Week 8 Readings by Natalie Pierson https://padlet.com/piern972/es8wshv5t8tksxj4 en-us 2021-02-15 18:13:55 UTC 2024-12-16 20:49:21 UTC hello@padlet.com Alexandra https://padlet.com/piern972/es8wshv5t8tksxj4/wish/1222279468 L a n d  G r a n t : A T R I S C O
. . . .
Source: SG 145 (26/1035-eor) PLC 45 (37/690)

Bowden: 1698-1715

Grantee: 15 Vecinos of Puesto de Atrisco

Date: 4/8/1768

Type Grant: Hispano community:
"Grants made to a group of Hispanos that included common lands in the grant at the outset. Settlers would receive small tracts of private land for their houses and garden plots with the right to use the remaining common lands for pasturing their cattle, gathering firewood and logs for building, hunting wild game, and gathering other resources, such as herbs and stone. Settlers owned their private tracts outright after four years and could sell them. The sale of a private tract by an individual carried with it the right to use the common lands, but the common lands could not be sold because they were owned by the community."
Center For Land Grant Studies (southwestbooks.org)

Grantor: Gov Pedro Fermín de Mendinueta

County: Bernalillo

Claimed Acres: 82,728 |

Confirmed Acres: 82,728

Center For Land Grant Studies - Southwestern Books (southwestbooks.org)
^ these links have the same title on Padlet for some reason, but they are different...]]> 2021-02-21 01:34:04 UTC https://padlet.com/piern972/es8wshv5t8tksxj4/wish/1222279468 Alexandra https://padlet.com/piern972/es8wshv5t8tksxj4/wish/1222289715 Info about the steps in the Land grants and more:
Center For Land Grant Studies (southwestbooks.org)
^ these links have the same title on Padlet for some reason, but they are different...

Source: Cultural Energy - Media Voices of Northern New Mexico

Notes from 2009 audio:
- Start with a land grant document. Look in the index for the role and the frame (2005) Center For Land Grant Studies - Southwestern Books (southwestbooks.org)

- Sometimes you can find new info that should be added within the database.
 
- Misleading names of grants can occur in the name of the land grant. It is important to search in depth of the history. 

- They would look at the first census and trace the name back with Church records and census records. Also the library helps, archeological papers, and old news clippings can add additional information. 

- Family history is linked to land grants. 
]]> 2021-02-21 01:47:19 UTC https://padlet.com/piern972/es8wshv5t8tksxj4/wish/1222289715 Ella Weinstein https://padlet.com/piern972/es8wshv5t8tksxj4/wish/1223927081 Indigenous Environmental Network

This non-profit organization broadly focuses on environmental injustices. They work with 
"among Indigenous communities, tribes, inter-tribal and Indigenous organizations, people-of-color/ethnic organizations, faith-based and women groups, youth, labor, environmental organizations and others." The main focus of the organization is developing "mechanisms to protect our sacred sites, land, water, air, natural resources, health of both our people and all living things, and to build economically sustainable communities." They organize protests, create petitions, provide content by and for Indigenous peoples, host webinars, dispense grant money, and work with United Nations of issues of climate change.The Indigenous Environmental Network also runs various campaigns for change. Currently, they have campaigns for transitioning our relationship with out planet from commoditization to a legal right bearing entity,  the fossil fuel industry entitled Banking on Climate Change, genetically modified chestnut trees, and carbon trading and offsets.  Overall, Indigenous Environmental Network is an "alliance of Indigenous Peoples whose Shared Mission is to Protect the Sacredness of Earth Mother from contamination & exploitation by Respecting and Adhering to Indigenous Knowledge and Natural Law."

https://www.ienearth.org/

]]> 2021-02-21 18:57:33 UTC https://padlet.com/piern972/es8wshv5t8tksxj4/wish/1223927081 New Mexico Land Grants piern972 https://padlet.com/piern972/es8wshv5t8tksxj4/wish/1224243078 A Land Grant is land that is gifted by the government, usually for a set amount of time, for many reasons ranging from work incentives to rewards for services. The Center For Land Grant Studies lists 15 types of grants given in New Mexico and their purpose. https://www.southwestbooks.org/grantstypes.htm 
Here is a summary:  
  • Hispano Private Grant: Given to an individual Spaniard, who can sell the grant after a required 4-year use. 
  • Hispano Community Grant: The land is a community-owned Spaniard settler space and cannot be sold after four years
  • Hispano Quasi-community Grant: Similar to a private grant, but implies that the user will bring in other settlers, and it will eventually become a community space.
  • Hispano Grazing Grant: Given to individual Spaniards for livestock grazing
  • Pueblo Community Grant: Community grant for the Native American Pueblo. Most Pueblos in New Mexico had no use for private grants. 
  • Pueblo Grazing Grant: Given to Pueblo communities for grazing their cattle.
  • Pueblo Cruzate Grant: Made between 1683 and 1691, these land grants give four square leagues (about 3 to 4 miles) to each Pueblo Native American based on Bartolomé Ojeda’s testimony. He promised the Pueblo would not revolt against the Spaniards, and as a “reward,” Governor Domingo Jironza Petriz de Cruzate gave out land grants. However, these grants were unnecessary because Pueblos were already given four square leagues under Hispanic law.   
  • Hispano Protective Grant: Grants made to protect or solidify other Spaniards’ grants.
  • Hispano Mining Grant: Grants for Spaniards and Mexicans to mine the land.
  • Hispano Empesario Grant: Grants made mostly by the Mexican government to encourage colonization. The settler brought in a certain amount of people over four years and was gifted with a private grant.
  • Hispano Emigration Grant: Grants given to Mexican citizens who did not want to lose their Mexican citizenship after the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. 
  • Pueblo Protective Grant: Grants made to protect or solidify other Pueblo Grants.
  • Pueblo Purchased Grant: Hispano grants that Pueblo people purchased to expand Pueblo community grants.
  • Fraudulent Grant: Grants made incorrectly.
  • Congressional Grant: A grant made by congress after the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo when it no longer functioned under Spanish or Mexican law.

