking, 12% by driving and 6% by cycling. Majority of the students rely on public transportation because they live far from university in order to travel by walking or by cycling. Researchers have found that the students who lives far from the university has lower attendance rate than the students who live nearby. The main problem was transportation, there are suggestions that says the students who have busier lifestyles, who do more activities per day has less attendance to universities on a weekly basis. Also the students who travels by public transport and by driving has more expenses for example, the students who travels by public transit has to spend money on by tickets/ monthly passes. The students who travels by driving has to spend money on their insurance, car maintenance cost and parking. These facts are some of the financial barriers which affects the attendance of students at universities. Therefore, commute frequency shows that there’s a less number of students who attends to universities by public transit and by driving.

Due to the transportation issues students face major difficulties to travel to universities, it also risks their degree. Some students have raised concern due to the unbearable cost of transportation and mentioned that they would travel to university only after two weeks when the term begin because they need to work at home to earn money to cover their expenses. Many students have been finding alternative transportation methods to travel to university for example by taxis, coaches and flights. Some of the students have posted on social media asking for lifts to travel to Durham University. 

In conclusion, transportation is a major problem which affects the attendance of students at universities.

 

Review:
This article is about the transportation barriers faced by international students in United States of America. According to this article it has mentioned that some rural areas in America does not have good transportation facilities. The objective of this research is to find out about the travel experience of international students in a nearby area near University of Alabama (UA). The data of this research has been collected by an online survey which was conducted among the international students in Tuscaloosa area. Tuscaloosa is a town with a very few public transportations. The students who live outside of Tuscaloosa’s downtown area find it difficult for them to travel to the university. The study has shown that it is hard to travel without a personal vehicle. The international students who do not have a personal vehicle find it really difficult to travel to university. It has mentioned that The Tuscaloosa County Parking and Transit Authority (TCPTA) provides transportation services for a smaller area via bus, trains and trolleys. Since, International students don’t have any personal vehicle it is quite difficult for them to get the public transportation to travel to the city on weekends because transportation is limited on weekends. The survey has shown that the international students do not know all the transportation services which are currently available in Tuscaloosa. It is a duty of for the UA ISSS to help the international students to make them aware about the transportation facilities during their orientation period which were provided by the city. 

 

Based on this research results it was found that there is a positive impact of transportation service to the university students at the improving of their attendance. Further it is found an investment which provides the students with a reasonable transportation solution can help the students in improving their attendance as well the grades. The research results were found one third of the participants to the survey were missed 10% or more of the total classes of the course due to insufficient transport service. Further the study was found odds of having absenteeism 10% or less was 3.2 times higher for the students who uses the bus service than the others who uses other services. Hence this result indicates a proper transportation system could directly impact on reducing the absenteeism percentage of the university students.

According to the author D. S. Edwards, transportation means can play an important role in increasing the outcome of students. Transportation provides safe and reliable means for getting to school and getting back from school. Studies provide evidence and the effects of transportation on student performance. In this article casual pieces of evidence of transportation, impacts on student attendance, and achievements are provided by using a student enrollment panel and by using the student’s residence data in Michigan State. It is described in this article that Michigan school student who belongs to the public sector district transportation. In Michigan, almost 50 large districts datasets of transportation policies were used to determine the impacts. By using a technique named regression discontinuity design author exploited the walking distance cutoffs and explored the eligibility of transportation. He further stated that eligibility for transportation increases the attendance rates of students and the probability of chronic absences were decreased. The effects on the economically disadvantaged students are worse, these students experience a 0.5 to 1 percent increase in point for attendance rates and a 3-4 percent point decrease due to the probability of being chronically absent. After all the studies these results conclude that if transportation is provided by the school itself it can increase student attendance by reducing the risk of missing school due to transportation. Further, this paper investigates student achievements as well. The results were shocking as they have shown no effect on the achievements of student’s outcomes. In this paper, the author suggested that instead of increasing the bus services the focus should be on increasing the additional transportation services for students (D.S. Edwards, 2022). 

