HUMN1056 - Week 3 - First Nations History in Australia by Mirela Cufurovic

Read your allocated section in this reading here to create your timeline.

mcufurovic — 2025-07-14 00:34:47 UTC

1788

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When? 18 Jan 1788
Where? Botany Bay, Gadigal land
Who? Gadigal people of Eora Nation and Europeans
At first, contact was diplomatic, but resistance begin after that. The British took land and resources, making peaceful relations difficult.

1920

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The British Empire was the largest single empire the world had ever seen: it covered one-fifth of the planet

1876

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The Battle of Little Bighorn in the

Great Sioux War.

1967 Referendum – May 27

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On 27 May 1967, Australians voted to change the Constitution to include Aboriginal people in the census and allow the federal government to make laws for them.

Over 90 percent voted Yes, making it the highest Yes vote in Australian history.

This was a major step in recognising Aboriginal rights and followed years of activism.

self determination 1972

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1972-2005

self determination

Influenced by the civil rights movement, The Aboriginal and Torres strait islander commission (ATSIC) created to give indigenous people political representatives.

1833

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Victoria, Convicing Ground

1958 – FCAATSI formed

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The Federal Council for Aboriginal Advancement was created to push for Aboriginal rights and law reform.

Protection (1780-1937)

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Underpinned by Eugenics, and thought that Aboriginals were an 'inferior' race.

At this time the frontier was also happened and protection acts were also implemented to control all aspects of Aboriginal peoples lives.

1965 – Freedom Rides

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Led by Charles Perkins, students travelled through NSW to expose racism and segregation in country towns.

1966 – Wave Hill Walk-off

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Gurindji workers walked off in protest for equal wages and land rights, becoming a major moment in Aboriginal activism.

CLOSING THE GAP

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The Australian Government recognised the health differences between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. The Australian government saw this and created the CLOSING THE GAP policy in 2008. They work towards a set of targets that improve things for the Indigenous people, such as life expectancy, mortality rates, education, and employment outcomes.

Assimilation

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From 1937-1965

The Government became aware that the Aboriginal people weren’t ‘dying out’, which means they wanted to force the Aboriginal people to adapt to the same manner of living, beliefs, cultural beliefs, and cultural practices as white people. The process involved removing Aboriginal children from their families, preventing family contact, use of their language and ceremonial practices. This policy is also referred to as the Stolen Generation.

Integration 1965-72

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Policy recognises the right to cultural autonomy. This began the programs that recognised the rights for Aboriginal people to maintain their languages, cultural practises and communities. This period in 1967 referendum amended sections of the australian constitution.

Introduction

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Through war and bloodshed, incredible social connections are forged in its aftermath. In order for any human to learn, we must walk down the wrong path in order to have contrast to how one should act. Good is the antidote to evil, but without evil we would not understand what it is to be good. We now see a great deal of policies and recognition for the aboriginal people, how they were mistreated, and how we can learn from our mistakes to not make them going forward.

The Black War in Tasmania (1823-1834)

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The intense conflict between Aboriginal Tasmanians and European settlers It is considered Australia's most violent territorial confrontation, resulting in significant casualties on both sides. Indigenous populations were nearly decimated, while many settlers also suffered fatalities or injuries.