These land grants imply that colonists have an unalienable right to the land and are well in their rights to decide who gets land and where that land is. There is also a clear incentive to bring in more colonists, like in the Hispano Empesario and Hispano Quasi-Community Grants, and attempts to calm uprisings, like in the Pueblo Cruzate Grant. 

]]> 2021-02-21 22:08:00 UTC https://padlet.com/piern972/es8wshv5t8tksxj4/wish/1224243078 Land Grants L-R katherinehong https://padlet.com/piern972/es8wshv5t8tksxj4/wish/1224456342 Plaza Colorada (Colorado)

Sources: SG 149 (27/513-665) PLC 2 (33/335)

Bowden: 1111-1117

Grantee: Rosalia Baldes et al

Date: 6/25/1739

Type Grant: Hispano Private
"Grants made to a group of Hispanos that included common lands in the grant at the outset. Settlers would receive small tracts of private land for their houses and garden plots with the right to use the remaining common lands for pasturing their cattle, gathering firewood and logs for building, hunting wild game, and gathering other resources, such as herbs and stone. Settlers owned their private tracts outright after four years and could sell them. The sale of a private tract by an individual carried with it the right to use the common lands, but the common lands could not be sold because they were owned by the community."
(Center for Land Grant Studies)

Grantor: Gaspar Domingo de Mendoza

County: Rio Arriba

Claimed Acres: 35,924

Confirmed Acres: 35,761

The Center for Land Grant Studies is a non-profit organization that focuses on researching and distributing information that focuses on land and water rights issues of traditional communities in New Mexico. Furthermore, they also focus on the Spanish and Mexican Land Grants made out to Hispanic and Indigenous peoples.]]> 2021-02-22 01:09:31 UTC https://padlet.com/piern972/es8wshv5t8tksxj4/wish/1224456342 kehrm136 https://padlet.com/piern972/es8wshv5t8tksxj4/wish/1224660233 2021-02-22 03:39:21 UTC https://padlet.com/piern972/es8wshv5t8tksxj4/wish/1224660233 Remembering Berta Cáceres, Assassinated Honduras Indigenous & Environmental Leader kehrm136 https://padlet.com/piern972/es8wshv5t8tksxj4/wish/1224662926 Berta Caceres was a Lenca indigenous woman, grassroots human rights defender, and co-founder of consejo Cívico de Organizaciones Indígenas Populares – COPINH. For over two decades she fought against the development of mining and dam projects in Honduras. Since the 2009 coup, there has been a spike in environmentally destructive projects that are affecting indigenous communities. For instance, Dessarrollos Energeticos SA (DESA) planned to construct the Agua Zarca Dam along the Gualcarque River, a river that is sacred to the Lenca people. The construction of this hydroelectric dam would destroy important waterways and the livelihoods of indigenous communities. Caceres led campaigns to put a stop to the construction of the dam, resulting in her being targeted by extractive companies, private security forces, and the state itself. She fought against neoliberal world policies and the privatization of natural resources. 

“There’s no way to overstate the importance of Berta’s work. She was working for a wholly new form of governance in Honduras, not just a new government, but a new system whereby people had the say and the riches of the country went to benefit them instead of the tiny elite.” 

]]> 2021-02-22 03:41:14 UTC https://padlet.com/piern972/es8wshv5t8tksxj4/wish/1224662926 kehrm136 https://padlet.com/piern972/es8wshv5t8tksxj4/wish/1224673673 2021-02-22 03:48:15 UTC https://padlet.com/piern972/es8wshv5t8tksxj4/wish/1224673673 Q: How do we hold nation states accountable when they violate the UN indigenous rights convention? kehrm136 https://padlet.com/piern972/es8wshv5t8tksxj4/wish/1224679370 Canada, New Zealand, Australia, and the U.S originally voted against this declaration in 2007--to date the U.S has not ratified it

Q: Which article caught your attention?   What was your initial reaction/thoughts?


Article 28

1. Indigenous peoples have the right to redress, by means that can include restitution or, when this is not possible, just, fair and equitable compensation, for the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned or otherwise occupied or used, and which have been confiscated, taken, occupied, used or damaged without their free, prior and informed consent.

 
Article 37

1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the recognition, observance and enforcement of treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements concluded with States or their successors and to have States honour and respect such treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements.

]]> 2021-02-22 03:51:54 UTC https://padlet.com/piern972/es8wshv5t8tksxj4/wish/1224679370