Patel, H. M. S. H. E. e. a., 2021. The relationship between transportation vulnerability, school attendance, and free transportation to an afterschool program for youth.. Transportation , 6(1), pp. 2315-2333

Review:                                                                                                      The vulnerabilities in transportation can be defined as the lack of access to transportation that has consequences in terms of finances, health, and social issues. In the literature, we can find studies and pieces of evidence of research for the relationship between transportation, its access, vulnerabilities, and the environment with respect to adults. However, youth and especially students got less attention. In this study authors, H. Pate et al. examined the relationship between school attendance and the vulnerability of transportation. This study was conducted for the time duration of 2010 to 2017. The main subjects were those schools where free transportation was not provided to students. The study was conducted to check the attendance of a special program. This program was to attend a park-based physical activity. An adjusted generalized longitudinal linear mixed model was used to show the association. According to this study, there is a positive association between school attendance and transportation vulnerability. According to this analysis areas where school transportation was provided there was an increase of 4% in student attendance. The findings of this study suggest that student attendance is directly impacted by transportation and transportation has the potential to improve attendance. Transport not only improves attendance but plays important role in improving societal community-based participation in any recreational program. This study highlighted the vulnerabilities that are faced by youth regarding transportation. It was concluded that there must be sustainable services that should be explored in order to reduce the issues regarding transportation. This will in turn improve youth participation in education, schools, and in recreational community programs as well (Patel, 2021)

Review:   
                                                                                                    Transportation is among the potential hurdles that a student can face when he attempts to attend school. In this paper, the hurdles and the contributions of transport for students both are identified. Data from Baltimore and Maryland is examined for high school students considering them as commuters. Theories and tools for adult commuters have been identified and applied to students to understand their engagement with school. This study examines the commuting stress that students are facing is the same as that faced by adults. Sometimes this excessive stress can lead students to do a job. Spatial analysis and its advancements make it possible for us now to estimate transit routes in detail. The main features of these transit routes are extracted in this study. Some selected challenges are addressed. The analysis is made on the transition of high school students. It has been analyzed that the changes and the routes by which a student comes to the school have a direct influence on them. This study shows that students from high school miss more days than students from middle school. The reason behind the school miss in middle and high are mostly attributed to the use of public transport. According to this study, student absenteeism is one of the most important reasons behind student withdrawal from school.  The findings of this study pointed out that by choosing a public school choice you need to pay a hidden cost for that and that will be transportation issues that affect your child’s attendance (Marc L. Stein, 2019). 

In this particular article, the authors have discussed the role of Uber transportation services for university students in order to transport in rural areas in London, England. In the case of London which is mainly located on the rural side of England, the majority of the university students found a lack of transportation services rather than Uber which compelled them to stay on the University Campus, especially during the examination and summer education season (Mohamed et al. 2019). In this respect, the key approach of the researcher of this study was to analyse the differences between technology application and mobile application usage among university students of rural and urban areas.  

Additionally, Uber Pool services have been found extremely popular among university students who regularly book these car services during the time of transportation towards the University (Mohamed et al. 2019).  Uber services are more on time along with having proper route services in order to avoid traffic conditions which ultimately helps the students to reach University Campus within time. With the help of case study analysis, the researcher of this article has also indicated some issues in Uber Pool services such as poor communication or Poor management of the car which might affect the attendance of students at their University in London. The interview of 31 Different policymakers who use the Uber services in London has been extremely beneficial for the researcher to improve their knowledge in this particular area. The findings of the interviews or surveys among the students emphasised more on the fact that who use the Uber application for daily transportation need better outcome.

In this globalised age, due to geographic inequalities, it has shown to hamper the better access to higher education which has impacted on the daily attendance of the students. The aim of the researcher in this investigation is to determine the relationship between the geographical location of the University and the Transportation system used by the students in London, United Kingdom (White and Lee, 2020). The geographical location has been taken by the researcher as one of the main factors in the study in order to analyse the various transportation modes taken by the students while reaching University and improve their attendance. A Mixed- Method approach along with quantitative and qualitative analysis has been implemented by the researchers in order to determine the role of transportation in UK University students' attendance.

From the findings of the study, it was clear that students who lived 40 km away from the University had lower attendance due to their challenges in the daily Transportation system. However, students within a 10 km distance from the University Campus have a higher attendance compared to the previous group. The overall transportation modes within the United Kingdom are still poor, especially for the students and their daily usage. In this specific investigation, it has also been found only 36% of 17 to 20 years old University students in the UK have driving licences there for the factor of using personal cars has also been reduced (White and Lee, 2020). Additionally, the geographical location has also led to the knowledge that Universities in UK should have proper transportation systems for their students to maintain their daily attendance and their effective enrolment in the education system.

Review:

In this specific article, the role of e-Micro Mobility Vehicles Among university students in North England has been determined with the help of a primary quantitative research investigation. The authors have applied a survey year among 205 university students and staff regarding their use of e-Bike for they are daily transportation from home to University (Bridge, 2023). Some key results shown that the application of electric bike among the students are done to avoid the higher transportation cost in England, especially in private cabs or Uber services and to maintain environmental sustainability. With the help of e-Bikes, it is possible for students to avoid the issues of air pollution as well as reach the university campus without any traffic congestion. Therefore, it has been possible for students to reach their classes and maintain their attendance at university with the help of electric vehicles.

However, the perception of some of the university's students from this survey has also indicated the safety concerns of such vehicles for regular use. The majority of the university's students still lack educational awareness regarding such vehicles and their uses including maximum speed restrictions. However, from the survey, it has also been found 70% of the University students who are using e-Bikes on a daily basis are reaching their destination on time along with improving their university attendance which has ultimately improved their academic performance. Thus, the overall investigation has been highly influential along with justified survey questionnaires in order to determine transportation services for the students.

Review:

In this specific article, the role of e-Micro Mobility Vehicles Among university students in North England has been determined with the help of a primary quantitative research investigation. The authors have applied a survey year among 205 university students and staff regarding their use of e-Bike for they are daily transportation from home to University (Bridge, 2023). Some key results shown that the application of electric bike among the students are done to avoid the higher transportation cost in England, especially in private cabs or Uber services and to maintain environmental sustainability. With the help of e-Bikes, it is possible for students to avoid the issues of air pollution as well as reach the university campus without any traffic congestion. Therefore, it has been possible for students to reach their classes and maintain their attendance at university with the help of electric vehicles.

However, the perception of some of the university's students from this survey has also indicated the safety concerns of such vehicles for regular use. The majority of the university's students still lack educational awareness regarding such vehicles and their uses including maximum speed restrictions. However, from the survey, it has also been found 70% of the University students who are using e-Bikes on a daily basis are reaching their destination on time along with improving their university attendance which has ultimately improved their academic performance. Thus, the overall investigation has been highly influential along with justified survey questionnaires in order to determine transportation services for the students.

The author has particularly described how University strikes and rail strikes are affecting students during the Christmas Holiday period where most students are facing difficulties getting back home, as well as trying to attend classes on time and sit for assessments and exams.

University strikes have affected students in the UK across 140 universities spanning 18 days in total. Though students stand in solidarity with university staff, nonetheless, it has greatly affected their attendance and studies. This has been referred to as a big setback for students given the already set back, they had from Covid-19 restrictions in the past few years.

The author also dives into how the rail strikes have greatly affected studies, making it difficult for students to attend regular classes.

Students are also concerned how transport strikes apart from affecting their classes are also barring them from going home in emergencies.

A lot of final year students are also concerned with their assessments and learning opportunities being put on hold, which is creating backlogs and even year losses.

The author also interviews students to get varied opinions on the ongoing strikes.

Many students agree with the ongoing strikes while the majority disagrees and believes alternating diplomatic strategies are the key in resolving the issue without causing distress to the public and the students.

It’s critical for students to attend their classes regularly, which directly corelates to their academic performance and involvement in their educational activities. Often times missing classes on a regular basis can hinder grades, and can greatly affect academic performance and have negative consequences for students mental wellbeing and a lot of students are concerned about what the future holds if the ongoing situation continues.

The article discussed issues with transportation challenges that discourage pupils to overall participate and attend school activities.

Parents showed concerns with school transportation systems as not having adequate aides or were not sufficiently qualified to work with particular child as they were required to handle too many students at the same time and were also inappropriately gender matched. There are also concerns about schools not having sufficient resources to be able to train the aides properly.

The parents also showed concerns on how their children were excluded from schools programming as inadequate disabled friendly transportation restricted special needs children from attending school-related activities .

Students with disabilities often suffer from severe anxiety from not being able to participate in academic and recreational activities as part of general educational programming (Padeliadu & Zigmond, 1996). 

Transportation problems also arose from inconsistent scheduling from school bus services negatively affect people with disabilities often causing anxiety and depression among pupils (Graham et al., 2014)

The author shows concerns on behalf of parent's voices with issues such as physical safety and problem with equipment for majority of disabled students regarding transportation to and from school ,including intraschool travel such as going from  building to building ,wheelchair accessible areas and emergency response personnel on site.

The author also describes how policy and restructuring of the school transport system by incorporating the above concerns and taking into parent's perspective of disabled children can have significant positive impact on disabled student groups and improve their quality of learning and overall attendance in schools .